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        (likely((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_mapping) ? (PySequence_GetSlice(obj, a, b)) : \
            (PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "'%.200s' object is unsliceable", (obj)->ob_type->tp_name), (PyObject*)0)))
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        (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "null argument to internal routine"), -1) : \
        (likely((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_mapping) ? (PySequence_SetSlice(obj, a, b, value)) : \
            (PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "'%.200s' object doesn't support slice assignment", (obj)->ob_type->tp_name), -1)))
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        (PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError, "null argument to internal routine"), -1) : \
        (likely((obj)->ob_type->tp_as_mapping) ? (PySequence_DelSlice(obj, a, b)) : \
            (PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "'%.200s' object doesn't support slice deletion", (obj)->ob_type->tp_name), -1)))
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  #define __Pyx_GetAttrString(o,n)   PyObject_GetAttrString((o),((char *)(n)))
  #define __Pyx_SetAttrString(o,n,a) PyObject_SetAttrString((o),((char *)(n)),(a))
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  #define __Pyx_GetAttrString(o,n)   PyObject_GetAttrString((o),(n))
  #define __Pyx_SetAttrString(o,n,a) PyObject_SetAttrString((o),(n),(a))
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  #define __Pyx_DOCSTR(n)  ((char *)(n))
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  #define __Pyx_NAMESTR(n) (n)
  #define __Pyx_DOCSTR(n)  (n)
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#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_Divide(x,y)         PyNumber_TrueDivide(x,y)
  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)  PyNumber_InPlaceTrueDivide(x,y)
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  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_Divide(x,y)         PyNumber_Divide(x,y)
  #define __Pyx_PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)  PyNumber_InPlaceDivide(x,y)
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#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
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#include <math.h>
#define __PYX_HAVE__sklearn__linear_model__sgd_fast
#define __PYX_HAVE_API__sklearn__linear_model__sgd_fast
#include "math.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "numpy/arrayobject.h"
#include "numpy/ufuncobject.h"
#ifdef _OPENMP
#include <omp.h>
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#define CYTHON_WITHOUT_ASSERTIONS
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/* inline attribute */
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    #define CYTHON_INLINE
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#   if !(defined(__cplusplus)) || (__GNUC__ > 3 || (__GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 4))
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#     define CYTHON_UNUSED
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#   define CYTHON_UNUSED __attribute__ ((__unused__))
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#   define CYTHON_UNUSED
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typedef struct {PyObject **p; char *s; const long n; const char* encoding; const char is_unicode; const char is_str; const char intern; } __Pyx_StringTabEntry; /*proto*/


/* Type Conversion Predeclarations */

#define __Pyx_PyBytes_FromUString(s) PyBytes_FromString((char*)s)
#define __Pyx_PyBytes_AsUString(s)   ((unsigned char*) PyBytes_AsString(s))

#define __Pyx_Owned_Py_None(b) (Py_INCREF(Py_None), Py_None)
#define __Pyx_PyBool_FromLong(b) ((b) ? (Py_INCREF(Py_True), Py_True) : (Py_INCREF(Py_False), Py_False))
static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject*);
static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(PyObject* x);

static CYTHON_INLINE Py_ssize_t __Pyx_PyIndex_AsSsize_t(PyObject*);
static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject * __Pyx_PyInt_FromSize_t(size_t);
static CYTHON_INLINE size_t __Pyx_PyInt_AsSize_t(PyObject*);

#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
#define __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(x) (PyFloat_CheckExact(x) ? PyFloat_AS_DOUBLE(x) : PyFloat_AsDouble(x))
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#define __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(x) PyFloat_AsDouble(x)
#endif
#define __pyx_PyFloat_AsFloat(x) ((float) __pyx_PyFloat_AsDouble(x))

#ifdef __GNUC__
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    #define likely(x)   __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
    #define unlikely(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
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    #define likely(x)   (x)
    #define unlikely(x) (x)
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#else /* __GNUC__ */
  #define likely(x)   (x)
  #define unlikely(x) (x)
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static PyObject *__pyx_m;
static PyObject *__pyx_b;
static PyObject *__pyx_empty_tuple;
static PyObject *__pyx_empty_bytes;
static int __pyx_lineno;
static int __pyx_clineno = 0;
static const char * __pyx_cfilenm= __FILE__;
static const char *__pyx_filename;

#if !defined(CYTHON_CCOMPLEX)
  #if defined(__cplusplus)
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    #define CYTHON_CCOMPLEX 1
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    #define CYTHON_CCOMPLEX 0
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#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX
  #ifdef __cplusplus
    #include <complex>
  #else
    #include <complex.h>
  #endif
#endif
#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX && !defined(__cplusplus) && defined(__sun__) && defined(__GNUC__)
  #undef _Complex_I
  #define _Complex_I 1.0fj
#endif


static const char *__pyx_f[] = {
  "sgd_fast.pyx",
  "numpy.pxd",
  "type.pxd",
  "weight_vector.pxd",
  "seq_dataset.pxd",
};
#define IS_UNSIGNED(type) (((type) -1) > 0)
struct __Pyx_StructField_;
#define __PYX_BUF_FLAGS_PACKED_STRUCT (1 << 0)
typedef struct {
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  struct __Pyx_StructField_* fields;
  size_t size;     /* sizeof(type) */
  size_t arraysize[8]; /* length of array in each dimension */
  int ndim;
  char typegroup; /* _R_eal, _C_omplex, Signed _I_nt, _U_nsigned int, _S_truct, _P_ointer, _O_bject, c_H_ar */
  char is_unsigned;
  int flags;
} __Pyx_TypeInfo;
typedef struct __Pyx_StructField_ {
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typedef struct {
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} __Pyx_BufFmt_StackElem;
typedef struct {
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  __Pyx_BufFmt_StackElem* head;
  size_t fmt_offset;
  size_t new_count, enc_count;
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  int is_complex;
  char enc_type;
  char new_packmode;
  char enc_packmode;
  char is_valid_array;
} __Pyx_BufFmt_Context;


/* "numpy.pxd":723
 * # in Cython to enable them only on the right systems.
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t
 * ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t
 */
typedef npy_int8 __pyx_t_5numpy_int8_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":724
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t
 * ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t
 * ctypedef npy_int64      int64_t
 */
typedef npy_int16 __pyx_t_5numpy_int16_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":725
 * ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t
 * ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t
 * ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_int64      int64_t
 * #ctypedef npy_int96      int96_t
 */
typedef npy_int32 __pyx_t_5numpy_int32_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":726
 * ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t
 * ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t
 * ctypedef npy_int64      int64_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * #ctypedef npy_int96      int96_t
 * #ctypedef npy_int128     int128_t
 */
typedef npy_int64 __pyx_t_5numpy_int64_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":730
 * #ctypedef npy_int128     int128_t
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t
 * ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t
 */
typedef npy_uint8 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint8_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":731
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t
 * ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t
 * ctypedef npy_uint64     uint64_t
 */
typedef npy_uint16 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint16_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":732
 * ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t
 * ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t
 * ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_uint64     uint64_t
 * #ctypedef npy_uint96     uint96_t
 */
typedef npy_uint32 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint32_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":733
 * ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t
 * ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t
 * ctypedef npy_uint64     uint64_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * #ctypedef npy_uint96     uint96_t
 * #ctypedef npy_uint128    uint128_t
 */
typedef npy_uint64 __pyx_t_5numpy_uint64_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":737
 * #ctypedef npy_uint128    uint128_t
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_float32    float32_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_float64    float64_t
 * #ctypedef npy_float80    float80_t
 */
typedef npy_float32 __pyx_t_5numpy_float32_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":738
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_float32    float32_t
 * ctypedef npy_float64    float64_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * #ctypedef npy_float80    float80_t
 * #ctypedef npy_float128   float128_t
 */
typedef npy_float64 __pyx_t_5numpy_float64_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":747
 * # The int types are mapped a bit surprising --
 * # numpy.int corresponds to 'l' and numpy.long to 'q'
 * ctypedef npy_long       int_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_longlong   long_t
 * ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t
 */
typedef npy_long __pyx_t_5numpy_int_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":748
 * # numpy.int corresponds to 'l' and numpy.long to 'q'
 * ctypedef npy_long       int_t
 * ctypedef npy_longlong   long_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t
 * 
 */
typedef npy_longlong __pyx_t_5numpy_long_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":749
 * ctypedef npy_long       int_t
 * ctypedef npy_longlong   long_t
 * ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t
 */
typedef npy_longlong __pyx_t_5numpy_longlong_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":751
 * ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulong_t
 * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t
 */
typedef npy_ulong __pyx_t_5numpy_uint_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":752
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t
 * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulong_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t
 * 
 */
typedef npy_ulonglong __pyx_t_5numpy_ulong_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":753
 * ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t
 * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulong_t
 * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_intp       intp_t
 */
typedef npy_ulonglong __pyx_t_5numpy_ulonglong_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":755
 * ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_intp       intp_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_uintp      uintp_t
 * 
 */
typedef npy_intp __pyx_t_5numpy_intp_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":756
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_intp       intp_t
 * ctypedef npy_uintp      uintp_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_double     float_t
 */
typedef npy_uintp __pyx_t_5numpy_uintp_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":758
 * ctypedef npy_uintp      uintp_t
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_double     float_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_double     double_t
 * ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t
 */
typedef npy_double __pyx_t_5numpy_float_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":759
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_double     float_t
 * ctypedef npy_double     double_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t
 * 
 */
typedef npy_double __pyx_t_5numpy_double_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":760
 * ctypedef npy_double     float_t
 * ctypedef npy_double     double_t
 * ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t
 */
typedef npy_longdouble __pyx_t_5numpy_longdouble_t;

/* "sklearn/utils/weight_vector.pxd":10
 * 
 * 
 * ctypedef np.float64_t DOUBLE             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef np.int32_t INTEGER
 * 
 */
typedef __pyx_t_5numpy_float64_t __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_DOUBLE;

/* "sklearn/utils/weight_vector.pxd":11
 * 
 * ctypedef np.float64_t DOUBLE
 * ctypedef np.int32_t INTEGER             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * 
 */
typedef __pyx_t_5numpy_int32_t __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_INTEGER;

/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":5
 * cimport numpy as np
 * 
 * ctypedef np.float64_t DOUBLE             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef np.int32_t INTEGER
 * 
 */
typedef __pyx_t_5numpy_float64_t __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE;

/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":6
 * 
 * ctypedef np.float64_t DOUBLE
 * ctypedef np.int32_t INTEGER             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * 
 */
typedef __pyx_t_5numpy_int32_t __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER;

/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":25
 * 
 * 
 * ctypedef np.float64_t DOUBLE             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef np.int32_t INTEGER
 * 
 */
typedef __pyx_t_5numpy_float64_t __pyx_t_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_DOUBLE;

/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":26
 * 
 * ctypedef np.float64_t DOUBLE
 * ctypedef np.int32_t INTEGER             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * 
 */
typedef __pyx_t_5numpy_int32_t __pyx_t_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_INTEGER;
#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX
  #ifdef __cplusplus
    typedef ::std::complex< float > __pyx_t_float_complex;
  #else
    typedef float _Complex __pyx_t_float_complex;
  #endif
#else
    typedef struct { float real, imag; } __pyx_t_float_complex;
#endif

