Merge pull request #1696 from github/cut-release-v3.5.1

Bump to 3.5.1

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 Gemfile.lock
 .bundle/
-vendor/
 benchmark/
 lib/linguist/samples.json

.travis.yml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ before_install:
 rvm:
   - 1.9.3
   - 2.0.0
-  - 2.1.1
+  - 2.1
+  - 2.2
 notifications:
   disabled: true

Gemfile

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 source 'https://rubygems.org'
 gemspec
-gem 'rugged', '0.21.1b2'
+gem 'test-unit', require: false if RUBY_VERSION >= '2.2'

README.md

@@ -32,33 +32,57 @@ The Language stats bar that you see on every repository is built by aggregating
 
 The repository stats API, accessed through `#languages`, can be used on a directory:
 
+***API UPDATE***
+
+Since [Version 3.0.0](https://github.com/github/linguist/releases/tag/v3.0.0) Linguist expects a git repository (in the form of a [Rugged::Repository](https://github.com/libgit2/rugged#repositories)) to be passed when initializing `Linguist::Repository`.
+
+
 ```ruby
-project = Linguist::Repository.from_directory(".")
-project.language.name  #=> "Ruby"
-project.languages      #=> { "Ruby" => 0.98, "Shell" => 0.02 }
+require 'rugged'
+require 'linguist'
+
+repo = Rugged::Repository.new('.')
+project = Linguist::Repository.new(repo, repo.head.target_id)
+project.language       #=> "Ruby"
+project.languages      #=> { "Ruby" => 119387 }
 ```
 
 These stats are also printed out by the `linguist` binary. You can use the
 `--breakdown` flag, and the binary will also output the breakdown of files by language.
 
-You can try running `linguist` on the `lib/` directory in this repository itself:
+You can try running `linguist` on the root directory in this repository itself:
 
-    $ bundle exec linguist lib/ --breakdown
+    $ bundle exec linguist --breakdown
 
     100.00% Ruby
 
     Ruby:
-    linguist/blob_helper.rb
-    linguist/classifier.rb
-    linguist/file_blob.rb
-    linguist/generated.rb
-    linguist/heuristics.rb
-    linguist/language.rb
-    linguist/md5.rb
-    linguist/repository.rb
-    linguist/samples.rb
-    linguist/tokenizer.rb
-    linguist.rb
+    Gemfile
+    Rakefile
+    bin/linguist
+    github-linguist.gemspec
+    lib/linguist.rb
+    lib/linguist/blob_helper.rb
+    lib/linguist/classifier.rb
+    lib/linguist/file_blob.rb
+    lib/linguist/generated.rb
+    lib/linguist/heuristics.rb
+    lib/linguist/language.rb
+    lib/linguist/lazy_blob.rb
+    lib/linguist/md5.rb
+    lib/linguist/repository.rb
+    lib/linguist/samples.rb
+    lib/linguist/tokenizer.rb
+    lib/linguist/version.rb
+    test/test_blob.rb
+    test/test_classifier.rb
+    test/test_heuristics.rb
+    test/test_language.rb
+    test/test_md5.rb
+    test/test_pedantic.rb
+    test/test_repository.rb
+    test/test_samples.rb
+    test/test_tokenizer.rb
 
 #### Ignore vendored files
 
@@ -80,9 +104,34 @@ Linguist::FileBlob.new("underscore.min.js").generated? # => true
 
 See [Linguist::Generated#generated?](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/generated.rb).
 
+## Overrides
+
+Linguist supports custom overrides for language definitions and vendored paths. Add a `.gitattributes` file to your project using the keys `linguist-language` and `linguist-vendored` with the standard git-style path matchers for the files you want to override.
+
+Please note that the overrides currently only affect the language statistics for a repository and not the syntax-highlighting of files.
+
+```
+$ cat .gitattributes
+*.rb linguist-language=Java
+
+$ linguist --breakdown
+100.00% Java
+
+Java:
+ruby_file.rb
+```
+
+By default, Linguist treats all of the paths defined in [lib/linguist/vendor.yml](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/vendor.yml) as vendored and therefore doesn't include them in the language statistics for a repository. Use the `linguist-vendored` attribute to vendor or un-vendor paths.
+
+```
+$ cat .gitattributes
+special-vendored-path/* linguist-vendored
+jquery.js linguist-vendored=false
+```
+
 ## Installation
 
-github.com is usually running the latest version of the `github-linguist` gem that is released on [RubyGems.org](http://rubygems.org/gems/github-linguist).
+Github.com is usually running the latest version of the `github-linguist` gem that is released on [RubyGems.org](http://rubygems.org/gems/github-linguist).
 
 But for development you are going to want to checkout out the source. To get it, clone the repo and run [Bundler](http://gembundler.com/) to install its dependencies.
 
@@ -141,7 +190,7 @@ If you are the current maintainer of this gem:
  0. Ensure that tests are green: `bundle exec rake test`
  0. Bump gem version in `lib/linguist/version.rb`.  For example, [like this](https://github.com/github/linguist/commit/8d2ea90a5ba3b2fe6e1508b7155aa4632eea2985).
  0. Make a PR to github/linguist.  For example, [#1238](https://github.com/github/linguist/pull/1238).
- 0. Build a local gem: `gem build github-linguist.gemspec`
+ 0. Build a local gem: `bundle exec rake build_gem`
  0. Testing:
    0. Bump the Gemfile and Gemfile.lock versions for an app which relies on this gem
    0. Install the new gem locally

Rakefile

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-require 'json'
+require 'bundler/setup'
 require 'rake/clean'
 require 'rake/testtask'
 require 'yaml'
+require 'yajl'
 
 task :default => :test
 
@@ -19,15 +20,13 @@ end
 
 task :samples do
   require 'linguist/samples'
-  require 'yajl'
-  data = Linguist::Samples.data
-  json = Yajl::Encoder.encode(data, :pretty => true)
-  File.open('lib/linguist/samples.json', 'w') { |io| io.write json }
+  json = Yajl.dump(Linguist::Samples.data, :pretty => true)
+  File.write 'lib/linguist/samples.json', json
 end
 
 task :build_gem => :samples do
   languages = YAML.load_file("lib/linguist/languages.yml")
-  File.write("lib/linguist/languages.json", JSON.dump(languages))
+  File.write("lib/linguist/languages.json", Yajl.dump(languages))
   `gem build github-linguist.gemspec`
   File.delete("lib/linguist/languages.json")
 end
@@ -71,11 +70,11 @@ namespace :benchmark do
     reference_file = ENV["REFERENCE"]
     candidate_file = ENV["CANDIDATE"]
 
-    reference = JSON.parse(File.read(reference_file))
+    reference = Yajl.load(File.read(reference_file))
     reference_counts = Hash.new(0)
     reference.each { |filename, language| reference_counts[language] += 1 }
 
-    candidate = JSON.parse(File.read(candidate_file))
+    candidate = Yajl.load(File.read(candidate_file))
     candidate_counts = Hash.new(0)
     candidate.each { |filename, language| candidate_counts[language] += 1 }
 
@@ -125,14 +124,12 @@ namespace :classifier do
 
   def each_public_gist
     require 'open-uri'
-    require 'json'
-
     url = "https://api.github.com/gists/public"
 
     loop do
       resp = open(url)
       url = resp.meta['link'][/<([^>]+)>; rel="next"/, 1]
-      gists = JSON.parse(resp.read)
+      gists = Yajl.load(resp.read)
 
       for gist in gists
         for filename, attrs in gist['files']

github-linguist.gemspec

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.add_dependency 'escape_utils',    '~> 1.0.1'
   s.add_dependency 'mime-types',      '~> 1.19'
   s.add_dependency 'pygments.rb',     '~> 0.6.0'
+  s.add_dependency 'rugged',          '~> 0.21.1b2'
 
-  s.add_development_dependency 'json'
   s.add_development_dependency 'mocha'
   s.add_development_dependency 'pry'
   s.add_development_dependency 'rake'

lib/linguist/blob_helper.rb

@@ -321,6 +321,11 @@ module Linguist
       language ? language.lexer : Pygments::Lexer.find_by_name('Text only')
     end
 
+    # Internal: Get the TextMate compatible scope for the blob
+    def tm_scope
+      language && language.tm_scope
+    end
+
     # Public: Highlight syntax of blob
     #
     # options - A Hash of options (defaults to {})

lib/linguist/heuristics.rb

@@ -19,9 +19,21 @@ module Linguist
         if languages.all? { |l| ["ECL", "Prolog"].include?(l) }
           result = disambiguate_ecl(data, languages)
         end
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["IDL", "Prolog"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_pro(data, languages)
+        end
         if languages.all? { |l| ["Common Lisp", "OpenCL"].include?(l) }
           result = disambiguate_cl(data, languages)
         end
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["Hack", "PHP"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_hack(data, languages)
+        end
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["Scala", "SuperCollider"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_sc(data, languages)
+        end
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["AsciiDoc", "AGS Script"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_asc(data, languages)
+        end
         return result
       end
     end
@@ -51,6 +63,16 @@ module Linguist
       matches
     end
 
+    def self.disambiguate_pro(data, languages)
+      matches = []
+      if (data.include?(":-"))
+        matches << Language["Prolog"]
+      else
+        matches << Language["IDL"]
+      end
+      matches
+    end
+
     def self.disambiguate_ts(data, languages)
       matches = []
       if (data.include?("</translation>"))
@@ -75,6 +97,33 @@ module Linguist
       matches
     end
 
+    def self.disambiguate_hack(data, languages)
+      matches = []
+      if data.include?("<?hh")
+        matches << Language["Hack"]
+      elsif /<?[^h]/.match(data)
+        matches << Language["PHP"]
+      end
+      matches
+    end
+
+    def self.disambiguate_sc(data, languages)
+      matches = []
+      if (/\^(this|super)\./.match(data) || /^\s*(\+|\*)\s*\w+\s*{/.match(data) || /^\s*~\w+\s*=\./.match(data))
+        matches << Language["SuperCollider"]
+      end
+      if (/^\s*import (scala|java)\./.match(data) || /^\s*val\s+\w+\s*=/.match(data) || /^\s*class\b/.match(data))
+        matches << Language["Scala"]
+      end
+      matches
+    end
+
+    def self.disambiguate_asc(data, languages)
+      matches = []
+      matches << Language["AsciiDoc"] if /^=+(\s|\n)/.match(data)
+      matches
+    end
+
     def self.active?
       !!ACTIVE
     end

lib/linguist/language.rb

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ require 'escape_utils'
 require 'pygments'
 require 'yaml'
 begin
-  require 'json'
+  require 'yajl'
 rescue LoadError
 end
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ module Linguist
       end
 
       # Language name index
-      @index[language.name] = @name_index[language.name] = language
+      @index[language.name.downcase] = @name_index[language.name.downcase] = language
 
       language.aliases.each do |name|
         # All Language aliases should be unique. Raise if there is a duplicate.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ module Linguist
           raise ArgumentError, "Duplicate alias: #{name}"
         end
 
-        @index[name] = @alias_index[name] = language
+        @index[name.downcase] = @alias_index[name.downcase] = language
       end
 
       language.extensions.each do |extension|
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ module Linguist
     #
     # Returns the Language or nil if none was found.
     def self.find_by_name(name)
-      @name_index[name]
+      name && @name_index[name.downcase]
     end
 
     # Public: Look up Language by one of its aliases.
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ module Linguist
     #
     # Returns the Lexer or nil if none was found.
     def self.find_by_alias(name)
-      @alias_index[name]
+      name && @alias_index[name.downcase]
     end
 
     # Public: Look up Languages by filename.
@@ -194,9 +194,25 @@ module Linguist
     def self.find_by_filename(filename)
       basename = File.basename(filename)
       extname = FileBlob.new(filename).extension
-      langs = @filename_index[basename] +
+      (@filename_index[basename] + find_by_extension(extname)).compact.uniq
+    end
+
+    # Public: Look up Languages by file extension.
+    #
+    # extname - The extension String.
+    #
+    # Examples
+    #
+    #   Language.find_by_extension('.rb')
+    #   # => [#<Language name="Ruby">]
+    #
+    #   Language.find_by_extension('rb')
+    #   # => [#<Language name="Ruby">]
+    #
+    # Returns all matching Languages or [] if none were found.
+    def self.find_by_extension(extname)
+      extname = ".#{extname}" unless extname.start_with?(".")
       @extension_index[extname]
-      langs.compact.uniq
     end
 
     # Public: Look up Languages by shebang line.
@@ -227,7 +243,7 @@ module Linguist
     #
     # Returns the Language or nil if none was found.
     def self.[](name)
-      @index[name]
+      name && @index[name.downcase]
     end
 
     # Public: A List of popular languages
@@ -290,6 +306,16 @@ module Linguist
       @lexer = Pygments::Lexer.find_by_name(attributes[:lexer] || name) ||
         raise(ArgumentError, "#{@name} is missing lexer")
 
+      @tm_scope = attributes[:tm_scope] || begin
+        context = case @type
+                  when :data, :markup, :prose
+                    'text'
+                  when :programming, nil
+                    'source'
+                  end
+        "#{context}.#{@name.downcase}"
+      end
+
       @ace_mode = attributes[:ace_mode]
       @wrap = attributes[:wrap] || false
 
@@ -363,6 +389,11 @@ module Linguist
     # Returns the Lexer
     attr_reader :lexer
 
+    # Public: Get the name of a TextMate-compatible scope
+    #
+    # Returns the scope
+    attr_reader :tm_scope
+
     # Public: Get Ace mode
     #
     # Examples
@@ -518,8 +549,8 @@ module Linguist
   languages_yml = File.expand_path("../languages.yml", __FILE__)
   languages_json = File.expand_path("../languages.json", __FILE__)
 
-  if File.exist?(languages_json) && defined?(JSON)
-    languages = JSON.load(File.read(languages_json))
+  if File.exist?(languages_json) && defined?(Yajl)
+    languages = Yajl.load(File.read(languages_json))
   else
     languages = YAML.load_file(languages_yml)
   end
@@ -564,6 +595,7 @@ module Linguist
       :type              => options['type'],
       :aliases           => options['aliases'],
       :lexer             => options['lexer'],
+      :tm_scope          => options['tm_scope'],
       :ace_mode          => options['ace_mode'],
       :wrap              => options['wrap'],
       :group_name        => options['group'],

lib/linguist/repository.rb

@@ -128,13 +128,20 @@ module Linguist
     protected
 
     def compute_stats(old_commit_oid, cache = nil)
-      file_map = cache ? cache.dup : {}
       old_tree = old_commit_oid && Rugged::Commit.lookup(repository, old_commit_oid).tree
 
       read_index
 
       diff = Rugged::Tree.diff(repository, old_tree, current_tree)
 
+      # Clear file map and fetch full diff if any .gitattributes files are changed
+      if cache && diff.each_delta.any? { |delta| File.basename(delta.new_file[:path]) == ".gitattributes" }
+        diff = Rugged::Tree.diff(repository, old_tree = nil, current_tree)
+        file_map = {}
+      else
+        file_map = cache ? cache.dup : {}
+      end
+
       diff.each_delta do |delta|
         old = delta.old_file[:path]
         new = delta.new_file[:path]

lib/linguist/samples.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 begin
-  require 'json'
+  require 'yajl'
 rescue LoadError
   require 'yaml'
 end
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ module Linguist
     # Hash of serialized samples object
     def self.cache
       @cache ||= begin
-        serializer = defined?(JSON) ? JSON : YAML
+        serializer = defined?(Yajl) ? Yajl : YAML
         serializer.load(File.read(PATH))
       end
     end

lib/linguist/vendor.yml

@@ -36,15 +36,16 @@
 # Go dependencies
 - Godeps/_workspace/
 
-# Bootstrap minified css and js
-- (^|/)bootstrap([^.]*)(\.min)?\.(js|css)$
+# Minified JavaScript and CSS
+- (\.|-)min\.(js|css)$
+
+# Bootstrap css and js
+- (^|/)bootstrap([^.]*)\.(js|css)$
 
 # Font Awesome
-- font-awesome.min.css
 - font-awesome.css
 
 # Foundation css
-- foundation.min.css
 - foundation.css
 
 # Normalize.css
@@ -56,7 +57,6 @@
 
 # Animate.css
 - animate.css
-- animate.min.css
 
 # Vendored dependencies
 - third[-_]?party/
@@ -73,12 +73,12 @@
 ## Commonly Bundled JavaScript frameworks ##
 
 # jQuery
-- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
-- (^|/)jquery\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?\.js$
 
 # jQuery UI
-- (^|/)jquery\-ui(\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?)?(\.\w+)?(\.min)?\.(js|css)$
-- (^|/)jquery\.(ui|effects)\.([^.]*)(\.min)?\.(js|css)$
+- (^|/)jquery\-ui(\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?)?(\.\w+)?\.(js|css)$
+- (^|/)jquery\.(ui|effects)\.([^.]*)\.(js|css)$
 
 # Prototype
 - (^|/)prototype(.*)\.js$
@@ -116,21 +116,20 @@
 - (^|/)shLegacy\.js$
 
 # AngularJS
-- (^|/)angular([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)angular([^.]*)\.js$
 
 # D3.js
-- (^|\/)d3(\.v\d+)?([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|\/)d3(\.v\d+)?([^.]*)\.js$
 
 # React
-- (^|/)react(-[^.]*)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)react(-[^.]*)?\.js$
 
 # Modernizr
-- (^|/)modernizr\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)modernizr\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?\.js$
 - (^|/)modernizr\.custom\.\d+\.js$
 
 # Knockout
 - (^|/)knockout-(\d+\.){3}(debug\.)?js$
-- knockout-min.js
 
 ## Python ##
 
@@ -168,8 +167,8 @@
 - \.intellisense\.js$
 
 # jQuery validation plugin (MS bundles this with asp.net mvc)
-- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.validate(\.unobtrusive)?(\.min)?\.js$
-- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.unobtrusive\-ajax(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.validate(\.unobtrusive)?\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.unobtrusive\-ajax\.js$
 
 # Microsoft Ajax
 - (^|/)[Mm]icrosoft([Mm]vc)?([Aa]jax|[Vv]alidation)(\.debug)?\.js$
@@ -196,7 +195,7 @@
 - (^|/)extjs/welcome/
 
 # Html5shiv
-- (^|/)html5shiv(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)html5shiv\.js$
 
 # Samples folders
 - ^[Ss]amples/
@@ -215,8 +214,8 @@
 - ^[Tt]est/fixtures/
 
 # PhoneGap/Cordova
-- (^|/)cordova([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
-- (^|/)cordova\-\d\.\d(\.\d)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)cordova([^.]*)\.js$
+- (^|/)cordova\-\d\.\d(\.\d)?\.js$
 
 # Foundation js
 - foundation(\..*)?\.js$
@@ -236,9 +235,12 @@
 
 # Octicons
 - octicons.css
-- octicons.min.css
 - sprockets-octicons.scss
 
 # Typesafe Activator
 - (^|/)activator$
 - (^|/)activator\.bat$
+
+# ProGuard
+- proguard.pro
+- proguard-rules.pro

lib/linguist/version.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module Linguist
-  VERSION = "3.2.1"
+  VERSION = "3.5.1"
 end

samples/APL/UT.dyalog

@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+:NameSpace UT
+
+    sac ← 0
+    expect_orig ← expect ← ⎕NS⍬
+    exception ← ⍬
+    nexpect_orig ← nexpect ← ⎕NS⍬
+
+    ∇ {Z}←{Conf}run Argument;PRE_test;POST_test;TEST_step;COVER_step;FromSpace
+     
+      load_display_if_not_already_loaded
+      load_salt_scripts_into_current_namespace_if_configured
+     
+      FromSpace←1⊃⎕RSI
+     
+      PRE_test←{}
+      POST_test←{}
+      COVER_step←{}
+      :If 0≠⎕NC'Conf'
+          :If Conf has'cover_target'
+              PRE_test←{{}⎕PROFILE'start'}
+              POST_test←{{}⎕PROFILE'stop'}
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+     
+      :If is_function Argument
+          TEST_step←single_function_test_function
+          COVER_file←Argument,'_coverage.html'
+     
+      :ElseIf is_list_of_functions Argument
+          TEST_step←list_of_functions_test_function
+          COVER_file←'list_coverage.html'
+     
+      :ElseIf is_file Argument
+          TEST_step←file_test_function
+          COVER_file←(get_file_name Argument),'_coverage.html'
+     
+      :ElseIf is_dir Argument
+          test_files←test_files_in_dir Argument
+          TEST_step←test_dir_function
+          Argument←test_files
+      :EndIf
+     
+      :If 0≠⎕NC'Conf'
+          :If Conf has'cover_target'
+              COVER_step←{Conf,←⊂('cover_file'COVER_file)
+                  generate_coverage_page Conf}
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+     
+      PRE_test ⍬
+      Z←FromSpace TEST_step Argument
+      POST_test ⍬
+      COVER_step ⍬
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ load_display_if_not_already_loaded
+      :If 0=⎕NC'#.DISPLAY'
+          'DISPLAY'#.⎕CY'display'
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ load_salt_scripts_into_current_namespace_if_configured
+      :If 0≠⎕NC'#.UT.appdir'
+          :If ⍬≢#.UT.appdir
+              ⎕SE.SALT.Load #.UT.appdir,'src/*.dyalog -target=#'
+              ⎕SE.SALT.Load #.UT.appdir,'test/*.dyalog -target=#'
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace single_function_test_function TestName
+      Z←run_ut FromSpace TestName
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace list_of_functions_test_function ListOfNames;t
+      t←⎕TS
+      Z←run_ut¨{FromSpace ⍵}¨ListOfNames
+      t←⎕TS-t
+      ('Test execution report')print_passed_crashed_failed Z t
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace file_test_function FilePath;FileNS;Functions;TestFunctions;t
+      FileNS←⎕SE.SALT.Load FilePath,' -target=#'
+      Functions←↓FileNS.⎕NL 3
+      TestFunctions←(is_test¨Functions)/Functions
+      :If (0/⍬,⊂0/'')≡TestFunctions
+          ⎕←'No test functions found'
+          Z←⍬
+      :Else
+          t←⎕TS
+          Z←run_ut¨{FileNS ⍵}¨TestFunctions
+          t←⎕TS-t
+          (FilePath,' tests')print_passed_crashed_failed Z t
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace test_dir_function Test_files
+      :If Test_files≡⍬/⍬,⊂''
+          ⎕←'No test files found'
+          Z←⍬
+      :Else
+          Z←#.UT.run¨Test_files
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←get_file_name Argument;separator
+      separator←⊃⌽(Argument∊'/\')/⍳⍴Argument
+      Z←¯7↓separator↓Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ generate_coverage_page Conf;ProfileData;CoverResults;HTML
+      ProfileData←⎕PROFILE'data'
+      ToCover←retrieve_coverables¨(⊃'cover_target'in Conf)
+      :If (⍴ToCover)≡(⍴⊂1)
+          ToCover←⊃ToCover
+      :EndIf
+      Representations←get_representation¨ToCover
+      CoverResults←ProfileData∘generate_cover_result¨↓ToCover,[1.5]Representations
+      HTML←generate_html CoverResults
+      Conf write_html_to_page HTML
+      ⎕PROFILE'clear'
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←retrieve_coverables Something;nc;functions
+      nc←⎕NC Something
+      :If nc=3
+          Z←Something
+      :ElseIf nc=9
+          functions←strip¨↓⍎Something,'.⎕NL 3'
+          Z←{(Something,'.',⍵)}¨functions
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←strip input
+      Z←(input≠' ')/input
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←get_representation Function;nc;rep
+      nc←⎕NC⊂Function
+      :If nc=3.1
+          rep←↓⎕CR Function
+          rep[1]←⊂'∇',⊃rep[1]
+          rep,←⊂'∇'
+          rep←↑rep
+      :Else
+          rep←⎕CR Function
+      :EndIf
+      Z←rep
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←ProfileData generate_cover_result(name representation);Indices;lines;functionlines;covered_lines
+      Indices←({name≡⍵}¨ProfileData[;1])/⍳⍴ProfileData[;1]
+      lines←ProfileData[Indices;2]
+      nc←⎕NC⊂name
+      :If 3.1=nc
+          functionlines←¯2+⍴↓representation
+      :Else
+          functionlines←⊃⍴↓representation
+      :EndIf
+      covered_lines←(⍬∘≢¨lines)/lines
+      Z←(nc lines functionlines covered_lines representation)
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←generate_html CoverResults;Covered;Total;Percentage;CoverageText;ColorizedCode;Timestamp;Page
+      Covered←⊃⊃+/{⍴4⊃⍵}¨CoverResults
+      Total←⊃⊃+/{3⊃⍵}¨CoverResults
+      Percentage←100×Covered÷Total
+      CoverageText←'Coverage: ',Percentage,'% (',Covered,'/',Total,')'
+      ColorizedCode←⊃,/{colorize_code_by_coverage ⍵}¨CoverResults
+      Timestamp←generate_timestamp_text
+      Page←⍬
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<html>'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"/>'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<style>pre cov {line-height:80%;}'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'pre cov {color: green;}'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'pre uncov {line-height:80%;}'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'pre uncov {color:red;}</style>'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,CoverageText
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<pre>'
+      Page,←ColorizedCode
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'</pre>'
+      Page,←Timestamp
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'</html>'
+      Z←Page
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←colorize_code_by_coverage CoverResult;Colors;Ends;Code
+      :If 3.1=⊃CoverResult
+          Colors←(2+3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'<uncov>'
+          Colors[1]←⊂''
+          Colors[⍴Colors]←⊂''
+          Ends←(2+3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'</uncov>'
+          Ends[1]←⊂''
+          Ends[⍴Ends]←⊂''
+      :Else
+          Colors←(3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'<uncov>'
+          Ends←(3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'</uncov>'
+      :EndIf
+      Colors[1+4⊃CoverResult]←⊂'<cov>'
+      Ends[1+4⊃CoverResult]←⊂'</cov>'
+      Code←↓5⊃CoverResult
+      Z←Colors,[1.5]Code
+      Z←{⍺,(⎕UCS 13),⍵}/Z,Ends
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←generate_timestamp_text;TS;YYMMDD;HHMMSS
+      TS←⎕TS
+      YYMMDD←⊃{⍺,'-',⍵}/3↑TS
+      HHMMSS←⊃{⍺,':',⍵}/3↑3↓TS
+      Z←'Page generated: ',YYMMDD,'|',HHMMSS
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Conf write_html_to_page Page;tie;filename
+      filename←(⊃'cover_out'in Conf),(⊃'cover_file'in Conf)
+      :Trap 22
+          tie←filename ⎕NTIE 0
+          filename ⎕NERASE tie
+          filename ⎕NCREATE tie
+      :Else
+          tie←filename ⎕NCREATE 0
+      :EndTrap
+      Simple_array←⍕⊃,/Page
+      (⎕UCS'UTF-8'⎕UCS Simple_array)⎕NAPPEND tie
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_function Argument
+      Z←'_TEST'≡¯5↑Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_list_of_functions Argument
+      Z←2=≡Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_file Argument
+      Z←'.dyalog'≡¯7↑Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_dir Argument;attr
+      :If 'Linux'≡5↑⊃'.'⎕WG'APLVersion'
+          Z←'yes'≡⊃⎕CMD'test -d ',Argument,' && echo yes || echo no'
+      :Else
+          'gfa'⎕NA'I kernel32|GetFileAttributes* <0t'
+          :If Z←¯1≠attr←gfa⊂Argument ⍝ If file exists
+              Z←⊃2 16⊤attr           ⍝ Return bit 4
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+
+    ∇ Z←test_files_in_dir Argument
+      :If 'Linux'≡5↑⊃'.'⎕WG'APLVersion'
+          Z←⎕SH'find ',Argument,' -name \*_tests.dyalog'
+      :Else
+          #.⎕CY'files'
+          Z←#.Files.Dir Argument,'\*_tests.dyalog'
+          Z←(Argument,'\')∘,¨Z
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←run_ut ut_data;returned;crashed;pass;crash;fail;message
+      (returned crashed time)←execute_function ut_data
+      (pass crash fail)←determine_pass_crash_or_fail returned crashed
+      message←determine_message pass fail crashed(2⊃ut_data)returned time
+      print_message_to_screen message
+      Z←(pass crash fail)
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←execute_function ut_data;function;t
+      reset_UT_globals
+      function←(⍕(⊃ut_data[1])),'.',⊃ut_data[2]
+      :Trap sac
+          :If 3.2≡⎕NC⊂function
+              t←⎕TS
+              Z←(⍎function,' ⍬')0
+              t←⎕TS-t
+          :Else
+              t←⎕TS
+              Z←(⍎function)0
+              t←⎕TS-t
+          :EndIf
+     
+      :Else
+          Z←(↑⎕DM)1
+          :If exception≢⍬
+              expect←exception
+              Z[2]←0
+              t←⎕TS-t
+          :EndIf
+      :EndTrap
+      Z,←⊂t
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ reset_UT_globals
+      expect_orig ← expect← ⎕NS⍬
+      exception←⍬
+      nexpect_orig ← nexpect← ⎕NS⍬
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_test FunctionName;wsIndex
+      wsIndex←FunctionName⍳' '
+      FunctionName←(wsIndex-1)↑FunctionName
+      Z←'_TEST'≡¯5↑FunctionName
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Heading print_passed_crashed_failed(ArrayRes time)
+      ⎕←'-----------------------------------------'
+      ⎕←Heading
+      ⎕←'    ⍋  Passed: ',+/{1⊃⍵}¨ArrayRes
+      ⎕←'    ⍟ Crashed: ',+/{2⊃⍵}¨ArrayRes
+      ⎕←'    ⍒  Failed: ',+/{3⊃⍵}¨ArrayRes
+      ⎕←'    ○ Runtime: ',time[5],'m',time[6],'s',time[7],'ms'
+    ∇
+    
+    determine_pass_crash_or_fail←{
+      r c←⍵ ⋄ 0≠c:0 1 0 ⋄ z←(0 0 1)(1 0 0)
+      expect_orig≢expect:(⎕IO+expect≡r)⊃z ⋄ (⎕IO+nexpect≢r)⊃z
+    }
+
+    ∇ Z←determine_message(pass fail crashed name returned time)
+      :If crashed
+          Z←'CRASHED: 'failure_message name returned
+      :ElseIf pass
+          Z←'Passed ',time[5],'m',time[6],'s',time[7],'ms'
+      :Else
+          Z←'FAILED: 'failure_message name returned
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ print_message_to_screen message
+      ⎕←message
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←term_to_text Term;Text;Rows
+      Text←#.DISPLAY Term
+      Rows←1⊃⍴Text
+      Z←(Rows 4⍴''),Text
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←Cause failure_message(name returned);hdr;exp;expterm;got;gotterm
+      hdr←Cause,name
+      exp←'Expected'
+      expterm←term_to_text #.UT.expect
+      got←'Got'
+      gotterm←term_to_text returned
+      Z←align_and_join_message_parts hdr exp expterm got gotterm
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←align_and_join_message_parts Parts;hdr;exp;expterm;got;gotterm;R1;C1;R2;C2;W
+      (hdr exp expterm got gotterm)←Parts
+      (R1 C1)←⍴expterm
+      (R2 C2)←⍴gotterm
+      W←⊃⊃⌈/C1 C2(⍴hdr)(⍴exp)(⍴got)
+      Z←(W↑hdr),[0.5](W↑exp)
+      Z←Z⍪(R1 W↑expterm)
+      Z←Z⍪(W↑got)
+      Z←Z⍪(R2 W↑gotterm)
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←confparam in config
+      Z←1↓⊃({confparam≡⊃⍵}¨config)/config
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←config has confparam
+      Z←∨/{confparam≡⊃⍵}¨config
+    ∇
+
+:EndNameSpace