#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX
  #ifdef __cplusplus
    typedef ::std::complex< double > __pyx_t_double_complex;
  #else
    typedef double _Complex __pyx_t_double_complex;
  #endif
#else
    typedef struct { double real, imag; } __pyx_t_double_complex;
#endif


/*--- Type declarations ---*/
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_CSRDataset;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_ArrayDataset;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss;
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive;

/* "numpy.pxd":762
 * ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_cdouble     cdouble_t
 * ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t
 */
typedef npy_cfloat __pyx_t_5numpy_cfloat_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":763
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t
 * ctypedef npy_cdouble     cdouble_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t
 * 
 */
typedef npy_cdouble __pyx_t_5numpy_cdouble_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":764
 * ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t
 * ctypedef npy_cdouble     cdouble_t
 * ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_cdouble     complex_t
 */
typedef npy_clongdouble __pyx_t_5numpy_clongdouble_t;

/* "numpy.pxd":766
 * ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t
 * 
 * ctypedef npy_cdouble     complex_t             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 * 
 * cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew1(a):
 */
typedef npy_cdouble __pyx_t_5numpy_complex_t;

/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":46
 * # ----------------------------------------
 * 
 * cdef class LossFunction:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Base class for convex loss functions"""
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction {
  PyObject_HEAD
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction *__pyx_vtab;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":84
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Regression(LossFunction):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Base class for loss functions for regression"""
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction __pyx_base;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":235
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Huber(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Huber regression loss
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
  double c;
};


/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":9
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SequentialDataset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef Py_ssize_t n_samples
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset {
  PyObject_HEAD
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset *__pyx_vtab;
  Py_ssize_t n_samples;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":271
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class EpsilonInsensitive(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Epsilon-Insensitive loss (used by SVR).
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
  double epsilon;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":94
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Classification(LossFunction):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Base class for loss functions for classification"""
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction __pyx_base;
};


/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":34
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class CSRDataset(SequentialDataset):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef int current_index
 *     cdef int stride
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_CSRDataset {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset __pyx_base;
  int current_index;
  int stride;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *X_data_ptr;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER *X_indptr_ptr;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER *X_indices_ptr;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *Y_data_ptr;
  PyArrayObject *feature_indices;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER *feature_indices_ptr;
  PyArrayObject *index;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER *index_data_ptr;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *sample_weight_data;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":198
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Log(Classification):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Logistic regression loss for binary classification with y in {-1, 1}"""
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification __pyx_base;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":134
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Hinge(Classification):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Hinge loss for binary classification tasks with y in {-1,1}
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification __pyx_base;
  double threshold;
};


/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":17
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class ArrayDataset(SequentialDataset):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef Py_ssize_t n_features
 *     cdef int current_index
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_ArrayDataset {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset __pyx_base;
  Py_ssize_t n_features;
  int current_index;
  int stride;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *X_data_ptr;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *Y_data_ptr;
  PyArrayObject *feature_indices;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER *feature_indices_ptr;
  PyArrayObject *index;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER *index_data_ptr;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *sample_weight_data;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":166
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SquaredHinge(LossFunction):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Squared Hinge loss for binary classification tasks with y in {-1,1}
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction __pyx_base;
  double threshold;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":104
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class ModifiedHuber(Classification):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Modified Huber loss for binary classification with y in {-1, 1}
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification __pyx_base;
};


/* "sklearn/utils/weight_vector.pxd":14
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class WeightVector(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef np.ndarray w
 *     cdef DOUBLE *w_data_ptr
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector {
  PyObject_HEAD
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector *__pyx_vtab;
  PyArrayObject *w;
  __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_DOUBLE *w_data_ptr;
  double wscale;
  Py_ssize_t n_features;
  double sq_norm;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":223
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SquaredLoss(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Squared loss traditional used in linear regression."""
 *     cpdef double loss(self, double p, double y):
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
};


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":298
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SquaredEpsilonInsensitive(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Epsilon-Insensitive loss.
 * 
 */
struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive {
  struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
  double epsilon;
};



/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":46
 * # ----------------------------------------
 * 
 * cdef class LossFunction:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Base class for convex loss functions"""
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction {
  double (*loss)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction *, double, double, int __pyx_skip_dispatch);
  double (*dloss)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction *, double, double, int __pyx_skip_dispatch);
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":84
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Regression(LossFunction):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Base class for loss functions for regression"""
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":223
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SquaredLoss(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Squared loss traditional used in linear regression."""
 *     cpdef double loss(self, double p, double y):
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":94
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Classification(LossFunction):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Base class for loss functions for classification"""
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":104
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class ModifiedHuber(Classification):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Modified Huber loss for binary classification with y in {-1, 1}
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":198
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Log(Classification):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Logistic regression loss for binary classification with y in {-1, 1}"""
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":298
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SquaredEpsilonInsensitive(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Epsilon-Insensitive loss.
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive;


/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":9
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SequentialDataset:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef Py_ssize_t n_samples
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset {
  void (*next)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset *, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE **, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_INTEGER **, int *, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_DOUBLE *);
  void (*shuffle)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset *, PyObject *);
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset;


/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":17
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class ArrayDataset(SequentialDataset):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef Py_ssize_t n_features
 *     cdef int current_index
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_ArrayDataset {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_ArrayDataset *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_ArrayDataset;


/* "sklearn/utils/seq_dataset.pxd":34
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class CSRDataset(SequentialDataset):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef int current_index
 *     cdef int stride
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_CSRDataset {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_SequentialDataset __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_CSRDataset *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_5utils_11seq_dataset_CSRDataset;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":271
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class EpsilonInsensitive(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Epsilon-Insensitive loss (used by SVR).
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":166
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class SquaredHinge(LossFunction):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Squared Hinge loss for binary classification tasks with y in {-1,1}
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_LossFunction __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":235
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Huber(Regression):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Huber regression loss
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber;


/* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":134
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class Hinge(Classification):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     """Hinge loss for binary classification tasks with y in {-1,1}
 * 
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge {
  struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification __pyx_base;
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge;


/* "sklearn/utils/weight_vector.pxd":14
 * 
 * 
 * cdef class WeightVector(object):             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *     cdef np.ndarray w
 *     cdef DOUBLE *w_data_ptr
 */

struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector {
  void (*add)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector *, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_DOUBLE *, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_INTEGER *, int, double);
  double (*dot)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector *, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_DOUBLE *, __pyx_t_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_INTEGER *, int);
  void (*scale)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector *, double);
  void (*reset_wscale)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector *);
  double (*norm)(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector *);
};
static struct __pyx_vtabstruct_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector *__pyx_vtabptr_7sklearn_5utils_13weight_vector_WeightVector;
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static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_10Regression_loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_10Regression_2dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Regression *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_14Classification_loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_14Classification_2dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Classification *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_13ModifiedHuber_loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_13ModifiedHuber_2dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_13ModifiedHuber_4__reduce__(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_ModifiedHuber *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
static int __pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Hinge___init__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_threshold); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Hinge_2loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Hinge_4dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Hinge_6__reduce__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Hinge *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
static int __pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_12SquaredHinge___init__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_threshold); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_12SquaredHinge_2loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_12SquaredHinge_4dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_12SquaredHinge_6__reduce__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredHinge *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_3Log_loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_3Log_2dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_3Log_4__reduce__(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Log *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_11SquaredLoss_loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_11SquaredLoss_2dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_11SquaredLoss_4__reduce__(CYTHON_UNUSED struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredLoss *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
static int __pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Huber___init__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_c); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Huber_2loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Huber_4dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_5Huber_6__reduce__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_Huber *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
static int __pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_18EpsilonInsensitive___init__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_epsilon); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_18EpsilonInsensitive_2loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_18EpsilonInsensitive_4dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_18EpsilonInsensitive_6__reduce__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_EpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
static int __pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_25SquaredEpsilonInsensitive___init__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_epsilon); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_25SquaredEpsilonInsensitive_2loss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_25SquaredEpsilonInsensitive_4dloss(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self, double __pyx_v_p, double __pyx_v_y); /* proto */
static PyObject *__pyx_pf_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_25SquaredEpsilonInsensitive_6__reduce__(struct __pyx_obj_7sklearn_12linear_model_8sgd_fast_SquaredEpsilonInsensitive *__pyx_v_self); /* proto */
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 */
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 *             if learning_rate == OPTIMAL:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *                 eta = 1.0 / (alpha * t)
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 *             elif learning_rate == INVSCALING:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
 *                 eta = eta0 / pow(t, power_t)
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 */
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 *                 eta = 1.0 / (alpha * t)
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 */
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 *             if learning_rate == PA1:
 */
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 *                     continue
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 *             elif learning_rate == PA2:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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        /* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":462
 *                 class_weight = weight_neg
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 *                 update = sqnorm(x_data_ptr, x_ind_ptr, xnnz)
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 */
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 * 
 *             if learning_rate == PA1:
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 *                     continue
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 *                 update = min(C, loss.loss(p, y) / update)
 *             elif learning_rate == PA2:
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        /* "sklearn/linear_model/sgd_fast.pyx":466
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 *             elif learning_rate == PA2:
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 *             elif learning_rate == PA2:             # <<<<<<<<<<<<<<
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 */
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 */
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 * 
 *             if learning_rate >= PA1:
 */
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 * 
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 *             if learning_rate >= PA1:
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    m = PyImport_ImportModule((char *)modname);
    if (!m) goto end;
    p = PyObject_GetAttrString(m, (char *)"RefNannyAPI");
    if (!p) goto end;
    r = PyLong_AsVoidPtr(p);
end:
    Py_XDECREF(p);
    Py_XDECREF(m);
    return (__Pyx_RefNannyAPIStruct *)r;
}
#endif /* CYTHON_REFNANNY */

static PyObject *__Pyx_GetName(PyObject *dict, PyObject *name) {
    PyObject *result;
    result = PyObject_GetAttr(dict, name);
    if (!result) {
        if (dict != __pyx_b) {
            PyErr_Clear();
            result = PyObject_GetAttr(__pyx_b, name);
        }
        if (!result) {
            PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_NameError, name);
        }
    }
    return result;
}

static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrRestore(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb) {
#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
    PyObject *tmp_type, *tmp_value, *tmp_tb;
    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
    tmp_type = tstate->curexc_type;
    tmp_value = tstate->curexc_value;
    tmp_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
    tstate->curexc_type = type;
    tstate->curexc_value = value;
    tstate->curexc_traceback = tb;
    Py_XDECREF(tmp_type);
    Py_XDECREF(tmp_value);
    Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
#else
    PyErr_Restore(type, value, tb);
#endif
}
static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ErrFetch(PyObject **type, PyObject **value, PyObject **tb) {
#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
    *type = tstate->curexc_type;
    *value = tstate->curexc_value;
    *tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
    tstate->curexc_type = 0;
    tstate->curexc_value = 0;
    tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
#else
    PyErr_Fetch(type, value, tb);
#endif
}