samples/Assembly/External Interrupt.a51

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+	ORG	0000h
+	SJMP	START
+	ORG	0003h
+	LCALL	INT0_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	000Bh
+	LCALL	T0_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	0013h
+	LCALL	INT1_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	001Bh
+	LCALL	T1_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	0023h
+	LCALL	UART_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	0030h
+START:
+	MOV	A,#11111110b
+	SETB	IT0	; Set External Interrupt 0 to be falling edge triggered
+	SETB	EX0	; Enable External Interrut 0
+	SETB	EA	; Enable Interrupt
+LEFT:			
+	CJNE	A,#01111111b,LOOP1
+	JMP	RIGHT
+LOOP1:
+	MOV	P1,A
+	RL	A	
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	SJMP	LEFT	
+RIGHT:
+	CJNE	A,#11111110b,LOOP2
+	JMP	LEFT
+LOOP2:
+	MOV	P1,A
+	RR	A	
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	SJMP	RIGHT
+	
+INT0_ISR:
+	MOV	R1,#3
+FLASH:
+	MOV	P1,#00h
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	MOV	P1,#0FFh
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	DJNZ	R1,FLASH
+	RET
+T0_ISR:
+	RET
+INT1_ISR:
+	RET
+T1_ISR:
+	RET
+UART_ISR:
+	RET
+
+DELAY:	MOV	R5,#20	;R5*20 mS
+D1:     MOV	R6,#40
+D2:     MOV	R7,#249
+	DJNZ	R7,$
+ 	DJNZ	R6,D2
+  	DJNZ	R5,D1
+   	RET
+	END

samples/C++/bar.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+class Bar
+{
+  protected:
+
+    char *name;
+
+  public:
+
+    void hello();
+}

samples/Golo/adapters.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Adapters
+
+local function list_sample = |fabric| {
+  println(">>> list_sample()")
+  let carbonCopy = list[]
+  let conf = map[
+    ["extends", "java.util.ArrayList"],
+    ["overrides", map[
+      ["*", |super, name, args| {
+        if name == "add" {
+          if args: length() == 2 {
+            carbonCopy: add(args: get(1))
+          } else {
+            carbonCopy: add(args: get(1), args: get(2))
+          }
+        }
+        return super: invokeWithArguments(args)
+      }
+    ]]
+  ]]
+  let list = fabric: maker(conf): newInstance()
+  list: add("bar")
+  list: add(0, "foo")
+  list: add("baz")
+  println("      list: " + list + " " + list: getClass())
+  println("carbonCopy: " + carbonCopy + " " + carbonCopy: getClass())
+}
+
+local function runnable_sample = |fabric| {
+  println(">>> runnable_sample")
+  let result = array[1, 2, 3]
+  let conf = map[
+    ["interfaces", ["java.io.Serializable", "java.lang.Runnable"]],
+    ["implements", map[
+      ["run", |this| {
+        for (var i = 0, i < result: length(), i = i + 1) {
+          result: set(i, result: get(i) + 10)
+        }
+      }]
+    ]]
+  ]
+  let runner = fabric: maker(conf): newInstance()
+  runner: run()
+  println("      result: " + result: toString())
+  println("serializable? " + (runner oftype java.io.Serializable.class))
+  println("    runnable? " + (runner oftype java.lang.Runnable.class))
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let fabric = AdapterFabric()
+  list_sample(fabric)
+  runnable_sample(fabric)
+}

samples/Golo/async.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.AsyncHelpers
+
+import gololang.Async
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors
+
+local function fib = |n| {
+  if n <= 1 {
+    return n
+  } else {
+    return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let executor = newCachedThreadPool()
+  println("Let's do some useless asynchronous operations...")
+
+  var f = executor: enqueue({
+    Thread.sleep(1000_L)
+    return 666
+  })
+  f:
+    onSet(|v| -> println(">>> #slow -> " + v)): 
+    onFail(|e| -> println(">>> #fail -> " + e))
+  f:
+    cancel(true)
+
+  f = executor: enqueue({
+    Thread.sleep(1000_L)
+    return 666
+  })
+  f:
+    onSet(|v| -> println(">>> #ok -> " + v)): 
+    onFail(|e| -> println(">>> #wtf? -> " + e))
+
+  let fib_10 = promise()
+  let fib_20 = promise()
+  let fib_30 = promise()
+  let fib_40 = promise()
+
+  let futures = [
+    fib_10: future(), fib_20: future(), 
+    fib_30: future(), fib_40: future()
+  ]
+
+  executor: submit(-> fib_10: set(fib(10)))
+  executor: submit(-> fib_20: set(fib(20)))
+  executor: submit(-> fib_30: set(fib(30)))
+  executor: submit(-> fib_40: set(fib(40)))
+
+  all(futures): onSet(|results| -> println(">>> Fibs: " + results))
+
+  let truth = promise()
+  truth: 
+    future(): 
+    map(|v| -> "truth=" + v): 
+    onSet(|v| -> executor: submit(-> println(">>> (another thread) " + v))):
+    onSet(|v| -> println(">>> (same thread) " + v))
+  executor: submit({
+    Thread.sleep(500_L)
+    truth: set(42)
+  })
+  
+  Thread.sleep(1000_L)
+  executor: shutdown()
+  executor: awaitTermination(2_L, SECONDS())
+  println("Bye!")
+}

samples/Golo/augmentations.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Augmentations
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+augment java.util.List {
+  function with = |this, value| {
+    this: add(value)
+    return this
+  }
+}
+
+augment java.util.Collection {
+  function doToEach = |this, func| {
+    foreach (element in this) {
+      func(element)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let list = LinkedList(): with("foo"): with("bar"): with("baz")
+  list: doToEach(|value| -> println(">>> " + value))
+}

samples/Golo/closures.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module Closures
+
+local function sayHello = |who| -> "Hello " + who + "!"
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let adder = |a, b| -> a + b
+  println(adder: invokeWithArguments(1, 2))
+  println(adder(1, 2))
+
+  let addToTen = adder: bindTo(10)
+  println(addToTen: invokeWithArguments(2))
+  println(addToTen(2))
+
+  let adding = |x| -> |y| -> adder(x, y)
+  let addingTen = adding(10)
+  println(addingTen(4))
+  println(adding(2)(4))
+
+  println(sayHello("Julien"))
+
+  let list = java.util.LinkedList()
+  let pump_it = {
+    list: add("I heard you say")
+    list: add("Hey!")
+    list: add("Hey!")
+  }
+  pump_it()
+  println(list)
+}

samples/Golo/coin-change.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module CoinChange
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+function change = |money, coins| -> match {
+  when money == 0 then 1
+  when (money < 0) or (coins: isEmpty()) then 0
+  otherwise change(money - coins: head(), coins) + change(money, coins: tail())
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let coins = LinkedList(): append(1, 2, 5, 10, 20)
+  println("Coins: " + coins)
+  println("0: " + change(0, coins))
+  println("1: " + change(1, coins))
+  println("2: " + change(2, coins))
+  println("10: " + change(10, coins))
+  println("12: " + change(12, coins))
+  println("6: " + change(6, coins))
+}

samples/Golo/collection-literals.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.CollectionLiterals
+
+local function play_with_tuples = {
+  let hello = ["Hello", "world", "!"]
+  foreach str in hello {
+    print(str + " ")
+  }
+  println("")
+
+  println(hello: get(0) + "-" + hello: get(1) + "-" + hello: get(2))
+
+  println(hello: join("/"))
+}
+
+local function play_with_literals = {
+  let data = [
+    [1, 2, 3],
+    tuple[1, 2, 3],
+    array[1, 2, 3],
+    set[1, 2, 3, 3, 1],
+    map[
+      ["a", 10],
+      ["b", 20]
+    ],
+    vector[1, 2, 3],
+    list[1, 2, 3]
+  ]
+
+  data: each(|element| {
+    println(element: toString())
+    println("  type: " + element: getClass())
+  })
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(">>> Literals")
+  play_with_literals()
+  println("\n>>> Tuples")
+  play_with_tuples()
+}
+

samples/Golo/context-decorator.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.ContextDecorator
+
+import gololang.Decorators
+
+let myContext = defaultContext():
+  count(0):
+  define("entry", |this, args| {
+    this: count(this: count() + 1)
+    println("hello:" + this: count())
+    return args
+  }):
+  define("exit", |this, result| {
+    require(result >= 3, "wrong value")
+    println("goobye")
+    return result
+  }):
+  define("catcher", |this, e| {
+    println("Caught " + e)
+    throw e
+  }):
+  define("finallizer", |this| {println("do some cleanup")})
+
+
+@withContext(myContext)
+function foo = |a, b| {
+  println("Hard computation")
+  return a + b
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(foo(1,2))
+  println("====")
+  println(withContext(myContext)(|a| -> 2*a)(3))
+  println("====")
+  try {
+    println(foo(1, 1))
+  } catch (e) { }
+}
+

samples/Golo/decorators.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Decorators
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+function simple_decorator = |func| {
+  return |a,b| -> func(a+1,b+1)
+}
+
+@simple_decorator
+function simple_adder = |x,y| -> x + y
+
+function decorator_with_params = |param1, param2|{
+  return |func| {
+    return |a,b| -> func(a+param1,b+param2)
+  }
+}
+
+@decorator_with_params(10,2)
+function parametrized_adder = |x,y| -> x + y
+
+function generic_decorator = |func| {
+  return |args...| {
+    println("number of params : "+args: length())
+    return func: invokeWithArguments(args)
+  }
+}
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder0 = -> 42
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder1 = |x| -> x
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder2 = |x,y| -> x + y
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder3 = |x,y,z| -> x + y + z
+
+function list_sum_decorator = |func| {
+    return |this| -> func(this) - 8
+}
+
+augment java.util.List {
+
+  @list_sum_decorator
+  function sum = |this| {
+    var acc = 0
+    foreach elem in this {
+        acc = acc + elem
+    }
+    return acc
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(simple_adder(10,30))
+  println(parametrized_adder(10,20))
+  println(generic_adder0())
+  println(generic_adder1(42))
+  println(generic_adder2(20,22))
+  println(generic_adder3(10,12,20))
+  let list = LinkedList()
+  list: add(5)
+  list: add(10)
+  list: add(15)
+  list: add(20)
+  println(list: sum())
+}

samples/Golo/dynamic-evaluation.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.DynamicEvaluation
+
+import gololang.EvaluationEnvironment
+
+local function test_asModule = |env| {
+  let code =
+"""
+module foo
+
+function a = -> "a!"
+function b = -> "b!"
+"""
+  let mod = env: asModule(code)
+  let a = fun("a", mod)
+  let b = fun("b", mod)
+  println(">>> asModule()")
+  println(a())
+  println(b())
+}
+
+local function test_anonymousModule = |env| {
+  let code =
+"""
+function a = -> "a."
+function b = -> "b."
+"""
+  let mod = env: anonymousModule(code)
+  let a = fun("a", mod)
+  let b = fun("b", mod)
+  println(">>> anonymousModule()")
+  println(a())
+  println(b())
+}
+
+local function test_asFunction = |env| {
+  let code = "return (a + b) * 2"
+  let f = env: asFunction(code, "a", "b")
+  println(">>> asFunction")
+  println(f(10, 20))
+}
+
+local function test_def = |env| {
+  let code = "|a, b| -> (a + b) * 2"
+  let f = env: def(code)
+  println(">>> def")
+  println(f(10, 20))
+}
+
+local function test_run = |env| {
+  let code = """println(">>> run")
+  foreach (i in range(0, 3)) {
+    println("w00t")
+  }"""
+  env: run(code)
+}
+
+local function test_run_map = |env| {
+  let code = """println(">>> run_map")
+  println(a)
+  println(b)
+  """
+  let values = java.util.TreeMap(): add("a", 1): add("b", 2)
+  env: run(code, values)
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let env = EvaluationEnvironment()
+  test_asModule(env)
+  test_anonymousModule(env)
+  test_asFunction(env)
+  test_def(env)
+  test_run(env)
+  test_run_map(env)
+}

samples/Golo/dynamic-object-person.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.DynamicObjectPerson
+
+local function mrbean = -> DynamicObject():
+  name("Mr Bean"):
+  email("mrbean@gmail.com"):
+  define("toString", |this| -> this: name() + " <" + this: email() + ">")
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let bean = mrbean()
+  println(bean: toString())
+
+  bean: email("mrbean@outlook.com")
+  println(bean: toString())
+}

samples/Golo/echo-args.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module EchoArgs
+
+function main = |args| {
+  
+  println("With a for loop and an index:")
+  for (var i = 0, i < args: length(), i = i + 1) {
+    println("  #" + i + " -> " + args: get(i))
+  }
+
+  println("With a foreach loop:")
+  foreach arg in args {
+    println("  " + arg)
+  }
+
+  println("With a foreach over a range:")
+  foreach i in range(0, args: length()) {
+    println("  #" + i + " -> " + args: get(i))
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/enums-thread-state.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module sample.EnumsThreadState
+
+import java.lang.Thread$State
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  # Call the enum entry like a function
+  let new = Thread$State.NEW()
+  println("name=" + new: name() + ", ordinal=" + new: ordinal())
+  println("-----------")
+
+  # Walk through all enum entries
+  foreach element in Thread$State.values() {
+    println("name=" + element: name() + ", ordinal=" + element: ordinal())
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/fibonacci.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Fibonacci
+
+import java.lang.System
+
+function fib = |n| {
+  if n <= 1 {
+    return n
+  } else {
+    return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+  }
+}
+
+local function run = {
+  let start = System.currentTimeMillis()
+  let result = fib(40)
+  let duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start
+  println(">>> " + result + " (took " + duration + "ms)")
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  while true {
+    run()
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/helloworld.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module hello.World
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println("Hello world!")
+}
+

samples/Golo/http-server.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.WebServer
+
+import java.lang
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress
+import com.sun.net.httpserver
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let server = HttpServer.create(InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8081), 0)
+  
+  server: createContext("/", |exchange| {
+    let headers = exchange: getResponseHeaders()
+    let response = StringBuilder():
+      append("Requested URI: "):
+      append(exchange: getRequestURI()):
+      append("\n"):
+      append("Current time: "):
+      append(java.util.Date()):
+      append("\n"):
+      toString()
+    headers: set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
+    exchange: sendResponseHeaders(200, response: length())
+    exchange: getResponseBody(): write(response: getBytes())
+    exchange: close()
+  })
+
+  server: createContext("/shutdown", |exchange| {
+    let response = "Ok, thanks, bye!"
+    exchange: getResponseHeaders(): set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
+    exchange: sendResponseHeaders(200, response: length())
+    exchange: getResponseBody(): write(response: getBytes())
+    exchange: close()
+    server: stop(5)
+  })
+
+  server: start()
+  println(">>> http://localhost:8081/")
+}

samples/Golo/logdeco.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+
+module samples.LogDeco
+
+function log1 = |msg| {
+    return |fun| {
+        return |args...| {
+            println(msg)
+            return fun: invokeWithArguments(args)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@log1("calling foo")
+function foo = |a| {
+    println("foo got a " + a)
+}
+
+@log1("I'am a bar")
+function bar = |a| -> 2*a
+
+let sayHello = log1("Hello")
+
+@sayHello
+function baz = -> "Goodbye"
+
+function log2 = |msgBefore| -> |msgAfter| -> |func| -> |args...| {
+    println(msgBefore)
+    let res = func: invokeWithArguments(args)
+    println(msgAfter)
+    return res
+}
+
+@log2("enter foo")("exit foo")
+function spam = |a| {
+    println("foo: " + a)
+}
+
+function logEnterExit = |name| -> log2("# enter " + name)("# exit " + name)
+
+@logEnterExit("bar")
+function egg = { println("doing something...") }
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+    foo("bar")
+    
+    println("---")
+    println(bar(21))
+    
+    println("---")
+    println(baz())
+
+    println("---")
+    spam("bar")
+
+    println("---")
+    egg()
+
+    println("---")
+    let strange_use = log2("hello")("goodbye")({println(":p")})
+    strange_use()
+
+    println("---")
+    log2("another")("use")(|a|{println(a)})("strange")
+}

samples/Golo/matching-operator.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module Matching
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+local function data = {
+  let list = LinkedList()
+  list: add("foo@bar.com")
+  list: add("+33.6.11.22.33")
+  list: add("http://golo-lang.org/")
+  list: add("def foo = bar(_._) with :> T")
+  return list
+}
+
+local function what_it_could_be = |item| -> match {
+  when item: contains("@") then "an email?"
+  when item: startsWith("+33") then "a French phone number?"
+  when item: startsWith("http://") then "a website URL?"
+  otherwise "I have no clue, mate!"
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  foreach item in data() {
+    println(item + " => " + what_it_could_be(item))
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/max-int.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.MaxInt
+
+local function max_int = {
+  return java.lang.Integer.MAX_VALUE()
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(max_int())
+}
+

samples/Golo/memoize.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.MemoizeDecorator
+
+import gololang.Decorators
+
+import java.lang.System
+
+let memo = memoizer()
+
+@memo
+function fib = |n| {
+  if n <= 1 {
+    return n
+  } else {
+    return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+  }
+}
+
+@memo
+function foo = |n| -> n
+
+local function run = {
+  let start = System.currentTimeMillis()
+  let result = fib(40)
+  let duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start
+  println(">>> fib(40) = " + result + " (took " + duration + "ms)")
+}
+
+local function run2 = {
+  let start = System.currentTimeMillis()
+  let result = foo(40)
+  let duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start
+  println(">>> foo(40) = " + result + " (took " + duration + "ms)")
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  foreach i in range(0, 5) {
+    println("run " + i)
+    run()
+    run2()
+  }
+}

samples/Golo/null-safety.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module DealingWithNull
+
+import java.util
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  # Data model
+  let contacts = map[
+    ["mrbean", map[
+      ["email", "bean@gmail.com"],
+      ["url", "http://mrbean.com"]
+    ]],
+    ["larry", map[
+      ["email", "larry@iamricherthanyou.com"]
+    ]]
+  ]
+
+  # MrBean and Larry
+  let mrbean = contacts: get("mrbean")
+  let larry = contacts: get("larry")
+  
+  # Illustrates orIfNull
+  println(mrbean: get("url") orIfNull "n/a")
+  println(larry: get("url") orIfNull "n/a")
+
+  # Querying a non-existent data model because there is no 'address' entry
+  println(mrbean: get("address")?: street()?: number() orIfNull "n/a")
+}
+

samples/Golo/prepost-decorators.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.PrepostDecorator
+
+import gololang.Decorators
+
+let isInteger = isOfType(Integer.class)
+
+@checkResult(isString(): andThen(lengthIs(2)))
+@checkArguments(isInteger: andThen(isPositive()), isString())
+function foo = |a, b| {
+    return b + a
+}
+
+let myCheck = checkArguments(isInteger: andThen(isPositive()))
+
+@myCheck
+function inv = |v| -> 1.0 / v
+
+let isPositiveInt = isInteger: andThen(isPositive())
+
+@checkArguments(isPositiveInt)
+function mul = |v| -> 10 * v
+
+@checkArguments(isNumber())
+function num = |v| -> "ok"
+
+@checkArguments(isNotNull())
+function notnull = |v| -> "ok"
+
+function main = |args| {
+    try { println(foo(1, "b")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo(-1, "b")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo("a", 2)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo(1, 2)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo(10, "ab")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(inv(10)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(inv(0)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(mul(5)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(mul(0)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(num(1)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num(1_L)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num(1.5)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num(1.5_F)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num("a")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num('a')) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(notnull('1')) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(notnull(null)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+}

samples/Golo/structs.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module StructDemo
+
+struct Point = { x, y }
+
+augment StructDemo.types.Point {
+
+  function move = |this, offsetX, offsetY| {
+    this: x(this: x() + offsetX)
+    this: y(this: y() + offsetY)
+    return this
+  }
+
+  function relative = |this, offsetX, offsetY| -> Point(this: x() + offsetX, this: y() + offsetY)
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  
+  let p1 = Point(1, 2)
+  let p2 = Point(): x(1): y(2)
+  let p3 = p1: frozenCopy()
+  let p4 = p1: frozenCopy()
+
+  println(p1)
+  println("x = " + p1: x())
+  println("y = " + p1: y())
+
+  println("p1 == p2 " + (p1 == p2))
+  println("p1 == p3 " + (p1 == p3))
+  println("p3 == p4 " + (p3 == p4))
+
+  println("#p1 " + p1: hashCode())
+  println("#p2 " + p2: hashCode())
+  println("#p3 " + p3: hashCode())
+  println("#p4 " + p4: hashCode())
+
+  println("p1: members() " + p1: members())
+  println("p1: values() " + p1: values())
+  foreach item in p1 {
+    println(item: get(0) + " -> " + item: get(1))
+  }
+
+  println("p1: set(\"x\", 10) " + p1: set("x", 10))
+  println("p1: move(10, 5) " + p1: move(10, 5))
+  println("p1: relative(11, 6) " + p1: relative(11, 6))
+
+  let p5 = ImmutablePoint(10, 20)
+  println("p5: " + p5)
+  try {
+    p5: x(100)
+  } catch (expected) {
+    println("p5 is immutable, so... " + expected: getMessage())
+  }
+}
+
+

samples/Golo/swing-actionlistener.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.SwingActionListener
+
+import java.awt.event
+import javax.swing
+import javax.swing.WindowConstants
+
+local function listener = |handler| -> asInterfaceInstance(ActionListener.class, handler)
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let frame = JFrame("Action listeners")
+  frame: setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE())
+
+  let button = JButton("Click me!")
+  button: setFont(button: getFont(): deriveFont(96.0_F))
+
+  # Using a helper function
+  button: addActionListener(listener(|event| -> println("Clicked!")))
+
+  # Using a standard augmentation: MethodHandle::to(Class)
+  button: addActionListener((|event| -> println("[click]")): to(ActionListener.class))
+
+  # Straight closure passing
+  button: addActionListener(|event| -> println("( )"))
+
+  frame: getContentPane(): add(button)
+  frame: pack()
+  frame: setVisible(true)
+}

samples/Golo/swing-helloworld.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.SwingHelloWorld
+
+import javax.swing
+import javax.swing.WindowConstants
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let frame = JFrame("Hello world")
+  frame: setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE())
+
+  let label = JLabel("Hello world")
+  label: setFont(label: getFont(): deriveFont(128.0_F))
+
+  frame: getContentPane(): add(label)
+  frame: pack()
+  frame: setVisible(true)
+}

samples/Golo/templates-chat-webapp.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.TemplatesChatWebapp
+
+import java.lang
+import java.io
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress
+import com.sun.net.httpserver
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer
+
+local function redirect = |exchange, to| {
+  exchange: getResponseHeaders(): set("Location", to)
+  exchange: sendResponseHeaders(303, 0)
+  exchange: close()
+}
+
+local function respond = |exchange, body| {
+  exchange: getResponseHeaders(): set("Content-Type", "text/html")
+  exchange: sendResponseHeaders(200, body: length())
+  exchange: getResponseBody(): write(body: getBytes())
+  exchange: close()
+}
+
+# This is leaky and works with just 1 POST parameter...
+local function extract_post = |exchange, posts| {
+  let reader = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(exchange: getRequestBody()))
+  var line = reader: readLine()
+  while line isnt null {
+    if line: startsWith("msg=") {
+      posts: add(java.net.URLDecoder.decode(line: substring(4), "UTF-8"))
+    }
+    line = reader: readLine()
+  }
+  reader: close()
+}
+
+
+local function index = |posts, template, exchange| {
+  if exchange: getRequestMethod() == "POST" {
+    extract_post(exchange, posts)
+    redirect(exchange, "/")
+  } else {
+    respond(exchange, template(posts))
+  }
+}
+
+local function index_template = -> """
+<%@params posts %>
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Golo Chat</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+  <form action="/" method="post">
+    <input type="text" name="msg">
+    <input type="submit" value="Send">
+  </form>
+  <div>
+    <h3>Last posts</h3>
+    <% foreach post in posts { %>
+      <div>
+        <%= post %>
+      </div>
+    <% } %>
+  </div>
+  </body>
+</html>
+"""
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let index_tpl = gololang.TemplateEngine(): compile(index_template())
+  let posts = java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque()
+  let server = HttpServer.create(InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8081), 0)
+  server: createContext("/", ^index: bindTo(posts): bindTo(index_tpl))
+  server: start()
+  println(">>> http://localhost:8081/")
+}

samples/Golo/util-containers.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module MoreCoolContainers
+
+function main = |args| {
+  
+  println(">>> DynamicVariable")
+
+  let dyn = DynamicVariable("Foo")
+  println(dyn: value())
+  
+  let t1 = Thread({
+  dyn: withValue(666, {
+      println(dyn: value())
+    })
+  })
+  
+  let t2 = Thread({
+    dyn: withValue(69, {
+      println(dyn: value())
+    })
+  })
+
+  t1: start()
+  t2: start()
+  t1: join()
+  t2: join()
+  println(dyn: value())
+
+  println(">>> Observable")
+
+  let foo = Observable("Foo")
+  foo: onChange(|v| -> println("foo = " + v))
+
+  let mapped = foo: map(|v| -> v + "!")
+  mapped: onChange(|v| -> println("mapped = " + v))
+  
+  foo: set("69")
+}

samples/Golo/workers.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module Workers
+
+import java.lang.Thread
+import java.util.concurrent
+import gololang.concurrent.workers.WorkerEnvironment
+
+local function pusher = |queue, message| -> queue: offer(message)
+
+local function generator = |port, message| {
+  foreach i in range(0, 100) {
+    port: send(message)
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let env = WorkerEnvironment.builder(): withFixedThreadPool()
+  let queue = ConcurrentLinkedQueue()
+
+  let pusherPort = env: spawn(^pusher: bindTo(queue))
+  let generatorPort = env: spawn(^generator: bindTo(pusherPort))
+
+  let finishPort = env: spawn(|any| -> env: shutdown())
+
+  foreach i in range(0, 10) {
+    generatorPort: send("[" + i + "]")
+  }
+  Thread.sleep(2000_L)
+  finishPort: send("Die!")
+
+  env: awaitTermination(2000)
+  println(queue: reduce("", |acc, next| -> acc + " " + next))
+}
+