#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb,
                        CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *cause) {
    Py_XINCREF(type);
    if (!value || value == Py_None)
        value = NULL;
    else
        Py_INCREF(value);
    if (!tb || tb == Py_None)
        tb = NULL;
    else {
        Py_INCREF(tb);
        if (!PyTraceBack_Check(tb)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                "raise: arg 3 must be a traceback or None");
            goto raise_error;
        }
    }
    #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
    if (PyClass_Check(type)) {
    #else
    if (PyType_Check(type)) {
    #endif
#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY
        if (!value) {
            Py_INCREF(Py_None);
            value = Py_None;
        }
#endif
        PyErr_NormalizeException(&type, &value, &tb);
    } else {
        if (value) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                "instance exception may not have a separate value");
            goto raise_error;
        }
        value = type;
        #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
            if (PyInstance_Check(type)) {
                type = (PyObject*) ((PyInstanceObject*)type)->in_class;
                Py_INCREF(type);
            }
            else {
                type = 0;
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                    "raise: exception must be an old-style class or instance");
                goto raise_error;
            }
        #else
            type = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(type);
            Py_INCREF(type);
            if (!PyType_IsSubtype((PyTypeObject *)type, (PyTypeObject *)PyExc_BaseException)) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                    "raise: exception class must be a subclass of BaseException");
                goto raise_error;
            }
        #endif
    }
    __Pyx_ErrRestore(type, value, tb);
    return;
raise_error:
    Py_XDECREF(value);
    Py_XDECREF(type);
    Py_XDECREF(tb);
    return;
}
#else /* Python 3+ */
static void __Pyx_Raise(PyObject *type, PyObject *value, PyObject *tb, PyObject *cause) {
    PyObject* owned_instance = NULL;
    if (tb == Py_None) {
        tb = 0;
    } else if (tb && !PyTraceBack_Check(tb)) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
            "raise: arg 3 must be a traceback or None");
        goto bad;
    }
    if (value == Py_None)
        value = 0;
    if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(type)) {
        if (value) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                "instance exception may not have a separate value");
            goto bad;
        }
        value = type;
        type = (PyObject*) Py_TYPE(value);
    } else if (PyExceptionClass_Check(type)) {
        PyObject *args;
        if (!value)
            args = PyTuple_New(0);
        else if (PyTuple_Check(value)) {
            Py_INCREF(value);
            args = value;
        }
        else
            args = PyTuple_Pack(1, value);
        if (!args)
            goto bad;
        owned_instance = PyEval_CallObject(type, args);
        Py_DECREF(args);
        if (!owned_instance)
            goto bad;
        value = owned_instance;
        if (!PyExceptionInstance_Check(value)) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                         "calling %R should have returned an instance of "
                         "BaseException, not %R",
                         type, Py_TYPE(value));
            goto bad;
        }
    } else {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
            "raise: exception class must be a subclass of BaseException");
        goto bad;
    }
    if (cause && cause != Py_None) {
        PyObject *fixed_cause;
        if (PyExceptionClass_Check(cause)) {
            fixed_cause = PyObject_CallObject(cause, NULL);
            if (fixed_cause == NULL)
                goto bad;
        }
        else if (PyExceptionInstance_Check(cause)) {
            fixed_cause = cause;
            Py_INCREF(fixed_cause);
        }
        else {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                            "exception causes must derive from "
                            "BaseException");
            goto bad;
        }
        PyException_SetCause(value, fixed_cause);
    }
    PyErr_SetObject(type, value);
    if (tb) {
        PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
        PyObject* tmp_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
        if (tb != tmp_tb) {
            Py_INCREF(tb);
            tstate->curexc_traceback = tb;
            Py_XDECREF(tmp_tb);
        }
    }
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(owned_instance);
    return;
}
#endif

static void __Pyx_RaiseArgtupleInvalid(
    const char* func_name,
    int exact,
    Py_ssize_t num_min,
    Py_ssize_t num_max,
    Py_ssize_t num_found)
{
    Py_ssize_t num_expected;
    const char *more_or_less;
    if (num_found < num_min) {
        num_expected = num_min;
        more_or_less = "at least";
    } else {
        num_expected = num_max;
        more_or_less = "at most";
    }
    if (exact) {
        more_or_less = "exactly";
    }
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                 "%s() takes %s %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d positional argument%s (%" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d given)",
                 func_name, more_or_less, num_expected,
                 (num_expected == 1) ? "" : "s", num_found);
}

static void __Pyx_RaiseDoubleKeywordsError(
    const char* func_name,
    PyObject* kw_name)
{
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
        "%s() got multiple values for keyword argument '%U'", func_name, kw_name);
        #else
        "%s() got multiple values for keyword argument '%s'", func_name,
        PyString_AsString(kw_name));
        #endif
}

static int __Pyx_ParseOptionalKeywords(
    PyObject *kwds,
    PyObject **argnames[],
    PyObject *kwds2,
    PyObject *values[],
    Py_ssize_t num_pos_args,
    const char* function_name)
{
    PyObject *key = 0, *value = 0;
    Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
    PyObject*** name;
    PyObject*** first_kw_arg = argnames + num_pos_args;
    while (PyDict_Next(kwds, &pos, &key, &value)) {
        name = first_kw_arg;
        while (*name && (**name != key)) name++;
        if (*name) {
            values[name-argnames] = value;
            continue;
        }
        name = first_kw_arg;
        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
        if (likely(PyString_CheckExact(key)) || likely(PyString_Check(key))) {
            while (*name) {
                if ((CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY || PyString_GET_SIZE(**name) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key))
                        && _PyString_Eq(**name, key)) {
                    values[name-argnames] = value;
                    break;
                }
                name++;
            }
            if (*name) continue;
            else {
                PyObject*** argname = argnames;
                while (argname != first_kw_arg) {
                    if ((**argname == key) || (
                            (CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY || PyString_GET_SIZE(**argname) == PyString_GET_SIZE(key))
                             && _PyString_Eq(**argname, key))) {
                        goto arg_passed_twice;
                    }
                    argname++;
                }
            }
        } else
        #endif
        if (likely(PyUnicode_Check(key))) {
            while (*name) {
                int cmp = (**name == key) ? 0 :
                #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
                    (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**name) != PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key)) ? 1 :
                #endif
                    PyUnicode_Compare(**name, key);
                if (cmp < 0 && unlikely(PyErr_Occurred())) goto bad;
                if (cmp == 0) {
                    values[name-argnames] = value;
                    break;
                }
                name++;
            }
            if (*name) continue;
            else {
                PyObject*** argname = argnames;
                while (argname != first_kw_arg) {
                    int cmp = (**argname == key) ? 0 :
                    #if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
                        (PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(**argname) != PyUnicode_GET_SIZE(key)) ? 1 :
                    #endif
                        PyUnicode_Compare(**argname, key);
                    if (cmp < 0 && unlikely(PyErr_Occurred())) goto bad;
                    if (cmp == 0) goto arg_passed_twice;
                    argname++;
                }
            }
        } else
            goto invalid_keyword_type;
        if (kwds2) {
            if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItem(kwds2, key, value))) goto bad;
        } else {
            goto invalid_keyword;
        }
    }
    return 0;
arg_passed_twice:
    __Pyx_RaiseDoubleKeywordsError(function_name, key);
    goto bad;
invalid_keyword_type:
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
        "%s() keywords must be strings", function_name);
    goto bad;
invalid_keyword:
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
        "%s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'",
        function_name, PyString_AsString(key));
    #else
        "%s() got an unexpected keyword argument '%U'",
        function_name, key);
    #endif
bad:
    return -1;
}

static int __Pyx_ArgTypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type, int none_allowed,
    const char *name, int exact)
{
    if (!type) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
        return 0;
    }
    if (none_allowed && obj == Py_None) return 1;
    else if (exact) {
        if (Py_TYPE(obj) == type) return 1;
    }
    else {
        if (PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type)) return 1;
    }
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
        "Argument '%s' has incorrect type (expected %s, got %s)",
        name, type->tp_name, Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
    return 0;
}