samples/Hack/Assert.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+final class AssertException extends Exception {}
+
+final class Assert {
+  public static function isNum(mixed $x): num {
+    if (is_float($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    } else if (is_int($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected an int or float value');
+  }
+
+  public static function isInt(mixed $x): int {
+    if (is_int($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected an int');
+  }
+
+  public static function isFloat(mixed $x): float {
+    if (is_float($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected a float');
+  }
+
+  public static function isString(mixed $x): string {
+    if (is_string($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected a string');
+  }
+
+  // For arrays you need to check every element
+  public static function isArrayOf<T>(
+    (function(mixed): T) $fn,
+    mixed $x,
+  ): array<T> {
+    if (is_array($x)) {
+      return array_map($fn, $x);
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected an array');
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/AssertRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class AssertRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return 'Assert';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'When you have values with unknown types, it is useful to make '.
+      'some runtime assertions and have the type checker understand. This '.
+      'recipe demonstrates one approach.';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'Assert.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector{
+      tuple ('Mixed Types', 'hack.annotations.mixedtypes'),
+      tuple ('Type Inference', 'hack.otherrulesandfeatures.typeinference'),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return assert_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): ?:xhp {
+    return null;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/Controller.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/startup/init.php';
+
+abstract class Controller {
+  protected function __construct() {
+    startup();
+  }
+
+  abstract protected function getCSS(): Set<string>;
+  abstract protected function getJS(): Set<string>;
+  abstract protected function getTitle(): string;
+  abstract protected function render(): :xhp;
+
+  final protected function getHead(): :xhp {
+    $css = $this->getCSS()->toVector()->map(
+      ($css) ==> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href={$css} />
+    );
+    $js = $this->getJS()->toVector()->map(
+      ($js) ==> <script src={$js} />
+    );
+    return
+      <head>
+      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
+        <title>{$this->getTitle()}</title>
+        {$css->toArray()}
+        {$js->toArray()}
+      </head>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/DBResultRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class DBResultRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return 'DB Result';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'Fetching data from a DB introduces a few typing challenges. '.
+      'First, the data comes back untyped. Second, a row in a DB generally '.
+      'contains columns of different types.';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'FakeDB.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector{
+      tuple ('Hack Shapes', 'hack.shapes'),
+      tuple ('Mixed Types', 'hack.annotations.mixedtypes'),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return db_result_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): ?:xhp {
+    return null;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/Documentation.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/vendor/hhvm/xhp/src/init.php';
+
+final class :documentation extends :x:element {
+  attribute string name;
+
+  protected function render(): :xhp {
+    $name = implode('.', explode(' ', $this->getAttribute('name'))).".php";
+    $href = "http://hhvm.com/manual/en/$name";
+    return <a class="docs button" href={$href} target="_blank">docs &rarr;</a>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/FakeDB.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<?hh // strict
+
+type DBResultExtra = shape('age' => int);
+type DBResult = shape(
+  'id' => int,
+  'name' => string,
+  'extra' => DBResultExtra,
+);
+
+final class FakeDB {
+  public function getRawRows(): array<array<string, mixed>> {
+    $good_extra = json_encode(array('age' => 40));
+    $bad_extra = 'corrupt data';
+    // Real code would query a DB, but for now let's hardcode it
+    return array(
+      array(
+        'id' => 123,
+        'name' => 'Alice',
+        'extra' => $good_extra,
+      ),
+      array(
+        'id' => 456,
+        'name' => 'Bob',
+        'extra' => $bad_extra,
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * When processing untyped data you need to check each piece of data and
+   * figure out whether to give up or recover when the data is bad
+   */
+  public function processRow(array<string, mixed> $row): ?DBResult {
+    $row = Map::fromArray($row);
+    $id = $row->contains('id') ? $row['id'] : null;
+    $name = $row->contains('name') ? $row['name'] : null;
+    $extra = $row->contains('extra') ? json_decode($row['extra'], true) : null;
+
+    // Ignore rows with invalid IDs or names
+    if (!is_int($id) || !is_string($name)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    // Try to recover from a bad extra column
+    if (!is_array($extra)) {
+      $extra = shape('age' => 0);
+    } else {
+      $extra = Map::fromArray($extra);
+      $extra = shape('age' => $extra->contains('age') ? $extra['age'] : 0);
+    }
+
+    return shape('id' => $id, 'name' => $name, 'extra' => $extra);
+  }
+
+  public function getDBResults(): Vector<DBResult> {
+    $ret = Vector {};
+    foreach ($this->getRawRows() as $raw_row) {
+      $row = $this->processRow($raw_row);
+      if ($row !== null) {
+        $ret->add($row);
+      }
+    }
+    return $ret;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/GetAndPostRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class GetAndPostRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return '$_GET and $_POST';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'A small example of how to interact with superglobals and the '.
+      'untyped data they can contain.';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'NonStrictFile.php',
+      'StrictFile.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector {
+      tuple('invariant()', 'hack.otherrulesandfeatures.invariant'),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return get_and_post_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): :xhp {
+    $url = '/recipes/get-and-post/';
+    return
+      <x:frag>
+        <div>
+          <a href={"$url?myIntParam=8675309#demo"} class="button">GET myIntParam=8675309</a>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+        <a href={"$url?myIntParam=boom#demo"} class="button">GET myIntParam=boom</a>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+        <form action={"$url#demo"} method="post">
+          <input type="hidden" name="myIntParam" value="5551234"/>
+          <input type="submit" class="button" value="POST myIntParam=5551234"/>
+        </form>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+        <form action={"$url#demo"} method="post">
+          <input type="hidden" name="myIntParam" value="boom"/>
+          <input type="submit" class="button" value="POST myIntParam=boom"/>
+        </form>
+        </div>
+      </x:frag>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/GetController.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+abstract class GetController extends Controller {
+  final protected function __construct(private Request $request) {
+    parent::__construct();
+  }
+
+  final protected function getRequest(): Request {
+    return $this->request;
+  }
+
+  final public function go(array<mixed, mixed> $get): void {
+    $request = new Request(Map::fromArray($get));
+    $controller = new static($request);
+    echo "<!DOCTYPE html>";
+    $head = $controller->getHead();
+    $body = $controller->render();
+    echo (string)$head;
+    echo (string)$body;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/HomeController.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/init.php';
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/standard-page/init.php';
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/vendor/hhvm/xhp/src/init.php';
+
+class HomeController extends GetController {
+  use StandardPage;
+
+  protected function getTitle(): string {
+    return 'Hack Cookbook';
+  }
+
+  protected function renderMainColumn(): :xhp {
+    return <div>
+      <h1>Cookbook</h1>
+      <p>
+        The Hack Cookbook helps you write Hack code by giving you examples of
+        Hack code. It is written in Hack and is open source. If you
+        <a href="http://github.com/facebook/hack-example-site">
+          head over to GitHub,
+        </a>
+        you can read the code, check out the repository, and run it
+        yourself. The recipes in this cookbook are small examples that
+        illustrate how to use Hack to solve common and interesting problems.
+      </p>
+    </div>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/MySecureRequest.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?hh // strict
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/funs/init.php';
+
+final class MySecureRequest {
+  public function __construct(private Map<string, mixed> $GETParams) {}
+  public function stringParam(string $name): UNESCAPED_STRING {
+    invariant($this->GETParams->contains($name), 'Unknown GET param: '.$name);
+    $raw_string = $this->GETParams[$name];
+    invariant(is_string($raw_string), $name.' is not a string');
+    return unescaped_string($raw_string);
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/Nav.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/vendor/hhvm/xhp/src/init.php';
+
+type NavItem = shape(
+  'name' => string,
+  'location' => string,
+);
+
+type NavSection = shape(
+  'name' => string,
+  'location' => ?string,
+  'items' => Vector<NavItem>,
+);
+
+final class :hack:nav extends :x:element {
+  private function getNavSections(): Vector<NavSection> {
+    return Vector{
+      shape(
+        'name' => 'Home',
+        'location' => '/',
+        'items' => Vector {},
+      ),
+      shape(
+        'name' => 'GitHub',
+        'location' => 'http://github.com/facebook/hack-example-site',
+        'items' => Vector {},
+      ),
+      shape(
+        'name' => 'Recipes',
+        'location' => null,
+        'items' => Vector {
+          shape(
+            'name' => '$_GET and $_POST',
+            'location' => '/recipes/get-and-post/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'Assert',
+            'location' => '/recipes/assert/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'DB Result',
+            'location' => '/recipes/db-result/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'Unescaped String',
+            'location' => '/recipes/unescaped-string/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'User ID',
+            'location' => '/recipes/user-id/',
+          ),
+        },
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  private function renderNavItems(Vector<NavItem> $items): :xhp {
+    $render_item = $item ==>
+      <li>
+        <a class="navItem" href={$item['location']}>
+          {$item['name']}
+        </a>
+      </li>;
+    return
+      <x:frag>
+        {$items->map($render_item)->toArray()}
+      </x:frag>;
+  }
+
+  private function renderNavSection(NavSection $section): :xhp {
+    $section_item = <h3 class="navItem">{$section['name']}</h3>;
+    if ($section['location'] !== null) {
+      $section_item = <a href={$section['location']}>{$section_item}</a>;
+    }
+    return
+      <li class="navSectionItem">
+        {$section_item}
+        <ul class="navItems">
+          {$this->renderNavItems($section['items'])}
+        </ul>
+      </li>;
+  }
+
+  public function render(): :xhp {
+    $sections = $this->getNavSections()
+      ->map($section ==> $this->renderNavSection($section));
+    return
+      <div class="nav">
+        <ul class="navSections">
+          {$sections->toArray()}
+        </ul>
+      </div>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/NonStrictFile.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?hh
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+function getGETParams(): Map<string, mixed> {
+  // $_GET is not defined in code so Hack doesn't know about it and you can't
+  // use it in strict mode. You can interact with it outside of strict mode,
+  // though.
+  return Map::fromArray($_GET);
+}
+
+function getPOSTParams(): Map<string, mixed> {
+  // Same deal with $_POST and other magically defined globals
+  return Map::fromArray($_POST);
+}
+
+// Same deal with $_SERVER
+function isGET(): bool {
+  return $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'GET';
+}

samples/Hack/Recipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/init.php';
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/standard-page/init.php';
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/myxhp/init.php';
+
+abstract class Recipe extends GetController {
+  use StandardPage;
+
+  abstract protected function getName(): string;
+  abstract protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string>;
+  abstract protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)>;
+
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  final protected function getTitle(): string {
+    return $this->getName().' - Hack Cookbook';
+  }
+
+  final protected function renderMainColumn(): :xhp {
+    $main_column =
+      <x:frag>
+        <h1>{$this->getName()}</h1>
+      </x:frag>;
+    $description = $this->getDescription();
+    if ($description !== null) {
+      $main_column->appendChild(<p>{$description}</p>);
+    }
+    foreach ($this->getFilenames() as $filename) {
+      $file =
+        <div class="file">
+          <div class="filename">{$filename}</div>
+          <phpfile filename={$filename}/>
+        </div>;
+      $main_column->appendChild($file);
+    }
+    $recipe = $this;
+    if ($recipe instanceof RecipeWithDemo) {
+      try {
+        $result = $recipe->getDemoResult();
+      } catch (Exception $e) {
+        $result = sprintf(
+          "Demo threw an %s:\n%s",
+          get_class($e),
+          $e->getMessage(),
+        );
+      }
+      $result = explode("\n", trim($result));
+      $result = array_map($x ==> <x:frag>{$x}<br/></x:frag>, $result);
+      $demo =
+        <x:frag>
+          <div class="demo" id="demo">
+            <h3>Demo</h3>
+            {$recipe->getDemoXHP()}
+            <div class="filename">{$recipe->getDemoFilename()}</div>
+            <phpfile filename={$recipe->getDemoFilename()}/>
+            <div class="filename">Output</div>
+            <div class="demoResult">
+              {$result}
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </x:frag>;
+      $main_column->appendChild($demo);
+    }
+    if (!$this->getDocs()->isEmpty()) {
+      $render_doc_link = function($doc) {
+        list($name, $link) = $doc;
+        $link = "http://hhvm.com/manual/en/$link.php";
+        return <li><a href={$link}>{$name}</a></li>;
+      };
+      $main_column->appendChild(
+        <div class="docs">
+          <h3>Relevant Official Documentation</h3>
+          <ul>
+            {$this->getDocs()->map($render_doc_link)->toArray()}
+          </ul>
+        </div>
+      );
+    }
+    return $main_column;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/RecipeWithDemo.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+interface RecipeWithDemo {
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string;
+  public function getDemoResult(): string;
+  public function getDemoXHP(): ?:xhp;
+}

samples/Hack/Request.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+final class Request {
+  public function __construct(private Map<string, mixed> $params) {}
+}
+