static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_IsLittleEndian(void) {
  unsigned int n = 1;
  return *(unsigned char*)(&n) != 0;
}
static void __Pyx_BufFmt_Init(__Pyx_BufFmt_Context* ctx,
                              __Pyx_BufFmt_StackElem* stack,
                              __Pyx_TypeInfo* type) {
  stack[0].field = &ctx->root;
  stack[0].parent_offset = 0;
  ctx->root.type = type;
  ctx->root.name = "buffer dtype";
  ctx->root.offset = 0;
  ctx->head = stack;
  ctx->head->field = &ctx->root;
  ctx->fmt_offset = 0;
  ctx->head->parent_offset = 0;
  ctx->new_packmode = '@';
  ctx->enc_packmode = '@';
  ctx->new_count = 1;
  ctx->enc_count = 0;
  ctx->enc_type = 0;
  ctx->is_complex = 0;
  ctx->is_valid_array = 0;
  ctx->struct_alignment = 0;
  while (type->typegroup == 'S') {
    ++ctx->head;
    ctx->head->field = type->fields;
    ctx->head->parent_offset = 0;
    type = type->fields->type;
  }
}
static int __Pyx_BufFmt_ParseNumber(const char** ts) {
    int count;
    const char* t = *ts;
    if (*t < '0' || *t > '9') {
      return -1;
    } else {
        count = *t++ - '0';
        while (*t >= '0' && *t < '9') {
            count *= 10;
            count += *t++ - '0';
        }
    }
    *ts = t;
    return count;
}
static int __Pyx_BufFmt_ExpectNumber(const char **ts) {
    int number = __Pyx_BufFmt_ParseNumber(ts);
    if (number == -1) /* First char was not a digit */
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,\
                     "Does not understand character buffer dtype format string ('%c')", **ts);
    return number;
}
static void __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseUnexpectedChar(char ch) {
  PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
               "Unexpected format string character: '%c'", ch);
}
static const char* __Pyx_BufFmt_DescribeTypeChar(char ch, int is_complex) {
  switch (ch) {
    case 'c': return "'char'";
    case 'b': return "'signed char'";
    case 'B': return "'unsigned char'";
    case 'h': return "'short'";
    case 'H': return "'unsigned short'";
    case 'i': return "'int'";
    case 'I': return "'unsigned int'";
    case 'l': return "'long'";
    case 'L': return "'unsigned long'";
    case 'q': return "'long long'";
    case 'Q': return "'unsigned long long'";
    case 'f': return (is_complex ? "'complex float'" : "'float'");
    case 'd': return (is_complex ? "'complex double'" : "'double'");
    case 'g': return (is_complex ? "'complex long double'" : "'long double'");
    case 'T': return "a struct";
    case 'O': return "Python object";
    case 'P': return "a pointer";
    case 's': case 'p': return "a string";
    case 0: return "end";
    default: return "unparseable format string";
  }
}
static size_t __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToStandardSize(char ch, int is_complex) {
  switch (ch) {
    case '?': case 'c': case 'b': case 'B': case 's': case 'p': return 1;
    case 'h': case 'H': return 2;
    case 'i': case 'I': case 'l': case 'L': return 4;
    case 'q': case 'Q': return 8;
    case 'f': return (is_complex ? 8 : 4);
    case 'd': return (is_complex ? 16 : 8);
    case 'g': {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Python does not define a standard format string size for long double ('g')..");
      return 0;
    }
    case 'O': case 'P': return sizeof(void*);
    default:
      __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseUnexpectedChar(ch);
      return 0;
    }
}
static size_t __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToNativeSize(char ch, int is_complex) {
  switch (ch) {
    case 'c': case 'b': case 'B': case 's': case 'p': return 1;
    case 'h': case 'H': return sizeof(short);
    case 'i': case 'I': return sizeof(int);
    case 'l': case 'L': return sizeof(long);
    #ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
    case 'q': case 'Q': return sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG);
    #endif
    case 'f': return sizeof(float) * (is_complex ? 2 : 1);
    case 'd': return sizeof(double) * (is_complex ? 2 : 1);
    case 'g': return sizeof(long double) * (is_complex ? 2 : 1);
    case 'O': case 'P': return sizeof(void*);
    default: {
      __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseUnexpectedChar(ch);
      return 0;
    }
  }
}
typedef struct { char c; short x; } __Pyx_st_short;
typedef struct { char c; int x; } __Pyx_st_int;
typedef struct { char c; long x; } __Pyx_st_long;
typedef struct { char c; float x; } __Pyx_st_float;
typedef struct { char c; double x; } __Pyx_st_double;
typedef struct { char c; long double x; } __Pyx_st_longdouble;
typedef struct { char c; void *x; } __Pyx_st_void_p;
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
typedef struct { char c; PY_LONG_LONG x; } __Pyx_st_longlong;
#endif
static size_t __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToAlignment(char ch, CYTHON_UNUSED int is_complex) {
  switch (ch) {
    case '?': case 'c': case 'b': case 'B': case 's': case 'p': return 1;
    case 'h': case 'H': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_short) - sizeof(short);
    case 'i': case 'I': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_int) - sizeof(int);
    case 'l': case 'L': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_long) - sizeof(long);
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
    case 'q': case 'Q': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_longlong) - sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG);
#endif
    case 'f': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_float) - sizeof(float);
    case 'd': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_double) - sizeof(double);
    case 'g': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_longdouble) - sizeof(long double);
    case 'P': case 'O': return sizeof(__Pyx_st_void_p) - sizeof(void*);
    default:
      __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseUnexpectedChar(ch);
      return 0;
    }
}
/* These are for computing the padding at the end of the struct to align
   on the first member of the struct. This will probably the same as above,
   but we don't have any guarantees.
 */
typedef struct { short x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_short;
typedef struct { int x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_int;
typedef struct { long x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_long;
typedef struct { float x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_float;
typedef struct { double x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_double;
typedef struct { long double x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_longdouble;
typedef struct { void *x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_void_p;
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
typedef struct { PY_LONG_LONG x; char c; } __Pyx_pad_longlong;
#endif
static size_t __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToPadding(char ch, CYTHON_UNUSED int is_complex) {
  switch (ch) {
    case '?': case 'c': case 'b': case 'B': case 's': case 'p': return 1;
    case 'h': case 'H': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_short) - sizeof(short);
    case 'i': case 'I': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_int) - sizeof(int);
    case 'l': case 'L': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_long) - sizeof(long);
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
    case 'q': case 'Q': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_longlong) - sizeof(PY_LONG_LONG);
#endif
    case 'f': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_float) - sizeof(float);
    case 'd': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_double) - sizeof(double);
    case 'g': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_longdouble) - sizeof(long double);
    case 'P': case 'O': return sizeof(__Pyx_pad_void_p) - sizeof(void*);
    default:
      __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseUnexpectedChar(ch);
      return 0;
    }
}
static char __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToGroup(char ch, int is_complex) {
  switch (ch) {
    case 'c':
        return 'H';
    case 'b': case 'h': case 'i':
    case 'l': case 'q': case 's': case 'p':
        return 'I';
    case 'B': case 'H': case 'I': case 'L': case 'Q':
        return 'U';
    case 'f': case 'd': case 'g':
        return (is_complex ? 'C' : 'R');
    case 'O':
        return 'O';
    case 'P':
        return 'P';
    default: {
      __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseUnexpectedChar(ch);
      return 0;
    }
  }
}
static void __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseExpected(__Pyx_BufFmt_Context* ctx) {
  if (ctx->head == NULL || ctx->head->field == &ctx->root) {
    const char* expected;
    const char* quote;
    if (ctx->head == NULL) {
      expected = "end";
      quote = "";
    } else {
      expected = ctx->head->field->type->name;
      quote = "'";
    }
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                 "Buffer dtype mismatch, expected %s%s%s but got %s",
                 quote, expected, quote,
                 __Pyx_BufFmt_DescribeTypeChar(ctx->enc_type, ctx->is_complex));
  } else {
    __Pyx_StructField* field = ctx->head->field;
    __Pyx_StructField* parent = (ctx->head - 1)->field;
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                 "Buffer dtype mismatch, expected '%s' but got %s in '%s.%s'",
                 field->type->name, __Pyx_BufFmt_DescribeTypeChar(ctx->enc_type, ctx->is_complex),
                 parent->type->name, field->name);
  }
}
static int __Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(__Pyx_BufFmt_Context* ctx) {
  char group;
  size_t size, offset, arraysize = 1;
  if (ctx->enc_type == 0) return 0;
  if (ctx->head->field->type->arraysize[0]) {
    int i, ndim = 0;
    if (ctx->enc_type == 's' || ctx->enc_type == 'p') {
        ctx->is_valid_array = ctx->head->field->type->ndim == 1;
        ndim = 1;
        if (ctx->enc_count != ctx->head->field->type->arraysize[0]) {
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                         "Expected a dimension of size %zu, got %zu",
                         ctx->head->field->type->arraysize[0], ctx->enc_count);
            return -1;
        }
    }
    if (!ctx->is_valid_array) {
      PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Expected %d dimensions, got %d",
                   ctx->head->field->type->ndim, ndim);
      return -1;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < ctx->head->field->type->ndim; i++) {
      arraysize *= ctx->head->field->type->arraysize[i];
    }
    ctx->is_valid_array = 0;
    ctx->enc_count = 1;
  }
  group = __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToGroup(ctx->enc_type, ctx->is_complex);
  do {
    __Pyx_StructField* field = ctx->head->field;
    __Pyx_TypeInfo* type = field->type;
    if (ctx->enc_packmode == '@' || ctx->enc_packmode == '^') {
      size = __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToNativeSize(ctx->enc_type, ctx->is_complex);
    } else {
      size = __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToStandardSize(ctx->enc_type, ctx->is_complex);
    }
    if (ctx->enc_packmode == '@') {
      size_t align_at = __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToAlignment(ctx->enc_type, ctx->is_complex);
      size_t align_mod_offset;
      if (align_at == 0) return -1;
      align_mod_offset = ctx->fmt_offset % align_at;
      if (align_mod_offset > 0) ctx->fmt_offset += align_at - align_mod_offset;
      if (ctx->struct_alignment == 0)
          ctx->struct_alignment = __Pyx_BufFmt_TypeCharToPadding(ctx->enc_type,
                                                                 ctx->is_complex);
    }
    if (type->size != size || type->typegroup != group) {
      if (type->typegroup == 'C' && type->fields != NULL) {
        size_t parent_offset = ctx->head->parent_offset + field->offset;
        ++ctx->head;
        ctx->head->field = type->fields;
        ctx->head->parent_offset = parent_offset;
        continue;
      }
      if ((type->typegroup == 'H' || group == 'H') && type->size == size) {
      } else {
          __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseExpected(ctx);
          return -1;
      }
    }
    offset = ctx->head->parent_offset + field->offset;
    if (ctx->fmt_offset != offset) {
      PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                   "Buffer dtype mismatch; next field is at offset %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d but %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d expected",
                   (Py_ssize_t)ctx->fmt_offset, (Py_ssize_t)offset);
      return -1;
    }
    ctx->fmt_offset += size;
    if (arraysize)
      ctx->fmt_offset += (arraysize - 1) * size;
    --ctx->enc_count; /* Consume from buffer string */
    while (1) {
      if (field == &ctx->root) {
        ctx->head = NULL;
        if (ctx->enc_count != 0) {
          __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseExpected(ctx);
          return -1;
        }
        break; /* breaks both loops as ctx->enc_count == 0 */
      }
      ctx->head->field = ++field;
      if (field->type == NULL) {
        --ctx->head;
        field = ctx->head->field;
        continue;
      } else if (field->type->typegroup == 'S') {
        size_t parent_offset = ctx->head->parent_offset + field->offset;
        if (field->type->fields->type == NULL) continue; /* empty struct */
        field = field->type->fields;
        ++ctx->head;
        ctx->head->field = field;
        ctx->head->parent_offset = parent_offset;
        break;
      } else {
        break;
      }
    }
  } while (ctx->enc_count);
  ctx->enc_type = 0;
  ctx->is_complex = 0;
  return 0;
}
static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject *
__pyx_buffmt_parse_array(__Pyx_BufFmt_Context* ctx, const char** tsp)
{
    const char *ts = *tsp;
    int i = 0, number;
    int ndim = ctx->head->field->type->ndim;
;
    ++ts;
    if (ctx->new_count != 1) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                        "Cannot handle repeated arrays in format string");
        return NULL;
    }
    if (__Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(ctx) == -1) return NULL;
    while (*ts && *ts != ')') {
        if (isspace(*ts))
            continue;
        number = __Pyx_BufFmt_ExpectNumber(&ts);
        if (number == -1) return NULL;
        if (i < ndim && (size_t) number != ctx->head->field->type->arraysize[i])
            return PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                        "Expected a dimension of size %zu, got %d",
                        ctx->head->field->type->arraysize[i], number);
        if (*ts != ',' && *ts != ')')
            return PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                                "Expected a comma in format string, got '%c'", *ts);
        if (*ts == ',') ts++;
        i++;
    }
    if (i != ndim)
        return PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Expected %d dimension(s), got %d",
                            ctx->head->field->type->ndim, i);
    if (!*ts) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                        "Unexpected end of format string, expected ')'");
        return NULL;
    }
    ctx->is_valid_array = 1;
    ctx->new_count = 1;
    *tsp = ++ts;
    return Py_None;
}
static const char* __Pyx_BufFmt_CheckString(__Pyx_BufFmt_Context* ctx, const char* ts) {
  int got_Z = 0;
  while (1) {
    switch(*ts) {
      case 0:
        if (ctx->enc_type != 0 && ctx->head == NULL) {
          __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseExpected(ctx);
          return NULL;
        }
        if (__Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(ctx) == -1) return NULL;
        if (ctx->head != NULL) {
          __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseExpected(ctx);
          return NULL;
        }
                return ts;
      case ' ':
      case 10:
      case 13:
        ++ts;
        break;
      case '<':
        if (!__Pyx_IsLittleEndian()) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Little-endian buffer not supported on big-endian compiler");
          return NULL;
        }
        ctx->new_packmode = '=';
        ++ts;
        break;
      case '>':
      case '!':
        if (__Pyx_IsLittleEndian()) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Big-endian buffer not supported on little-endian compiler");
          return NULL;
        }
        ctx->new_packmode = '=';
        ++ts;
        break;
      case '=':
      case '@':
      case '^':
        ctx->new_packmode = *ts++;
        break;
      case 'T': /* substruct */
        {
          const char* ts_after_sub;
          size_t i, struct_count = ctx->new_count;
          size_t struct_alignment = ctx->struct_alignment;
          ctx->new_count = 1;
          ++ts;
          if (*ts != '{') {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Buffer acquisition: Expected '{' after 'T'");
            return NULL;
          }
          if (__Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(ctx) == -1) return NULL;
          ctx->enc_type = 0; /* Erase processed last struct element */
          ctx->enc_count = 0;
          ctx->struct_alignment = 0;
          ++ts;
          ts_after_sub = ts;
          for (i = 0; i != struct_count; ++i) {
            ts_after_sub = __Pyx_BufFmt_CheckString(ctx, ts);
            if (!ts_after_sub) return NULL;
          }
          ts = ts_after_sub;
          if (struct_alignment) ctx->struct_alignment = struct_alignment;
        }
        break;
      case '}': /* end of substruct; either repeat or move on */
        {
          size_t alignment = ctx->struct_alignment;
          ++ts;
          if (__Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(ctx) == -1) return NULL;
          ctx->enc_type = 0; /* Erase processed last struct element */
          if (alignment && ctx->fmt_offset % alignment) {
            ctx->fmt_offset += alignment - (ctx->fmt_offset % alignment);
          }
        }
        return ts;
      case 'x':
        if (__Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(ctx) == -1) return NULL;
        ctx->fmt_offset += ctx->new_count;
        ctx->new_count = 1;
        ctx->enc_count = 0;
        ctx->enc_type = 0;
        ctx->enc_packmode = ctx->new_packmode;
        ++ts;
        break;
      case 'Z':
        got_Z = 1;
        ++ts;
        if (*ts != 'f' && *ts != 'd' && *ts != 'g') {
          __Pyx_BufFmt_RaiseUnexpectedChar('Z');
          return NULL;
        }        /* fall through */
      case 'c': case 'b': case 'B': case 'h': case 'H': case 'i': case 'I':
      case 'l': case 'L': case 'q': case 'Q':
      case 'f': case 'd': case 'g':
      case 'O': case 's': case 'p':
        if (ctx->enc_type == *ts && got_Z == ctx->is_complex &&
            ctx->enc_packmode == ctx->new_packmode) {
          ctx->enc_count += ctx->new_count;
        } else {
          if (__Pyx_BufFmt_ProcessTypeChunk(ctx) == -1) return NULL;
          ctx->enc_count = ctx->new_count;
          ctx->enc_packmode = ctx->new_packmode;
          ctx->enc_type = *ts;
          ctx->is_complex = got_Z;
        }
        ++ts;
        ctx->new_count = 1;
        got_Z = 0;
        break;
      case ':':
        ++ts;
        while(*ts != ':') ++ts;
        ++ts;
        break;
      case '(':
        if (!__pyx_buffmt_parse_array(ctx, &ts)) return NULL;
        break;
      default:
        {
          int number = __Pyx_BufFmt_ExpectNumber(&ts);
          if (number == -1) return NULL;
          ctx->new_count = (size_t)number;
        }
    }
  }
}
static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_ZeroBuffer(Py_buffer* buf) {
  buf->buf = NULL;
  buf->obj = NULL;
  buf->strides = __Pyx_zeros;
  buf->shape = __Pyx_zeros;
  buf->suboffsets = __Pyx_minusones;
}
static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_GetBufferAndValidate(
        Py_buffer* buf, PyObject* obj,  __Pyx_TypeInfo* dtype, int flags,
        int nd, int cast, __Pyx_BufFmt_StackElem* stack)
{
  if (obj == Py_None || obj == NULL) {
    __Pyx_ZeroBuffer(buf);
    return 0;
  }
  buf->buf = NULL;
  if (__Pyx_GetBuffer(obj, buf, flags) == -1) goto fail;
  if (buf->ndim != nd) {
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                 "Buffer has wrong number of dimensions (expected %d, got %d)",
                 nd, buf->ndim);
    goto fail;
  }
  if (!cast) {
    __Pyx_BufFmt_Context ctx;
    __Pyx_BufFmt_Init(&ctx, stack, dtype);
    if (!__Pyx_BufFmt_CheckString(&ctx, buf->format)) goto fail;
  }
  if ((unsigned)buf->itemsize != dtype->size) {
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
      "Item size of buffer (%" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d byte%s) does not match size of '%s' (%" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d byte%s)",
      buf->itemsize, (buf->itemsize > 1) ? "s" : "",
      dtype->name, (Py_ssize_t)dtype->size, (dtype->size > 1) ? "s" : "");
    goto fail;
  }
  if (buf->suboffsets == NULL) buf->suboffsets = __Pyx_minusones;
  return 0;
fail:;
  __Pyx_ZeroBuffer(buf);
  return -1;
}
static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_SafeReleaseBuffer(Py_buffer* info) {
  if (info->buf == NULL) return;
  if (info->suboffsets == __Pyx_minusones) info->suboffsets = NULL;
  __Pyx_ReleaseBuffer(info);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_TypeTest(PyObject *obj, PyTypeObject *type) {
    if (unlikely(!type)) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_SystemError, "Missing type object");
        return 0;
    }
    if (likely(PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, type)))
        return 1;
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Cannot convert %.200s to %.200s",
                 Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name, type->tp_name);
    return 0;
}

static void __Pyx_RaiseBufferFallbackError(void) {
  PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
     "Buffer acquisition failed on assignment; and then reacquiring the old buffer failed too!");
}

static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(Py_ssize_t expected) {
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                 "too many values to unpack (expected %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d)", expected);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseNeedMoreValuesError(Py_ssize_t index) {
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
                 "need more than %" CYTHON_FORMAT_SSIZE_T "d value%s to unpack",
                 index, (index == 1) ? "" : "s");
}

static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseNoneNotIterableError(void) {
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "'NoneType' object is not iterable");
}

static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_IterFinish(void) {
#if CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_CPYTHON
    PyThreadState *tstate = PyThreadState_GET();
    PyObject* exc_type = tstate->curexc_type;
    if (unlikely(exc_type)) {
        if (likely(exc_type == PyExc_StopIteration) || PyErr_GivenExceptionMatches(exc_type, PyExc_StopIteration)) {
            PyObject *exc_value, *exc_tb;
            exc_value = tstate->curexc_value;
            exc_tb = tstate->curexc_traceback;
            tstate->curexc_type = 0;
            tstate->curexc_value = 0;
            tstate->curexc_traceback = 0;
            Py_DECREF(exc_type);
            Py_XDECREF(exc_value);
            Py_XDECREF(exc_tb);
            return 0;
        } else {
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
#else
    if (unlikely(PyErr_Occurred())) {
        if (likely(PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_StopIteration))) {
            PyErr_Clear();
            return 0;
        } else {
            return -1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
#endif
}

static int __Pyx_IternextUnpackEndCheck(PyObject *retval, Py_ssize_t expected) {
    if (unlikely(retval)) {
        Py_DECREF(retval);
        __Pyx_RaiseTooManyValuesError(expected);
        return -1;
    } else {
        return __Pyx_IterFinish();
    }
    return 0;
}

#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
static int __Pyx_GetBuffer(PyObject *obj, Py_buffer *view, int flags) {
    CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *getbuffer_cobj;
  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
    if (PyObject_CheckBuffer(obj)) return PyObject_GetBuffer(obj, view, flags);
  #endif
        if (PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, __pyx_ptype_5numpy_ndarray)) return __pyx_pw_5numpy_7ndarray_1__getbuffer__(obj, view, flags);
  #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000
    if (obj->ob_type->tp_dict &&
        (getbuffer_cobj = PyMapping_GetItemString(obj->ob_type->tp_dict,
                                             "__pyx_getbuffer"))) {
        getbufferproc func;
      #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02070000 && !(PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 3 && PY_MINOR_VERSION == 0)
        func = (getbufferproc) PyCapsule_GetPointer(getbuffer_cobj, "getbuffer(obj, view, flags)");
      #else
        func = (getbufferproc) PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(getbuffer_cobj);
      #endif
        Py_DECREF(getbuffer_cobj);
        if (!func)
            goto fail;
        return func(obj, view, flags);
    } else {
        PyErr_Clear();
    }
  #endif
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "'%100s' does not have the buffer interface", Py_TYPE(obj)->tp_name);
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000
fail:
#endif
    return -1;
}
static void __Pyx_ReleaseBuffer(Py_buffer *view) {
    PyObject *obj = view->obj;
    CYTHON_UNUSED PyObject *releasebuffer_cobj;
    if (!obj) return;
  #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02060000
    if (PyObject_CheckBuffer(obj)) {
        PyBuffer_Release(view);
        return;
    }
  #endif
        if (PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, __pyx_ptype_5numpy_ndarray)) { __pyx_pw_5numpy_7ndarray_3__releasebuffer__(obj, view); return; }
  #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000
    if (obj->ob_type->tp_dict &&
        (releasebuffer_cobj = PyMapping_GetItemString(obj->ob_type->tp_dict,
                                                      "__pyx_releasebuffer"))) {
        releasebufferproc func;
      #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02070000 && !(PY_MAJOR_VERSION == 3 && PY_MINOR_VERSION == 0)
        func = (releasebufferproc) PyCapsule_GetPointer(releasebuffer_cobj, "releasebuffer(obj, view)");
      #else
        func = (releasebufferproc) PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(releasebuffer_cobj);
      #endif
        Py_DECREF(releasebuffer_cobj);
        if (!func)
            goto fail;
        func(obj, view);
        return;
    } else {
        PyErr_Clear();
    }
  #endif
    goto nofail;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02060000
fail:
#endif
    PyErr_WriteUnraisable(obj);
nofail:
    Py_DECREF(obj);
    view->obj = NULL;
}
#endif /*  PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3 */


    static PyObject *__Pyx_Import(PyObject *name, PyObject *from_list, long level) {
    PyObject *py_import = 0;
    PyObject *empty_list = 0;
    PyObject *module = 0;
    PyObject *global_dict = 0;
    PyObject *empty_dict = 0;
    PyObject *list;
    py_import = __Pyx_GetAttrString(__pyx_b, "__import__");
    if (!py_import)
        goto bad;
    if (from_list)
        list = from_list;
    else {
        empty_list = PyList_New(0);
        if (!empty_list)
            goto bad;
        list = empty_list;
    }
    global_dict = PyModule_GetDict(__pyx_m);
    if (!global_dict)
        goto bad;
    empty_dict = PyDict_New();
    if (!empty_dict)
        goto bad;
    #if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02050000
    {
        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
        if (level == -1) {
            if (strchr(__Pyx_MODULE_NAME, '.')) {
                /* try package relative import first */
                PyObject *py_level = PyInt_FromLong(1);
                if (!py_level)
                    goto bad;
                module = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(py_import,
                    name, global_dict, empty_dict, list, py_level, NULL);
                Py_DECREF(py_level);
                if (!module) {
                    if (!PyErr_ExceptionMatches(PyExc_ImportError))
                        goto bad;
                    PyErr_Clear();
                }
            }
            level = 0; /* try absolute import on failure */
        }
        #endif
        if (!module) {
            PyObject *py_level = PyInt_FromLong(level);
            if (!py_level)
                goto bad;
            module = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(py_import,
                name, global_dict, empty_dict, list, py_level, NULL);
            Py_DECREF(py_level);
        }
    }
    #else
    if (level>0) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Relative import is not supported for Python <=2.4.");
        goto bad;
    }
    module = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(py_import,
        name, global_dict, empty_dict, list, NULL);
    #endif
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(empty_list);
    Py_XDECREF(py_import);
    Py_XDECREF(empty_dict);
    return module;
}

static CYTHON_INLINE void __Pyx_RaiseImportError(PyObject *name) {
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ImportError, "cannot import name %.230s",
                 PyString_AsString(name));
#else
    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ImportError, "cannot import name %S", name);
#endif
}