samples/Hack/StandardPage.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+trait StandardPage {
+  require extends Controller;
+
+  abstract protected function renderMainColumn(): :xhp;
+
+  protected function getExtraCSS(): Set<string> {
+    return Set {};
+  }
+
+  protected function getExtraJS(): Set<string> {
+    return Set {};
+  }
+
+  final protected function getCSS(): Set<string> {
+    return (Set {
+      '/css/base.css',
+    })->addAll($this->getExtraCSS());
+  }
+
+  final protected function getJS(): Set<string> {
+    return (Set {
+    })->addAll($this->getExtraJS());
+  }
+
+  final private function renderHeader(): :xhp {
+    return
+      <div class="hackHeader">
+        <div class="width">
+          <a href="http://hacklang.org/">
+            <div class="logo">Hack</div>
+          </a>
+          <div class="headerNav">
+          <ul>
+            <li>
+              <a href="http://hacklang.org/install/">Install</a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+              <a href="http://hacklang.org/tutorial/">Tutorial</a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+              <a href="/">Cookbook</a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+              <a href="http://hhvm.com/manual">Docs</a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+              <a href="http://github.com/facebook/hhvm">GitHub</a>
+            </li>
+            <li>
+              <a href="http://hhvm.com/">HHVM</a>
+            </li>
+          </ul>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>;
+  }
+
+  final protected function render(): :xhp {
+    return
+      <div>
+        {$this->renderHeader()}
+        <div class="width">
+          <div class="mainContainer">
+            <div class="mainColumn">{$this->renderMainColumn()}</div>
+            <hack:nav/>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/StrictFile.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/funs/init.php';
+
+abstract class MyRequest {
+  abstract public function getParams(): Map<string, mixed>;
+
+  // Throws when things go wrong
+  public function intParamX(string $name): int {
+    $params = $this->getParams();
+    invariant($params->contains($name), sprintf('Unknown param: %s', $name));
+    $param = $params[$name];
+    invariant(is_numeric($param), sprintf('Param %s is not an int', $name));
+    return (int)$param;
+  }
+
+  // A lenient version
+  public function intParam(string $name): ?int {
+    $params = $this->getParams();
+    if (!$params->contains($name)) { return null; }
+    $param = $params[$name];
+    if (!is_numeric($param)) { return null; }
+    return (int)$param;
+  }
+}
+
+final class MyGETRequest extends MyRequest {
+  public function getParams(): Map<string, mixed> {
+    return getGETParams();
+  }
+}
+
+final class MyPOSTRequest extends MyRequest {
+  public function getParams(): Map<string, mixed> {
+    return getPOSTParams();
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/UnescapedString.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?hh // strict
+
+// Outside of this file, no one knows that UNESCAPED_STRING is a string
+newtype UNESCAPED_STRING = string;
+
+// This is how we initially taint a string.
+function unescaped_string(string $s): UNESCAPED_STRING {
+  return $s;
+}
+
+// This is the only thing you can do with an UNESCAPED_STRING (other than pass
+// it around)
+function escape_unescaped_string(UNESCAPED_STRING $s): string {
+  // Your use case will decide how you want to escape your strings
+  return sprintf('Escaped ---> "%s" <--- Escaped', $s);
+}

samples/Hack/UnescapedStringRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class UnescapedStringRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return 'Unescaped string';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'Forgetting to properly escape the strings you get from your users '.
+      'can lead to serious security holes. Hack can help by forcing you to '.
+      'escape these strings before using them as strings.';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'UnescapedString.php',
+      'MySecureRequest.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector{
+      tuple('Opaque Type Aliasing',  'hack.typealiasing.opaquetypealiasing'),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return unescaped_string_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): ?:xhp {
+    $url = '/recipes/unescaped-string/';
+    return
+      <x:frag>
+        Try setting the myStrParam GET param to something nice and innocent with this button...
+        <div>
+          <a href={"$url?myStrParam='); DROP TABLE important_stuff; --#demo"} class="button">GET myStrParam=Hello world</a>
+        </div>
+      </x:frag>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/UserID.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/funs/init.php';
+
+// Outside of this file, no one knows that these types are ints. They do know
+// that USER_ID is an ID and COW_ID is an ID
+newtype ID = int;
+newtype USER_ID as ID = ID;
+newtype COW_ID as ID = ID;
+
+function assert_user_id(int $x): USER_ID {
+  // Everyone knows all user ids are odd
+  invariant($x % 2, sprintf('Invalid user ID: %d', $x));
+  return $x;
+}
+
+function assert_cow_id(int $x): COW_ID {
+  // Everyone knows all cow ids are even
+  invariant($x % 2 === 0, sprintf('Invalid cow ID: %d', $x));
+  return $x;
+}
+
+function id_to_int(ID $id): int {
+  return $id;
+}

samples/Hack/UserIDRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class UserIDRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return 'User ID';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'Protect your user IDs from being confused with normal ints';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'UserID.php',
+      'UsingUserID.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector {
+      tuple('Opaque Type Aliasing',  'hack.typealiasing.opaquetypealiasing'),
+      tuple(
+        'Opaque Type Aliasing with Constraints',
+        'hack.typealiasing.opaquewithconstraints',
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return user_id_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): ?:xhp {
+    return null;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/UsingUserID.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+function get_something_string(ID $id, string $something): string {
+  return sprintf("Awesome %s #%d\n", $something, id_to_int($id));
+}
+
+function get_user_string(USER_ID $id): string {
+  return get_something_string($id, 'user');
+}
+
+function get_cow_string(COW_ID $id): string {
+  return get_something_string($id, 'cow');
+}

samples/Hack/error.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?hh
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+final class TypehintViolationException extends Exception {
+}
+
+function setup_errors(): void {
+  set_error_handler('handle_error', E_ALL);
+}
+
+/**
+ * I want to turn failed typehints into exceptions so that I can handle them in
+ * my example code
+ */
+function handle_error(
+  $errno,
+  $errstr,
+  $errfile,
+  $errline,
+  $errcontext = array(),
+  $errtrace = array(),
+): bool {
+  if (E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR == $errno) {
+    // Transform typehint failures into an exception.
+    if (strpos($errstr, 'must be an instance of ') !== false) {
+      throw new TypehintViolationException($errstr);
+    }
+    // Transform nullable type violations to exceptions.
+    if ((strpos($errstr, 'must be of type ?') !== false) &&
+        (strpos($errstr, 'Value returned from') === false)) {
+      throw new TypehintViolationException($errstr);
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}

samples/Hack/funs.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?hh
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * This file contains a bunch of php stubs for functions that have been added
+ * to hhvm (though aren't in a release yet). These are important because the
+ * Hack typechecker can understand them
+ */
+
+class InvariantViolationException extends Exception {}
+
+function invariant(mixed $test, string $message): void {
+  if (!$test) {
+    invariant_violation($message);
+  }
+}
+
+function invariant_violation(string $message): void {
+  throw new InvariantViolationException($message);
+}
+
+function class_meth(string $class, string $method) {
+  return array($class, $method);
+}

samples/Hack/funs.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?hh
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+/**
+ * This file contains a bunch of php stubs for functions that have been added
+ * to hhvm (though aren't in a release yet). These are important because the
+ * Hack typechecker can understand them
+ */
+
+class InvariantViolationException extends Exception {}
+
+function invariant(mixed $test, string $message): void {
+  if (!$test) {
+    invariant_violation($message);
+  }
+}
+
+function invariant_violation(string $message): void {
+  throw new InvariantViolationException($message);
+}
+
+function class_meth(string $class, string $method) {
+  return array($class, $method);
+}

samples/Hack/index.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?hh
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once 'HomeController.php';
+
+HomeController::go($_GET);

samples/Hack/phpfile.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/vendor/hhvm/xhp/src/init.php';
+
+final class :phpfile extends :x:primitive {
+  category %flow;
+
+  attribute string filename;
+
+  /**
+   * Ok, I'll admit this is kind of gross. I don't really want to implement
+   * syntax highlighting, so I'm relying on the built-in PHP support. XHP
+   * makes html strings sort of difficult to use (which is good cause they're
+   * dangerous). Anyway, this is one way around it :)
+   */
+  protected function stringify(): string {
+    return
+      '<div class="code">'.
+      (string)highlight_file($this->getAttribute('filename'), /*ret*/ true).
+      '</div>';
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/startup.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+function startup(): void {
+  setup_errors();
+}