#if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
static PyObject *__Pyx_GetStdout(void) {
    PyObject *f = PySys_GetObject((char *)"stdout");
    if (!f) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "lost sys.stdout");
    }
    return f;
}
static int __Pyx_Print(PyObject* f, PyObject *arg_tuple, int newline) {
    int i;
    if (!f) {
        if (!(f = __Pyx_GetStdout()))
            return -1;
    }
    Py_INCREF(f);
    for (i=0; i < PyTuple_GET_SIZE(arg_tuple); i++) {
        PyObject* v;
        if (PyFile_SoftSpace(f, 1)) {
            if (PyFile_WriteString(" ", f) < 0)
                goto error;
        }
        v = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(arg_tuple, i);
        if (PyFile_WriteObject(v, f, Py_PRINT_RAW) < 0)
            goto error;
        if (PyString_Check(v)) {
            char *s = PyString_AsString(v);
            Py_ssize_t len = PyString_Size(v);
            if (len > 0 &&
                isspace(Py_CHARMASK(s[len-1])) &&
                s[len-1] != ' ')
                    PyFile_SoftSpace(f, 0);
        }
    }
    if (newline) {
        if (PyFile_WriteString("\n", f) < 0)
            goto error;
        PyFile_SoftSpace(f, 0);
    }
    Py_DECREF(f);
    return 0;
error:
    Py_DECREF(f);
    return -1;
}
#else /* Python 3 has a print function */
static int __Pyx_Print(PyObject* stream, PyObject *arg_tuple, int newline) {
    PyObject* kwargs = 0;
    PyObject* result = 0;
    PyObject* end_string;
    if (unlikely(!__pyx_print)) {
        __pyx_print = __Pyx_GetAttrString(__pyx_b, "print");
        if (!__pyx_print)
            return -1;
    }
    if (stream) {
        kwargs = PyDict_New();
        if (unlikely(!kwargs))
            return -1;
        if (unlikely(PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "file", stream) < 0))
            goto bad;
        if (!newline) {
            end_string = PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(" ", 1);
            if (unlikely(!end_string))
                goto bad;
            if (PyDict_SetItemString(kwargs, "end", end_string) < 0) {
                Py_DECREF(end_string);
                goto bad;
            }
            Py_DECREF(end_string);
        }
    } else if (!newline) {
        if (unlikely(!__pyx_print_kwargs)) {
            __pyx_print_kwargs = PyDict_New();
            if (unlikely(!__pyx_print_kwargs))
                return -1;
            end_string = PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(" ", 1);
            if (unlikely(!end_string))
                return -1;
            if (PyDict_SetItemString(__pyx_print_kwargs, "end", end_string) < 0) {
                Py_DECREF(end_string);
                return -1;
            }
            Py_DECREF(end_string);
        }
        kwargs = __pyx_print_kwargs;
    }
    result = PyObject_Call(__pyx_print, arg_tuple, kwargs);
    if (unlikely(kwargs) && (kwargs != __pyx_print_kwargs))
        Py_DECREF(kwargs);
    if (!result)
        return -1;
    Py_DECREF(result);
    return 0;
bad:
    if (kwargs != __pyx_print_kwargs)
        Py_XDECREF(kwargs);
    return -1;
}
#endif

#if !CYTHON_COMPILING_IN_PYPY && PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
static int __Pyx_PrintOne(PyObject* f, PyObject *o) {
    if (!f) {
        if (!(f = __Pyx_GetStdout()))
            return -1;
    }
    Py_INCREF(f);
    if (PyFile_SoftSpace(f, 0)) {
        if (PyFile_WriteString(" ", f) < 0)
            goto error;
    }
    if (PyFile_WriteObject(o, f, Py_PRINT_RAW) < 0)
        goto error;
    if (PyFile_WriteString("\n", f) < 0)
        goto error;
    Py_DECREF(f);
    return 0;
error:
    Py_DECREF(f);
    return -1;
    /* the line below is just to avoid C compiler
     * warnings about unused functions */
    return __Pyx_Print(f, NULL, 0);
}
#else /* Python 3 has a print function */
static int __Pyx_PrintOne(PyObject* stream, PyObject *o) {
    int res;
    PyObject* arg_tuple = PyTuple_Pack(1, o);
    if (unlikely(!arg_tuple))
        return -1;
    res = __Pyx_Print(stream, arg_tuple, 1);
    Py_DECREF(arg_tuple);
    return res;
}
#endif

#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX
  #ifdef __cplusplus
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __pyx_t_float_complex_from_parts(float x, float y) {
      return ::std::complex< float >(x, y);
    }
  #else
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __pyx_t_float_complex_from_parts(float x, float y) {
      return x + y*(__pyx_t_float_complex)_Complex_I;
    }
  #endif
#else
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __pyx_t_float_complex_from_parts(float x, float y) {
      __pyx_t_float_complex z;
      z.real = x;
      z.imag = y;
      return z;
    }
#endif

#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX
#else
    static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_c_eqf(__pyx_t_float_complex a, __pyx_t_float_complex b) {
       return (a.real == b.real) && (a.imag == b.imag);
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __Pyx_c_sumf(__pyx_t_float_complex a, __pyx_t_float_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_float_complex z;
        z.real = a.real + b.real;
        z.imag = a.imag + b.imag;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __Pyx_c_difff(__pyx_t_float_complex a, __pyx_t_float_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_float_complex z;
        z.real = a.real - b.real;
        z.imag = a.imag - b.imag;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __Pyx_c_prodf(__pyx_t_float_complex a, __pyx_t_float_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_float_complex z;
        z.real = a.real * b.real - a.imag * b.imag;
        z.imag = a.real * b.imag + a.imag * b.real;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __Pyx_c_quotf(__pyx_t_float_complex a, __pyx_t_float_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_float_complex z;
        float denom = b.real * b.real + b.imag * b.imag;
        z.real = (a.real * b.real + a.imag * b.imag) / denom;
        z.imag = (a.imag * b.real - a.real * b.imag) / denom;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __Pyx_c_negf(__pyx_t_float_complex a) {
        __pyx_t_float_complex z;
        z.real = -a.real;
        z.imag = -a.imag;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_c_is_zerof(__pyx_t_float_complex a) {
       return (a.real == 0) && (a.imag == 0);
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __Pyx_c_conjf(__pyx_t_float_complex a) {
        __pyx_t_float_complex z;
        z.real =  a.real;
        z.imag = -a.imag;
        return z;
    }
    #if 1
        static CYTHON_INLINE float __Pyx_c_absf(__pyx_t_float_complex z) {
          #if !defined(HAVE_HYPOT) || defined(_MSC_VER)
            return sqrtf(z.real*z.real + z.imag*z.imag);
          #else
            return hypotf(z.real, z.imag);
          #endif
        }
        static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_float_complex __Pyx_c_powf(__pyx_t_float_complex a, __pyx_t_float_complex b) {
            __pyx_t_float_complex z;
            float r, lnr, theta, z_r, z_theta;
            if (b.imag == 0 && b.real == (int)b.real) {
                if (b.real < 0) {
                    float denom = a.real * a.real + a.imag * a.imag;
                    a.real = a.real / denom;
                    a.imag = -a.imag / denom;
                    b.real = -b.real;
                }
                switch ((int)b.real) {
                    case 0:
                        z.real = 1;
                        z.imag = 0;
                        return z;
                    case 1:
                        return a;
                    case 2:
                        z = __Pyx_c_prodf(a, a);
                        return __Pyx_c_prodf(a, a);
                    case 3:
                        z = __Pyx_c_prodf(a, a);
                        return __Pyx_c_prodf(z, a);
                    case 4:
                        z = __Pyx_c_prodf(a, a);
                        return __Pyx_c_prodf(z, z);
                }
            }
            if (a.imag == 0) {
                if (a.real == 0) {
                    return a;
                }
                r = a.real;
                theta = 0;
            } else {
                r = __Pyx_c_absf(a);
                theta = atan2f(a.imag, a.real);
            }
            lnr = logf(r);
            z_r = expf(lnr * b.real - theta * b.imag);
            z_theta = theta * b.real + lnr * b.imag;
            z.real = z_r * cosf(z_theta);
            z.imag = z_r * sinf(z_theta);
            return z;
        }
    #endif
#endif

#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX
  #ifdef __cplusplus
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __pyx_t_double_complex_from_parts(double x, double y) {
      return ::std::complex< double >(x, y);
    }
  #else
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __pyx_t_double_complex_from_parts(double x, double y) {
      return x + y*(__pyx_t_double_complex)_Complex_I;
    }
  #endif
#else
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __pyx_t_double_complex_from_parts(double x, double y) {
      __pyx_t_double_complex z;
      z.real = x;
      z.imag = y;
      return z;
    }
#endif

#if CYTHON_CCOMPLEX
#else
    static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_c_eq(__pyx_t_double_complex a, __pyx_t_double_complex b) {
       return (a.real == b.real) && (a.imag == b.imag);
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __Pyx_c_sum(__pyx_t_double_complex a, __pyx_t_double_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_double_complex z;
        z.real = a.real + b.real;
        z.imag = a.imag + b.imag;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __Pyx_c_diff(__pyx_t_double_complex a, __pyx_t_double_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_double_complex z;
        z.real = a.real - b.real;
        z.imag = a.imag - b.imag;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __Pyx_c_prod(__pyx_t_double_complex a, __pyx_t_double_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_double_complex z;
        z.real = a.real * b.real - a.imag * b.imag;
        z.imag = a.real * b.imag + a.imag * b.real;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __Pyx_c_quot(__pyx_t_double_complex a, __pyx_t_double_complex b) {
        __pyx_t_double_complex z;
        double denom = b.real * b.real + b.imag * b.imag;
        z.real = (a.real * b.real + a.imag * b.imag) / denom;
        z.imag = (a.imag * b.real - a.real * b.imag) / denom;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __Pyx_c_neg(__pyx_t_double_complex a) {
        __pyx_t_double_complex z;
        z.real = -a.real;
        z.imag = -a.imag;
        return z;
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_c_is_zero(__pyx_t_double_complex a) {
       return (a.real == 0) && (a.imag == 0);
    }
    static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __Pyx_c_conj(__pyx_t_double_complex a) {
        __pyx_t_double_complex z;
        z.real =  a.real;
        z.imag = -a.imag;
        return z;
    }
    #if 1
        static CYTHON_INLINE double __Pyx_c_abs(__pyx_t_double_complex z) {
          #if !defined(HAVE_HYPOT) || defined(_MSC_VER)
            return sqrt(z.real*z.real + z.imag*z.imag);
          #else
            return hypot(z.real, z.imag);
          #endif
        }
        static CYTHON_INLINE __pyx_t_double_complex __Pyx_c_pow(__pyx_t_double_complex a, __pyx_t_double_complex b) {
            __pyx_t_double_complex z;
            double r, lnr, theta, z_r, z_theta;
            if (b.imag == 0 && b.real == (int)b.real) {
                if (b.real < 0) {
                    double denom = a.real * a.real + a.imag * a.imag;
                    a.real = a.real / denom;
                    a.imag = -a.imag / denom;
                    b.real = -b.real;
                }
                switch ((int)b.real) {
                    case 0:
                        z.real = 1;
                        z.imag = 0;
                        return z;
                    case 1:
                        return a;
                    case 2:
                        z = __Pyx_c_prod(a, a);
                        return __Pyx_c_prod(a, a);
                    case 3:
                        z = __Pyx_c_prod(a, a);
                        return __Pyx_c_prod(z, a);
                    case 4:
                        z = __Pyx_c_prod(a, a);
                        return __Pyx_c_prod(z, z);
                }
            }
            if (a.imag == 0) {
                if (a.real == 0) {
                    return a;
                }
                r = a.real;
                theta = 0;
            } else {
                r = __Pyx_c_abs(a);
                theta = atan2(a.imag, a.real);
            }
            lnr = log(r);
            z_r = exp(lnr * b.real - theta * b.imag);
            z_theta = theta * b.real + lnr * b.imag;
            z.real = z_r * cos(z_theta);
            z.imag = z_r * sin(z_theta);
            return z;
        }
    #endif
#endif

static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned char __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedChar(PyObject* x) {
    const unsigned char neg_one = (unsigned char)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(unsigned char) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(unsigned char)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to unsigned char" :
                    "value too large to convert to unsigned char");
            }
            return (unsigned char)-1;
        }
        return (unsigned char)val;
    }
    return (unsigned char)__Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned short __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedShort(PyObject* x) {
    const unsigned short neg_one = (unsigned short)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(unsigned short) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(unsigned short)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to unsigned short" :
                    "value too large to convert to unsigned short");
            }
            return (unsigned short)-1;
        }
        return (unsigned short)val;
    }
    return (unsigned short)__Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned int __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedInt(PyObject* x) {
    const unsigned int neg_one = (unsigned int)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(unsigned int) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(unsigned int)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to unsigned int" :
                    "value too large to convert to unsigned int");
            }
            return (unsigned int)-1;
        }
        return (unsigned int)val;
    }
    return (unsigned int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE char __Pyx_PyInt_AsChar(PyObject* x) {
    const char neg_one = (char)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(char) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(char)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to char" :
                    "value too large to convert to char");
            }
            return (char)-1;
        }
        return (char)val;
    }
    return (char)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE short __Pyx_PyInt_AsShort(PyObject* x) {
    const short neg_one = (short)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(short) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(short)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to short" :
                    "value too large to convert to short");
            }
            return (short)-1;
        }
        return (short)val;
    }
    return (short)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyInt_AsInt(PyObject* x) {
    const int neg_one = (int)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(int)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to int" :
                    "value too large to convert to int");
            }
            return (int)-1;
        }
        return (int)val;
    }
    return (int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE signed char __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedChar(PyObject* x) {
    const signed char neg_one = (signed char)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(signed char) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(signed char)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to signed char" :
                    "value too large to convert to signed char");
            }
            return (signed char)-1;
        }
        return (signed char)val;
    }
    return (signed char)__Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE signed short __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedShort(PyObject* x) {
    const signed short neg_one = (signed short)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(signed short) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(signed short)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to signed short" :
                    "value too large to convert to signed short");
            }
            return (signed short)-1;
        }
        return (signed short)val;
    }
    return (signed short)__Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE signed int __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedInt(PyObject* x) {
    const signed int neg_one = (signed int)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(signed int) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(signed int)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to signed int" :
                    "value too large to convert to signed int");
            }
            return (signed int)-1;
        }
        return (signed int)val;
    }
    return (signed int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyInt_AsLongDouble(PyObject* x) {
    const int neg_one = (int)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
    if (sizeof(int) < sizeof(long)) {
        long val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
        if (unlikely(val != (long)(int)val)) {
            if (!unlikely(val == -1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                    (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) ?
                    "can't convert negative value to int" :
                    "value too large to convert to int");
            }
            return (int)-1;
        }
        return (int)val;
    }
    return (int)__Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned long __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(PyObject* x) {
    const unsigned long neg_one = (unsigned long)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "can't convert negative value to unsigned long");
            return (unsigned long)-1;
        }
        return (unsigned long)val;
    } else
#endif
    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
        if (is_unsigned) {
            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                                "can't convert negative value to unsigned long");
                return (unsigned long)-1;
            }
            return (unsigned long)PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x);
        } else {
            return (unsigned long)PyLong_AsLong(x);
        }
    } else {
        unsigned long val;
        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
        if (!tmp) return (unsigned long)-1;
        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLong(tmp);
        Py_DECREF(tmp);
        return val;
    }
}

static CYTHON_INLINE unsigned PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLong(PyObject* x) {
    const unsigned PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "can't convert negative value to unsigned PY_LONG_LONG");
            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
        }
        return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)val;
    } else
#endif
    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
        if (is_unsigned) {
            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                                "can't convert negative value to unsigned PY_LONG_LONG");
                return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
            }
            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
        } else {
            return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsLongLong(x);
        }
    } else {
        unsigned PY_LONG_LONG val;
        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
        if (!tmp) return (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLong(tmp);
        Py_DECREF(tmp);
        return val;
    }
}

static CYTHON_INLINE long __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(PyObject* x) {
    const long neg_one = (long)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "can't convert negative value to long");
            return (long)-1;
        }
        return (long)val;
    } else
#endif
    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
        if (is_unsigned) {
            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                                "can't convert negative value to long");
                return (long)-1;
            }
            return (long)PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x);
        } else {
            return (long)PyLong_AsLong(x);
        }
    } else {
        long val;
        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
        if (!tmp) return (long)-1;
        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLong(tmp);
        Py_DECREF(tmp);
        return val;
    }
}

static CYTHON_INLINE PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_AsLongLong(PyObject* x) {
    const PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (PY_LONG_LONG)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "can't convert negative value to PY_LONG_LONG");
            return (PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
        }
        return (PY_LONG_LONG)val;
    } else
#endif
    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
        if (is_unsigned) {
            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                                "can't convert negative value to PY_LONG_LONG");
                return (PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
            }
            return (PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
        } else {
            return (PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsLongLong(x);
        }
    } else {
        PY_LONG_LONG val;
        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
        if (!tmp) return (PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsLongLong(tmp);
        Py_DECREF(tmp);
        return val;
    }
}

static CYTHON_INLINE signed long __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(PyObject* x) {
    const signed long neg_one = (signed long)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "can't convert negative value to signed long");
            return (signed long)-1;
        }
        return (signed long)val;
    } else
#endif
    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
        if (is_unsigned) {
            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                                "can't convert negative value to signed long");
                return (signed long)-1;
            }
            return (signed long)PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(x);
        } else {
            return (signed long)PyLong_AsLong(x);
        }
    } else {
        signed long val;
        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
        if (!tmp) return (signed long)-1;
        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLong(tmp);
        Py_DECREF(tmp);
        return val;
    }
}

static CYTHON_INLINE signed PY_LONG_LONG __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLongLong(PyObject* x) {
    const signed PY_LONG_LONG neg_one = (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1, const_zero = 0;
    const int is_unsigned = neg_one > const_zero;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
    if (likely(PyInt_Check(x))) {
        long val = PyInt_AS_LONG(x);
        if (is_unsigned && unlikely(val < 0)) {
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                            "can't convert negative value to signed PY_LONG_LONG");
            return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
        }
        return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)val;
    } else
#endif
    if (likely(PyLong_Check(x))) {
        if (is_unsigned) {
            if (unlikely(Py_SIZE(x) < 0)) {
                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                                "can't convert negative value to signed PY_LONG_LONG");
                return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
            }
            return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
        } else {
            return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)PyLong_AsLongLong(x);
        }
    } else {
        signed PY_LONG_LONG val;
        PyObject *tmp = __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(x);
        if (!tmp) return (signed PY_LONG_LONG)-1;
        val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsSignedLongLong(tmp);
        Py_DECREF(tmp);
        return val;
    }
}

static void __Pyx_WriteUnraisable(const char *name, CYTHON_UNUSED int clineno,
                                  CYTHON_UNUSED int lineno, CYTHON_UNUSED const char *filename) {
    PyObject *old_exc, *old_val, *old_tb;
    PyObject *ctx;
    __Pyx_ErrFetch(&old_exc, &old_val, &old_tb);
    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
    ctx = PyString_FromString(name);
    #else
    ctx = PyUnicode_FromString(name);
    #endif
    __Pyx_ErrRestore(old_exc, old_val, old_tb);
    if (!ctx) {
        PyErr_WriteUnraisable(Py_None);
    } else {
        PyErr_WriteUnraisable(ctx);
        Py_DECREF(ctx);
    }
}

static int __Pyx_check_binary_version(void) {
    char ctversion[4], rtversion[4];
    PyOS_snprintf(ctversion, 4, "%d.%d", PY_MAJOR_VERSION, PY_MINOR_VERSION);
    PyOS_snprintf(rtversion, 4, "%s", Py_GetVersion());
    if (ctversion[0] != rtversion[0] || ctversion[2] != rtversion[2]) {
        char message[200];
        PyOS_snprintf(message, sizeof(message),
                      "compiletime version %s of module '%.100s' "
                      "does not match runtime version %s",
                      ctversion, __Pyx_MODULE_NAME, rtversion);
        #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
        return PyErr_Warn(NULL, message);
        #else
        return PyErr_WarnEx(NULL, message, 1);
        #endif
    }
    return 0;
}

static int __Pyx_SetVtable(PyObject *dict, void *vtable) {
#if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02070000 && !(PY_MAJOR_VERSION==3&&PY_MINOR_VERSION==0)
    PyObject *ob = PyCapsule_New(vtable, 0, 0);
#else
    PyObject *ob = PyCObject_FromVoidPtr(vtable, 0);
#endif
    if (!ob)
        goto bad;
    if (PyDict_SetItemString(dict, "__pyx_vtable__", ob) < 0)
        goto bad;
    Py_DECREF(ob);
    return 0;
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(ob);
    return -1;
}

#ifndef __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportModule
#define __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportModule
static PyObject *__Pyx_ImportModule(const char *name) {
    PyObject *py_name = 0;
    PyObject *py_module = 0;
    py_name = __Pyx_PyIdentifier_FromString(name);
    if (!py_name)
        goto bad;
    py_module = PyImport_Import(py_name);
    Py_DECREF(py_name);
    return py_module;
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(py_name);
    return 0;
}
#endif