samples/LOLCODE/LOLTracer.lol

@@ -0,0 +1,795 @@
+HAI 1.3
+    OBTW
+      Author: Logan Kelly (logan.kelly@gmail.com)
+      Github: https://github.com/LoganKelly/LOLTracer
+    TLDR
+
+    OBTW prev is the number used in the randin function.
+         I had to declare it in global scope so that it
+         would retain its value between calls to randin.
+    TLDR
+    I HAS A prev ITZ 0
+    I HAS A rand_max ITZ 104729
+
+
+    OBTW Equivalent to C's rand() function, except returns
+        a number in the range of 0 to rand_max.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I randin
+        I HAS A a ITZ 33083
+        I HAS A c ITZ 67607
+        prev R MOD OF SUM OF PRODUKT OF prev AN a AN c AN rand_max
+        FOUND YR prev
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    BTW Returns a random number within the range of 0-1.
+    HOW IZ I rand_onein
+        I HAS A rand_num ITZ I IZ randin MKAY
+        rand_num IS NOW A NUMBAR
+        I HAS A rand_max_float ITZ MAEK rand_max A NUMBAR
+        FOUND YR  QUOSHUNT OF rand_num AN rand_max_float
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Equivalent to C ceil() function. Returns the next
+        largest integer for the given number.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I ceilin YR num
+        I HAS A int_num ITZ num
+        int_num IS NOW A NUMBR
+        BOTH SAEM int_num AN num, O RLY?
+            YA RLY, FOUND YR num
+        OIC
+        DIFFRINT num AN SMALLR OF num AN 0, O RLY?
+            YA RLY
+                int_num R SUM OF int_num AN 1
+                FOUND YR MAEK int_num A NUMBAR
+        OIC
+        DIFFRINT num AN BIGGR OF num AN 0, O RLY?
+            YA RLY
+                FOUND YR MAEK int_num A NUMBAR
+        OIC
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Convert a number to hexadecimal. This
+         is returned as a string.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I decimal_to_hex YR num
+        I HAS A i ITZ 0
+        I HAS A rem
+        I HAS A hex_num ITZ A BUKKIT
+        I HAS A decimal_num ITZ num
+        IM IN YR num_loop
+            rem R MOD OF decimal_num AN 16
+            I HAS A hex_digit
+            rem, WTF?
+                OMG 10, hex_digit R "A", GTFO
+                OMG 11, hex_digit R "B", GTFO
+                OMG 12, hex_digit R "C", GTFO
+                OMG 13, hex_digit R "D", GTFO
+                OMG 14, hex_digit R "E", GTFO
+                OMG 15, hex_digit R "F", GTFO
+                OMGWTF, hex_digit R rem
+            OIC
+            hex_num HAS A SRS i ITZ hex_digit
+            decimal_num R QUOSHUNT OF decimal_num AN 16
+            BOTH SAEM decimal_num AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+                NO WAI, i R SUM OF i AN 1
+            OIC
+        IM OUTTA YR num_loop
+        I HAS A hex_string ITZ A YARN
+        IM IN YR string_reverse
+            DIFFRINT i AN BIGGR OF i AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            hex_string R SMOOSH hex_string AN hex_num'Z SRS i MKAY
+            i R DIFF OF i AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR string_reverse
+        FOUND YR hex_string
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Convert a number to binary. This is returned
+         as a bukkit which has slots number 0-N where
+         n is equal to the number of binary digits - 1.
+         It also has a length slot which is equal to
+         the number of binary digits.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I decimal_to_binary YR num
+        I HAS A i ITZ 0
+        I HAS A decimal_num ITZ num
+        I HAS A binary_num ITZ A BUKKIT
+        IM IN YR num_loop
+            binary_num HAS A SRS i ITZ MOD OF decimal_num AN 2
+            decimal_num R QUOSHUNT OF decimal_num AN 2
+            BOTH SAEM decimal_num AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY
+                    I HAS A length ITZ SUM OF i AN 1
+                    binary_num HAS A length ITZ length
+                    GTFO
+                NO WAI, i R SUM OF i AN 1
+            OIC
+        IM OUTTA YR num_loop
+        FOUND YR binary_num
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Bitwise and two binary numbers. The numbers
+         must be provided in the format returned by
+         decimal_to_binary.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I bitwise_andin YR first_num AN YR second_num
+        I HAS A binary_first_num ITZ I IZ decimal_to_binary YR first_num MKAY
+        I HAS A binary_second_num ITZ I IZ decimal_to_binary YR second_num MKAY
+        I HAS A first_length ITZ binary_first_num'Z length
+        I HAS A second_length ITZ binary_second_num'Z length
+        I HAS A max_length ITZ BIGGR OF first_length AN second_length
+        I HAS A final_binary ITZ A BUKKIT
+        I HAS A final_length ITZ 0
+        I HAS A i ITZ 0
+        IM IN YR num_loop
+            BOTH SAEM i AN max_length, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            I HAS A first_binary ITZ 0
+            I HAS A second_binary ITZ 0
+            DIFFRINT i AN BIGGR OF i AN first_length, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, first_binary R binary_first_num'Z SRS i
+            OIC
+            DIFFRINT i AN BIGGR OF i AN second_length, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, second_binary R binary_second_num'Z SRS i
+            OIC
+            EITHER OF BOTH SAEM first_binary AN 0 AN ...
+                      BOTH SAEM second_binary AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, final_binary HAS A SRS i ITZ 0
+                NO WAI
+                    final_binary HAS A SRS i ITZ 1
+                    final_length R SUM OF i AN 1
+            OIC
+            i R SUM OF i AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR num_loop
+        final_binary HAS A length ITZ final_length
+        FOUND YR final_binary
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Bitshift left a binary number by num_bits.
+         The binary number must be provided in the format
+         returned by decimal_to_binary.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I bit_shift_leftin YR num AN YR num_bits
+        I HAS A binary_num ITZ num
+        I HAS A length ITZ binary_num'Z length
+        I HAS A i ITZ SUM OF DIFF OF length AN 1 AN num_bits
+        I HAS A shifted_binary_num ITZ A BUKKIT
+        IM IN YR num_loop
+            BOTH SAEM i AN -1, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            I HAS A unshifted_index ITZ DIFF OF i AN num_bits
+            BOTH SAEM unshifted_index AN BIGGR OF unshifted_index AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY
+                    shifted_binary_num HAS A SRS i ITZ binary_num'Z SRS unshifted_index
+                NO WAI
+                    shifted_binary_num HAS A SRS i ITZ 0
+            OIC
+            i R DIFF OF i AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR num_loop
+        shifted_binary_num HAS A length ITZ SUM OF binary_num'Z length AN num_bits
+        FOUND YR shifted_binary_num
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Convert a binary number into a decimal number.
+         The binary number must be provided in the format
+         return by decimal_to_binary.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I binary_to_decimal YR binary_num
+        I HAS A length ITZ binary_num'Z length
+        I HAS A decimal_num ITZ 0
+        I HAS A i ITZ 0
+        IM IN YR num_loop
+            BOTH SAEM i AN length, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            I HAS A binary_value ITZ binary_num'Z SRS i
+            I HAS A decimal_value ITZ 0
+            BOTH SAEM binary_value AN 1, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, decimal_value R I IZ power_of YR 2 AN YR i MKAY
+            OIC
+            decimal_num R SUM OF decimal_num AN decimal_value
+            i R SUM OF i AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR num_loop
+        FOUND YR decimal_num
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Equivalent to C's pow() function. Raises
+         base to the power of exponent.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I power_of YR base AN YR exponent
+        I HAS A i ITZ 0
+        I HAS A num ITZ 1
+        IM IN YR num_loop
+            BOTH SAEM i AN exponent, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            num R PRODUKT OF num AN base
+            i R SUM OF i AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR num_loop
+        FOUND YR num
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Return a binary number as a YARN.
+         The binary number must be provided in the format
+         return by decimal_to_binary.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I binary_to_string YR binary_num
+        I HAS A binary_string ITZ A YARN
+        I HAS A i ITZ DIFF OF binary_num'Z length AN 1
+        IM IN YR string_reverse
+            DIFFRINT i AN BIGGR OF i AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            binary_string R SMOOSH binary_string AN binary_num'Z SRS i MKAY
+            i R DIFF OF i AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR string_reverse
+        FOUND YR binary_string
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+    OBTW Converts a hexadecimal number to the character
+         equivalent in UNICODE. This was originally used
+         in an attempt to write out to the P6 format of PPM,
+         but the string produced by VISIBLE didn't seem to be
+         properly formatted for some reason. Instead I fell back
+         to P3 of PPM and wrote out to regular ascii format.
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I hex_to_char YR hex_string
+        OBTW This is a hack I found for converting hexadecimal strings
+             into their unicode character equivalents. Instead of using
+             the ":" character directly, we escape it and get it using its
+             unicode hex value (3A). This allows us to assemble the string
+             with our inserted hex value without errors.
+        TLDR
+        FOUND YR SMOOSH ":(3A)" AN "(" AN hex_string AN ")" MKAY
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW Equivalent to C's square() function. However it will only
+         produce accurate results if the number is no larger than
+         1048576. See the note below. This is based upon Newton's
+         Approximation Method as adapted in C at this website (#11):
+
+         http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/69941/Best-Square-Root-Method-Algorithm-Function-Precisi
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I square_rootin YR number
+        OBTW Forcing a comparison between  the accuracy and a number
+             which is so big that its precision is larger than the
+             accuracy causes an infinite loop to occur. For this
+             reason we have to set any number larger than 2^20 to
+             a value below it.
+        TLDR
+        BOTH SAEM number AN BIGGR OF number AN 1048576.00, O RLY?
+            YA RLY, number R 1048575.00
+        OIC
+        I HAS A accuracy ITZ 0.0001
+        I HAS A lower ITZ A NUMBAR
+        I HAS A upper ITZ A NUMBAR
+        I HAS A guess ITZ A NUMBAR
+        DIFFRINT number AN BIGGR OF number AN 1.0, O RLY?
+            YA RLY
+                lower R number
+                upper R 1.0
+            NO WAI
+                lower R 1.0
+                upper R number
+        OIC
+        IM IN YR LOOP
+            I HAS A delta ITZ DIFF OF upper AN lower
+            BOTH SAEM delta AN SMALLR OF delta AN accuracy, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            I HAS A guess ITZ QUOSHUNT OF SUM OF lower AN upper AN 2.0
+            I HAS A guess_squared ITZ PRODUKT OF guess AN guess
+            DIFFRINT guess_squared AN SMALLR OF guess_squared AN number, O RLY?
+                YA RLY
+                    upper R guess
+                NO WAI
+                    lower R guess
+            OIC
+        IM OUTTA YR LOOP
+        FOUND YR QUOSHUNT OF SUM OF lower AN upper AN 2.0
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW
+         The intersection test for line [o, d]
+         Return 2 if a hit was found (and also return distance t and bouncing ray n).
+         Return 0 if no hit was found but ray goes upward
+         Return 1 if no hit was found but ray goes downward
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I tracin YR o AN YR d
+        I HAS A t ITZ 1000000000
+        I HAS A m ITZ 0
+        BOTH SAEM d'Z z AN 0, O RLY?
+            YA RLY, d'Z z R 0.00001
+        OIC
+        I HAS A p ITZ QUOSHUNT OF DIFF OF 0 AN o'Z z AN d'Z z
+        I HAS A n ITZ LIEK A Vector
+        DIFFRINT p AN SMALLR OF p AN 0.01, O RLY?
+            YA RLY
+                t R p
+                n R Vector IZ constructin YR 0.0 AN YR 0.0 AN YR 1.0 MKAY
+                m R 1
+        OIC
+
+        BTW The world is encoded in sphere_positions, with 9 lines and 19 columns
+        I HAS A k ITZ 18
+        IM IN YR column_loop BTW For each column of objects
+            BOTH SAEM k AN -1, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+
+            I HAS A j ITZ 8
+            IM IN YR line_loop BTW For each line on that column
+                BOTH SAEM j AN -1, O RLY?
+                    YA RLY, GTFO
+                OIC
+
+                I HAS A sphere_positions_line ITZ sphere_positions'Z SRS j
+                sphere_positions_line'Z SRS k, O RLY?
+                    YA RLY
+                       BTW There is a sphere, but does the ray hit it?
+                       p R Vector IZ addin YR o AN YR ...
+                           Vector IZ constructin YR DIFF OF 0 AN k AN ...
+                                                 YR 0 AN ...
+                                                 YR DIFF OF DIFF OF 0 AN j AN 4 MKAY ...
+                           MKAY
+                       I HAS A b ITZ Vector IZ dot_productin YR p AN YR d MKAY
+                       I HAS A q_c ITZ DIFF OF Vector IZ dot_productin YR p AN YR p MKAY AN 1
+                       I HAS A q ITZ DIFF OF PRODUKT OF b AN b AN q_c
+
+
+                       DIFFRINT q AN SMALLR OF q AN 0, O RLY?
+                           YA RLY
+                               BTW It does, compute the distance camera-sphere
+                               I HAS A s ITZ DIFF OF DIFF OF 0 AN b AN I IZ square_rootin YR q MKAY
+
+
+                               BOTH OF DIFFRINT s AN BIGGR OF s AN t AN ...
+                                       DIFFRINT s AN SMALLR OF s AN 0.01, O RLY?
+                                   YA RLY
+                                       BTW So far this is the minimum distance, save it. And
+                                       BTW also compute the bouncing ray vector into 'n'
+                                       t R s
+                                       I HAS A bouncing_ray ITZ Vector IZ scalin YR direction AN YR t MKAY
+                                       bouncing_ray R Vector IZ addin YR p AN YR bouncing_ray MKAY
+                                       n R Vector IZ normalizin YR bouncing_ray MKAY
+                                       m R 2
+                               OIC
+                       OIC
+                OIC
+                j R DIFF OF j AN 1
+            IM OUTTA YR line_loop
+            k R DIFF OF k AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR column_loop
+        I HAS A result ITZ A BUKKIT
+        result HAS A m ITZ m
+        result HAS A t ITZ t
+        result HAS A n ITZ n
+        FOUND YR result
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW
+        Sample the world and return the pixel color for
+        a ray [o, d]
+    TLDR
+    HOW IZ I samplin YR o AN YR d
+
+        BTW Search for an intersection ray Vs. world
+        I HAS A result ITZ I IZ tracin YR o AN YR d MKAY
+        I HAS A m ITZ result'Z m
+        I HAS A t ITZ result'Z t
+        I HAS A n ITZ result'Z n
+
+        BOTH SAEM m AN 0, O RLY?
+            YA RLY
+                BTW No sphere found and the ray goes upward: Generate a sky color
+                I HAS A vec_result ITZ Vector IZ constructin YR 0.7 AN YR 0.6 AN YR 1.0 MKAY
+
+                I HAS A z_component ITZ d'Z z
+                DIFFRINT z_component AN BIGGR OF z_component AN 0, O RLY?
+                    YA RLY, z_component R 0
+                OIC
+                I HAS A vec_num ITZ DIFF OF 1 AN z_component
+                vec_num R I IZ power_of YR vec_num AN YR 4 MKAY
+                FOUND YR Vector IZ scalin YR vec_result AN YR vec_num MKAY
+        OIC
+
+        BTW h = intersection coordinate
+        I HAS A h ITZ Vector IZ scalin YR d AN YR t MKAY
+        h R Vector IZ addin YR o AN YR h MKAY
+        BTW l = direction to light (with random delta for soft shadows)
+        I HAS A l ITZ LIEK A Vector
+        l HAS A x ITZ SUM OF 9 AN I IZ rand_onein MKAY
+        l HAS A y ITZ SUM OF 9 AN I IZ rand_onein MKAY
+        l HAS A z ITZ 16
+        I HAS A l_two ITZ Vector IZ scalin YR h AN YR -1.0 MKAY
+        l R Vector IZ addin YR l AN YR l_two MKAY
+        l R Vector IZ normalizin YR l MKAY
+        BTW r = The half-vector
+        I HAS A r ITZ Vector IZ dot_productin YR n AN YR d MKAY
+        r R PRODUKT OF r AN -2
+        r R Vector IZ scalin YR n AN YR r MKAY
+        r R Vector IZ addin YR d AN YR r MKAY
+
+        BTW Calculate the lambertian factor
+        I HAS A b ITZ Vector IZ dot_productin YR l AN YR n MKAY
+
+        BTW Calculate illumination factor (lambertian coefficient > 0 or in shadow)?
+        I HAS A illumination_result ITZ I IZ tracin YR h AN YR l MKAY
+        I HAS A i_m ITZ illumination_result'Z m
+        EITHER OF DIFFRINT b AN BIGGR OF b AN 0 AN BOTH SAEM i_m AN 2, O RLY?
+            YA RLY, b R 0
+        OIC
+
+        BTW Calculate the color 'p' with diffuse and specular component
+        I HAS A base
+        DIFFRINT b AN SMALLR OF b AN 0, O RLY?
+            YA RLY, base R 1
+            NO WAI, base R 0
+        OIC
+        base R Vector IZ scalin YR r AN YR base MKAY
+        base R Vector IZ dot_productin YR l AN YR r MKAY
+        I HAS A p ITZ I IZ power_of YR base AN YR 99 MKAY
+
+        BOTH SAEM m AN 1, O RLY?
+            YA RLY
+                BTW No sphere was hit and the ray was going downward: Generate a floor color
+                h R Vector IZ scalin YR h AN YR 0.2 MKAY
+                I HAS A ceil_h_x ITZ I IZ ceilin YR h'Z x MKAY
+                I HAS A ceil_h_y ITZ I IZ ceilin YR h'Z y MKAY
+                I HAS A ceil_h ITZ SUM OF ceil_h_x AN ceil_h_y
+                ceil_h IS NOW A NUMBR
+                I HAS A color_choice ITZ MOD OF ceil_h AN 2
+                I HAS A color ITZ LIEK A Vector
+                color_choice, O RLY?
+                    YA RLY
+                        color HAS A x ITZ 3
+                        color HAS A y ITZ 1
+                        color HAS A z ITZ 1
+                    NO WAI
+                        color HAS A x ITZ 3
+                        color HAS A y ITZ 3
+                        color HAS A z ITZ 3
+                OIC
+                FOUND YR Vector IZ scalin YR color AN YR SUM OF PRODUKT OF b AN 0.2 AN 0.1 MKAY
+        OIC
+
+        BTW m == 2 A sphere was hit. Cast a ray bouncing from the sphere surface.
+        I HAS A sphere_color ITZ LIEK A Vector
+        sphere_color HAS A x ITZ p
+        sphere_color HAS A y ITZ p
+        sphere_color HAS A z ITZ p
+        I HAS A recursive_color ITZ I IZ samplin YR h AN YR r MKAY
+        BTW Attenuate color by 50% since it is bouncing (* .5)
+        recursive_color R Vector IZ scalin YR recursive_color AN YR 0.5 MKAY
+        FOUND YR Vector IZ addin YR sphere_color AN YR recursive_color MKAY
+    IF U SAY SO
+
+
+    OBTW The vector class provides functionality for all the common
+         linear algebra operations performed on vectors.
+    TLDR
+    O HAI IM Vector
+        I HAS A x ITZ 0
+        I HAS A y ITZ 0
+        I HAS A z ITZ 0
+
+        BTW Add vector_one and vector_two
+        HOW IZ I addin YR vector_one AN YR vector_two
+            I HAS A result ITZ LIEK A Vector
+            result HAS A x ITZ 0
+            result HAS A y ITZ 0
+            result HAS A z ITZ 0
+            result'Z x R SUM OF vector_one'Z x AN vector_two'Z x
+            result'Z y R SUM OF vector_one'Z y AN vector_two'Z y
+            result'Z z R SUM OF vector_one'Z z AN vector_two'Z z
+            FOUND YR result
+        IF U SAY SO
+
+        BTW Scale vector_one by value
+    HOW IZ I scalin YR vector_one AN YR value
+            I HAS A result ITZ LIEK A Vector
+            result HAS A x ITZ 0
+            result HAS A y ITZ 0
+            result HAS A z ITZ 0
+            result'Z x R PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z x AN value
+            result'Z y R PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z y AN value
+            result'Z z R PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z z AN value
+            FOUND YR result
+        IF U SAY SO
+
+        BTW Dot product of vector_one and vector_two
+        HOW IZ I dot_productin YR vector_one AN YR vector_two
+            FOUND YR SUM OF SUM OF PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z x AN vector_two'Z x AN ...
+                                   PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z y AN vector_two'Z y AN ...
+                                   PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z z AN vector_two'Z z
+        IF U SAY SO
+
+        BTW Cross product of vector_one and vector_two
+        HOW IZ I cross_productin YR vector_one AN YR vector_two
+        I HAS A result ITZ LIEK A Vector
+            result HAS A x ITZ 0
+            result HAS A y ITZ 0
+            result HAS A z ITZ 0
+            result'Z x R DIFF OF PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z y AN vector_two'Z z AN ...
+                                 PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z z AN vector_two'Z y
+            result'Z y R DIFF OF PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z z AN vector_two'Z x AN ...
+                                 PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z x AN vector_two'Z z
+            result'Z z R DIFF OF PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z x AN vector_two'Z y AN ...
+                                 PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z y AN vector_two'Z x
+            FOUND YR result
+        IF U SAY SO
+
+        BTW Length of vector_one
+        HOW IZ I lengthin YR vector_one
+            FOUND YR I IZ square_rootin YR ...
+                SUM OF SUM OF PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z x AN vector_one'Z x AN ...
+                              PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z y AN vector_one'Z y AN ...
+                              PRODUKT OF vector_one'Z z AN vector_one'Z z MKAY
+        IF U SAY SO
+
+        BTW Normalize vector_one
+        HOW IZ I normalizin YR vector_one
+            I HAS A result ITZ LIEK A Vector
+            result HAS A x ITZ 0
+            result HAS A y ITZ 0
+            result HAS A z ITZ 0
+            I HAS A length ITZ Vector IZ lengthin YR vector_one MKAY
+            BOTH SAEM length AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY
+                    length R 1
+            OIC
+            result'Z x R QUOSHUNT OF vector_one'Z x AN length
+            result'Z y R QUOSHUNT OF vector_one'Z y AN length
+            result'Z z R QUOSHUNT OF vector_one'Z z AN length
+            FOUND YR result
+        IF U SAY SO
+
+        BTW Printable YARN version of vector
+        HOW IZ I to_stringin YR vector
+            FOUND YR SMOOSH "[" AN vector'Z x AN ", " ...
+                                AN vector'Z y AN ", " ...
+                                AN vector'Z z AN "]" MKAY
+        IF U SAY SO
+
+        BTW Create and return a vector with components x, y, and z
+        HOW IZ I constructin YR x AN YR y AN YR z
+            I HAS A result ITZ LIEK A Vector
+            result HAS A x ITZ x
+            result HAS A y ITZ y
+            result HAS A z ITZ z
+            FOUND YR result
+        IF U SAY SO
+    KTHX
+
+    OBTW The positions of the spheres are essentially
+         stored in a 2-D array. This differs from Kensler's
+         version where he used bit flags to store the
+         positions in a compressed and quickly accessed
+         manner. Unfortunately for us, bit operations
+         in LOLCODE were too slow for this to be a tenable
+         solution.
+    TLDR
+    I HAS A sphere_positions ITZ A BUKKIT
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_0 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    IM IN YR LOOP UPPIN YR pos_index TIL BOTH SAEM pos_index AN 19
+        sphere_positions_0 HAS A SRS pos_index ITZ FAIL
+    IM OUTTA YR LOOP
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 0 ITZ sphere_positions_0
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_1 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 0 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 0 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 1 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 2 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 2 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 3 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 4 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 4 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 5 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 6 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 7 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 7 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 8 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 9 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 9 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 10 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 11 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 11 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 12 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 13 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 14 ITZ WIN
+    BTWsphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 14 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 15 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 16 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 16 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 17 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 18 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_1 HAS A SRS 18 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 1 ITZ sphere_positions_1
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_2 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    IM IN YR LOOP UPPIN YR pos_index TIL BOTH SAEM pos_index AN 19
+        sphere_positions_2 HAS A SRS pos_index ITZ FAIL
+    IM OUTTA YR LOOP
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 2 ITZ sphere_positions_2
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_3 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 0 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 1 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 2 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 3 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 4 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 4 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 5 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 6 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 7 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 7 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 8 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 9 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 10 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 11 ITZ WIN
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 12 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 13 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 14 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 15 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 16 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 17 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 18 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_3 HAS A SRS 18 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 3 ITZ sphere_positions_3
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_4 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    IM IN YR LOOP UPPIN YR pos_index TIL BOTH SAEM pos_index AN 19
+        sphere_positions_4 HAS A SRS pos_index ITZ FAIL
+    IM OUTTA YR LOOP
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 4 ITZ sphere_positions_4
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_5 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 0 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 1 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 2 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 3 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 4 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 4 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 5 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 6 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 7 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 7 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 8 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 9 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 9 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 10 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 11 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 11 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 12 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 13 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 14 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 15 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 16 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 17 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 18 ITZ WIN
+    BTW sphere_positions_5 HAS A SRS 18 ITZ FAIL
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 5 ITZ sphere_positions_5
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_6 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    IM IN YR LOOP UPPIN YR pos_index TIL BOTH SAEM pos_index AN 19
+        sphere_positions_6 HAS A SRS pos_index ITZ FAIL
+    IM OUTTA YR LOOP
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 6 ITZ sphere_positions_6
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_7 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    IM IN YR LOOP UPPIN YR pos_index TIL BOTH SAEM pos_index AN 19
+        sphere_positions_7 HAS A SRS pos_index ITZ FAIL
+    IM OUTTA YR LOOP
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 7 ITZ sphere_positions_7
+    I HAS A sphere_positions_8 ITZ A BUKKIT
+    IM IN YR LOOP UPPIN YR pos_index TIL BOTH SAEM pos_index AN 19
+        sphere_positions_8 HAS A SRS pos_index ITZ FAIL
+    IM OUTTA YR LOOP
+    sphere_positions HAS A SRS 8 ITZ sphere_positions_8
+
+    BTW Camera direction
+    I HAS A g ITZ Vector IZ constructin YR -6.0 AN YR -16.0 AN YR 0.0 MKAY
+    g R Vector IZ normalizin YR g MKAY
+
+    BTW Camera up vector
+    I HAS A a ITZ Vector IZ constructin YR 0.0 AN YR 0.0 AN YR 1.0 MKAY
+    a R Vector IZ cross_productin YR a AN YR g MKAY
+    a R Vector IZ normalizin YR a MKAY
+    a R Vector IZ scalin YR a AN YR 0.002 MKAY
+    BTW Camera right vector
+    I HAS A b ITZ Vector IZ cross_productin YR g AN YR a MKAY
+    b R Vector IZ normalizin YR b MKAY
+    b R Vector IZ scalin YR b AN YR 0.002 MKAY
+    BTW Camera eye offset
+    I HAS A c ITZ Vector IZ addin YR a AN YR b MKAY
+    c R Vector IZ scalin YR c AN YR -256.0 MKAY
+    c R Vector IZ addin YR c AN YR g MKAY
+
+    I HAS A max_x ITZ 511
+    I HAS A max_y ITZ max_x
+    BTW Issue the PPM Header info
+    VISIBLE "P3 " SUM OF max_x AN 1 " " SUM OF max_y AN 1 " 255"!
+
+    I HAS A viewpoint ITZ Vector IZ constructin YR 17 AN YR 16 AN YR 8 MKAY
+
+    I HAS A y ITZ max_y
+    IM IN YR y_loop
+        BOTH SAEM y AN -1, O RLY?
+            YA RLY, GTFO
+        OIC
+        I HAS A x ITZ max_x
+        IM IN YR x_loop
+            BOTH SAEM x AN -1, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, GTFO
+            OIC
+            I HAS A pixel_color ITZ Vector IZ constructin YR 13 AN YR 13 AN YR 13 MKAY
+
+            I HAS A rays ITZ 64
+            IM IN YR ray_loop
+                BOTH SAEM rays AN 0, O RLY?
+                    YA RLY, GTFO
+                OIC
+
+                BTW The delta to apply to the origin of the view (For Depth of View blur).
+                I HAS A a_rand ITZ DIFF OF I IZ rand_onein MKAY AN 0.5
+                I HAS A t_a ITZ Vector IZ scalin YR a AN YR a_rand MKAY
+                t_a R Vector IZ scalin YR t_a AN YR 99.0 MKAY
+                I HAS A b_rand ITZ DIFF OF I IZ rand_onein MKAY AN 0.5
+                I HAS A t_b ITZ Vector IZ scalin YR b AN YR b_rand MKAY
+                t_b R Vector IZ scalin YR t_b AN YR 99.0 MKAY
+                I HAS A t ITZ Vector IZ addin YR t_a AN YR t_b MKAY
+
+                I HAS A origin ITZ Vector IZ addin YR viewpoint AN YR t MKAY
+
+                BTW Ray direction with random deltas for stochastic sampling
+                I HAS A direction_up ITZ SUM OF I IZ rand_onein MKAY AN x
+                direction_up R Vector IZ scalin YR a AN YR direction_up MKAY
+                I HAS A direction_right ITZ SUM OF I IZ rand_onein MKAY AN y
+                direction_right R Vector IZ scalin YR b AN YR direction_right MKAY
+                I HAS A direction_t ITZ Vector IZ scalin YR t AN YR -1 MKAY
+                I HAS A direction ITZ Vector IZ addin YR direction_right AN YR direction_up MKAY
+                direction R Vector IZ addin YR direction AN YR c MKAY
+                direction R Vector IZ scalin YR direction AN YR 16 MKAY
+                direction R Vector IZ addin YR direction AN YR direction_t MKAY
+                direction R Vector IZ normalizin YR direction MKAY
+
+                I HAS A sample_color ITZ I IZ samplin YR origin AN YR direction MKAY
+                sample_color R Vector IZ scalin YR sample_color AN YR 3.5 MKAY
+                BTW + pixel_color for color accumulation
+                pixel_color R Vector IZ addin YR sample_color AN YR pixel_color MKAY
+                rays R DIFF OF rays AN 1
+            IM OUTTA YR ray_loop
+            I HAS A write_color ITZ pixel_color
+            write_color'Z x IS NOW A NUMBR
+            write_color'Z y IS NOW A NUMBR
+            write_color'Z z IS NOW A NUMBR
+            DIFFRINT write_color'Z x AN BIGGR OF write_color'Z x AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, write_color'Z x R 0
+            OIC
+            DIFFRINT write_color'Z y AN BIGGR OF write_color'Z y AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, write_color'Z y R 0
+            OIC
+            DIFFRINT write_color'Z z AN BIGGR OF write_color'Z z AN 0, O RLY?
+                YA RLY, write_color'Z z R 0
+            OIC
+            VISIBLE " " write_color'Z x " " ...
+                    " " write_color'Z y " " ...
+                    " " write_color'Z z " "!
+            x R DIFF OF x AN 1
+        IM OUTTA YR x_loop
+        y R DIFF OF y AN 1
+    IM OUTTA YR y_loop
+
+KTHXBYE