#ifndef __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportType
#define __PYX_HAVE_RT_ImportType
static PyTypeObject *__Pyx_ImportType(const char *module_name, const char *class_name,
    size_t size, int strict)
{
    PyObject *py_module = 0;
    PyObject *result = 0;
    PyObject *py_name = 0;
    char warning[200];
    py_module = __Pyx_ImportModule(module_name);
    if (!py_module)
        goto bad;
    py_name = __Pyx_PyIdentifier_FromString(class_name);
    if (!py_name)
        goto bad;
    result = PyObject_GetAttr(py_module, py_name);
    Py_DECREF(py_name);
    py_name = 0;
    Py_DECREF(py_module);
    py_module = 0;
    if (!result)
        goto bad;
    if (!PyType_Check(result)) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
            "%s.%s is not a type object",
            module_name, class_name);
        goto bad;
    }
    if (!strict && (size_t)((PyTypeObject *)result)->tp_basicsize > size) {
        PyOS_snprintf(warning, sizeof(warning),
            "%s.%s size changed, may indicate binary incompatibility",
            module_name, class_name);
        #if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
        if (PyErr_Warn(NULL, warning) < 0) goto bad;
        #else
        if (PyErr_WarnEx(NULL, warning, 0) < 0) goto bad;
        #endif
    }
    else if ((size_t)((PyTypeObject *)result)->tp_basicsize != size) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
            "%s.%s has the wrong size, try recompiling",
            module_name, class_name);
        goto bad;
    }
    return (PyTypeObject *)result;
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(py_module);
    Py_XDECREF(result);
    return NULL;
}
#endif

static void* __Pyx_GetVtable(PyObject *dict) {
    void* ptr;
    PyObject *ob = PyMapping_GetItemString(dict, (char *)"__pyx_vtable__");
    if (!ob)
        goto bad;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX >= 0x02070000 && !(PY_MAJOR_VERSION==3&&PY_MINOR_VERSION==0)
    ptr = PyCapsule_GetPointer(ob, 0);
#else
    ptr = PyCObject_AsVoidPtr(ob);
#endif
    if (!ptr && !PyErr_Occurred())
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "invalid vtable found for imported type");
    Py_DECREF(ob);
    return ptr;
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(ob);
    return NULL;
}

static int __pyx_bisect_code_objects(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry* entries, int count, int code_line) {
    int start = 0, mid = 0, end = count - 1;
    if (end >= 0 && code_line > entries[end].code_line) {
        return count;
    }
    while (start < end) {
        mid = (start + end) / 2;
        if (code_line < entries[mid].code_line) {
            end = mid;
        } else if (code_line > entries[mid].code_line) {
             start = mid + 1;
        } else {
            return mid;
        }
    }
    if (code_line <= entries[mid].code_line) {
        return mid;
    } else {
        return mid + 1;
    }
}
static PyCodeObject *__pyx_find_code_object(int code_line) {
    PyCodeObject* code_object;
    int pos;
    if (unlikely(!code_line) || unlikely(!__pyx_code_cache.entries)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    pos = __pyx_bisect_code_objects(__pyx_code_cache.entries, __pyx_code_cache.count, code_line);
    if (unlikely(pos >= __pyx_code_cache.count) || unlikely(__pyx_code_cache.entries[pos].code_line != code_line)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    code_object = __pyx_code_cache.entries[pos].code_object;
    Py_INCREF(code_object);
    return code_object;
}
static void __pyx_insert_code_object(int code_line, PyCodeObject* code_object) {
    int pos, i;
    __Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry* entries = __pyx_code_cache.entries;
    if (unlikely(!code_line)) {
        return;
    }
    if (unlikely(!entries)) {
        entries = (__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry*)PyMem_Malloc(64*sizeof(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry));
        if (likely(entries)) {
            __pyx_code_cache.entries = entries;
            __pyx_code_cache.max_count = 64;
            __pyx_code_cache.count = 1;
            entries[0].code_line = code_line;
            entries[0].code_object = code_object;
            Py_INCREF(code_object);
        }
        return;
    }
    pos = __pyx_bisect_code_objects(__pyx_code_cache.entries, __pyx_code_cache.count, code_line);
    if ((pos < __pyx_code_cache.count) && unlikely(__pyx_code_cache.entries[pos].code_line == code_line)) {
        PyCodeObject* tmp = entries[pos].code_object;
        entries[pos].code_object = code_object;
        Py_DECREF(tmp);
        return;
    }
    if (__pyx_code_cache.count == __pyx_code_cache.max_count) {
        int new_max = __pyx_code_cache.max_count + 64;
        entries = (__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry*)PyMem_Realloc(
            __pyx_code_cache.entries, new_max*sizeof(__Pyx_CodeObjectCacheEntry));
        if (unlikely(!entries)) {
            return;
        }
        __pyx_code_cache.entries = entries;
        __pyx_code_cache.max_count = new_max;
    }
    for (i=__pyx_code_cache.count; i>pos; i--) {
        entries[i] = entries[i-1];
    }
    entries[pos].code_line = code_line;
    entries[pos].code_object = code_object;
    __pyx_code_cache.count++;
    Py_INCREF(code_object);
}

#include "compile.h"
#include "frameobject.h"
#include "traceback.h"
static PyCodeObject* __Pyx_CreateCodeObjectForTraceback(
            const char *funcname, int c_line,
            int py_line, const char *filename) {
    PyCodeObject *py_code = 0;
    PyObject *py_srcfile = 0;
    PyObject *py_funcname = 0;
    #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
    py_srcfile = PyString_FromString(filename);
    #else
    py_srcfile = PyUnicode_FromString(filename);
    #endif
    if (!py_srcfile) goto bad;
    if (c_line) {
        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
        py_funcname = PyString_FromFormat( "%s (%s:%d)", funcname, __pyx_cfilenm, c_line);
        #else
        py_funcname = PyUnicode_FromFormat( "%s (%s:%d)", funcname, __pyx_cfilenm, c_line);
        #endif
    }
    else {
        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
        py_funcname = PyString_FromString(funcname);
        #else
        py_funcname = PyUnicode_FromString(funcname);
        #endif
    }
    if (!py_funcname) goto bad;
    py_code = __Pyx_PyCode_New(
        0,            /*int argcount,*/
        0,            /*int kwonlyargcount,*/
        0,            /*int nlocals,*/
        0,            /*int stacksize,*/
        0,            /*int flags,*/
        __pyx_empty_bytes, /*PyObject *code,*/
        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *consts,*/
        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *names,*/
        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *varnames,*/
        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *freevars,*/
        __pyx_empty_tuple, /*PyObject *cellvars,*/
        py_srcfile,   /*PyObject *filename,*/
        py_funcname,  /*PyObject *name,*/
        py_line,      /*int firstlineno,*/
        __pyx_empty_bytes  /*PyObject *lnotab*/
    );
    Py_DECREF(py_srcfile);
    Py_DECREF(py_funcname);
    return py_code;
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(py_srcfile);
    Py_XDECREF(py_funcname);
    return NULL;
}
static void __Pyx_AddTraceback(const char *funcname, int c_line,
                               int py_line, const char *filename) {
    PyCodeObject *py_code = 0;
    PyObject *py_globals = 0;
    PyFrameObject *py_frame = 0;
    py_code = __pyx_find_code_object(c_line ? c_line : py_line);
    if (!py_code) {
        py_code = __Pyx_CreateCodeObjectForTraceback(
            funcname, c_line, py_line, filename);
        if (!py_code) goto bad;
        __pyx_insert_code_object(c_line ? c_line : py_line, py_code);
    }
    py_globals = PyModule_GetDict(__pyx_m);
    if (!py_globals) goto bad;
    py_frame = PyFrame_New(
        PyThreadState_GET(), /*PyThreadState *tstate,*/
        py_code,             /*PyCodeObject *code,*/
        py_globals,          /*PyObject *globals,*/
        0                    /*PyObject *locals*/
    );
    if (!py_frame) goto bad;
    py_frame->f_lineno = py_line;
    PyTraceBack_Here(py_frame);
bad:
    Py_XDECREF(py_code);
    Py_XDECREF(py_frame);
}

static int __Pyx_InitStrings(__Pyx_StringTabEntry *t) {
    while (t->p) {
        #if PY_MAJOR_VERSION < 3
        if (t->is_unicode) {
            *t->p = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(t->s, t->n - 1, NULL);
        } else if (t->intern) {
            *t->p = PyString_InternFromString(t->s);
        } else {
            *t->p = PyString_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
        }
        #else  /* Python 3+ has unicode identifiers */
        if (t->is_unicode | t->is_str) {
            if (t->intern) {
                *t->p = PyUnicode_InternFromString(t->s);
            } else if (t->encoding) {
                *t->p = PyUnicode_Decode(t->s, t->n - 1, t->encoding, NULL);
            } else {
                *t->p = PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
            }
        } else {
            *t->p = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(t->s, t->n - 1);
        }
        #endif
        if (!*t->p)
            return -1;
        ++t;
    }
    return 0;
}


/* Type Conversion Functions */

static CYTHON_INLINE int __Pyx_PyObject_IsTrue(PyObject* x) {
   int is_true = x == Py_True;
   if (is_true | (x == Py_False) | (x == Py_None)) return is_true;
   else return PyObject_IsTrue(x);
}

static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject* __Pyx_PyNumber_Int(PyObject* x) {
  PyNumberMethods *m;
  const char *name = NULL;
  PyObject *res = NULL;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
  if (PyInt_Check(x) || PyLong_Check(x))
#else
  if (PyLong_Check(x))
#endif
    return Py_INCREF(x), x;
  m = Py_TYPE(x)->tp_as_number;
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
  if (m && m->nb_int) {
    name = "int";
    res = PyNumber_Int(x);
  }
  else if (m && m->nb_long) {
    name = "long";
    res = PyNumber_Long(x);
  }
#else
  if (m && m->nb_int) {
    name = "int";
    res = PyNumber_Long(x);
  }
#endif
  if (res) {
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x03000000
    if (!PyInt_Check(res) && !PyLong_Check(res)) {
#else
    if (!PyLong_Check(res)) {
#endif
      PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                   "__%s__ returned non-%s (type %.200s)",
                   name, name, Py_TYPE(res)->tp_name);
      Py_DECREF(res);
      return NULL;
    }
  }
  else if (!PyErr_Occurred()) {
    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                    "an integer is required");
  }
  return res;
}

static CYTHON_INLINE Py_ssize_t __Pyx_PyIndex_AsSsize_t(PyObject* b) {
  Py_ssize_t ival;
  PyObject* x = PyNumber_Index(b);
  if (!x) return -1;
  ival = PyInt_AsSsize_t(x);
  Py_DECREF(x);
  return ival;
}

static CYTHON_INLINE PyObject * __Pyx_PyInt_FromSize_t(size_t ival) {
#if PY_VERSION_HEX < 0x02050000
   if (ival <= LONG_MAX)
       return PyInt_FromLong((long)ival);
   else {
       unsigned char *bytes = (unsigned char *) &ival;
       int one = 1; int little = (int)*(unsigned char*)&one;
       return _PyLong_FromByteArray(bytes, sizeof(size_t), little, 0);
   }
#else
   return PyInt_FromSize_t(ival);
#endif
}

static CYTHON_INLINE size_t __Pyx_PyInt_AsSize_t(PyObject* x) {
   unsigned PY_LONG_LONG val = __Pyx_PyInt_AsUnsignedLongLong(x);
   if (unlikely(val == (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)-1 && PyErr_Occurred())) {
       return (size_t)-1;
   } else if (unlikely(val != (unsigned PY_LONG_LONG)(size_t)val)) {
       PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                       "value too large to convert to size_t");
       return (size_t)-1;
   }
   return (size_t)val;
}


#endif /* Py_PYTHON_H */