samples/Lua/wsapi.fcgi

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/lua
+
+-- Generic WSAPI FastCGI launcher, extracts application to launch
+-- from SCRIPT_FILENAME/PATH_TRANSLATED, each application (defined
+-- by its script entry point) gets an isolated Lua VM; sequential
+-- requests to the same application go to the same VM
+
+pcall(require,"luarocks.require")
+
+local common = require "wsapi.common"
+local fastcgi = require "wsapi.fastcgi"
+
+local ONE_HOUR = 60 * 60
+local ONE_DAY = 24 * ONE_HOUR
+
+local wsapi_loader = common.make_loader{
+  isolated = true,         -- isolate each script in its own Lua state
+  filename = nil,          -- if you want to force the launch of a single script
+  launcher = "wsapi.fcgi", -- the name of this script
+  reload = false,          -- if you want to reload the application on every request
+  period = ONE_HOUR,       -- frequency of Lua state staleness checks
+  ttl = ONE_DAY,           -- time-to-live for Lua states
+  vars =                   -- order of checking for the path of the script
+   { "SCRIPT_FILENAME",
+     "PATH_TRANSLATED" } 
+}
+
+fastcgi.run(wsapi_loader)

samples/PHP/prefix.fcgi

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<?php
+echo $_SERVER[$_GET["var"]];
+?>

samples/Papyrus/CAMTEST_OverShoulderME.psc

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+Scriptname CAMTEST_OverShoulderME extends activemagiceffect  
+{Play with camera effects}
+
+;--=== Imports ===--
+
+Import Utility
+Import Game
+
+;--=== Properties ===--
+
+Actor Property PlayerRef Auto
+ActorBase Property CAMTEST_CameraActor Auto
+
+;--=== Variables ===--
+
+Actor Player
+
+Actor Camera
+
+Actor Target
+
+Float PosX
+Float PosY
+Float PosZ
+Float SpeedMult
+
+ObjectReference Mist
+ObjectReference Fog
+
+;--=== Events ===--
+
+Event OnInit()
+	Player = PlayerRef
+EndEvent
+
+Event onEffectStart(Actor akTarget, Actor akCaster)
+	Camera = Player.PlaceActorAtMe(CAMTEST_CameraActor)
+	Camera.EnableAI(False)
+	Camera.SetScale(0.1)
+	Camera.TranslateTo(Player.X + 40,Player.Y,Player.Z,0,0,0,800,30)
+	DisablePlayerControls(abMovement = true, abFighting = true, abCamSwitch = true,  abLooking = true, abSneaking = true, abMenu = true, abActivate = true, abJournalTabs = false)
+	SetPlayerAIDriven(True)
+	ForceThirdPerson()
+	SetHUDCartMode()
+	SetInChargen(True, True, False)
+	SetCameraTarget(Camera)
+	ForceFirstPerson()
+	Wait(1)
+	Camera.SplineTranslateTo(Player.X + 4000,Player.Y,Player.Z + 1000,15,0,Camera.GetHeadingAngle(Player) + Camera.GetAngleZ(),1800,800,100)
+;	Camera.SetLookAt(Player)
+	Wait(10)
+	Camera.SplineTranslateTo(Player.X + 1000,Player.Y - 500,Player.Z + 500,25,0,Camera.GetHeadingAngle(Player) + Camera.GetAngleZ(),1800,800,100)
+	Wait(10)
+	SetHUDCartMode(False)
+	SetCameraTarget(Player)
+	SetInChargen(False, False, False)
+	EnablePlayerControls()
+	SetPlayerAIDriven(False)
+EndEvent
+
+Event onUpdate()
+EndEvent
+
+Event onEffectFinish(Actor akTarget, Actor akCaster)
+EndEvent
+
+;--=== Functions ===--
+

samples/Papyrus/vMFX_FXPlugin.psc

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Scriptname vMFX_FXPlugin extends Quest  

samples/Papyrus/vSCM_MetaQuestScript.psc

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+Scriptname vSCM_MetaQuestScript extends Quest  
+{Do initialization and track variables for scripts}
+
+;--=== Imports ===--
+
+Import Utility
+Import Game
+
+;--=== Properties ===--
+
+Actor Property PlayerRef Auto
+
+Float Property ModVersion Auto Hidden
+
+String Property ModName = "Smarter Combat Music" Auto Hidden
+
+Message Property vSCM_ModLoadedMSG Auto
+Message Property vSCM_ModUpdatedMSG Auto
+
+;--=== Variables ===--
+
+Float _CurrentVersion
+String _sCurrentVersion
+
+Bool _Running
+
+Float _ScriptLatency
+Float _StartTime
+Float _EndTime
+
+;--=== Events ===--
+
+Event OnInit()
+	If ModVersion == 0
+		DoUpkeep(True)
+	EndIf
+EndEvent
+
+Event OnReset()
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Metaquest event: OnReset")
+EndEvent
+
+Event OnGameReloaded()
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Metaquest event: OnGameReloaded")
+EndEvent
+
+;--=== Functions ===--
+
+Function DoUpkeep(Bool DelayedStart = True)
+	;FIXME: CHANGE THIS WHEN UPDATING!
+	_CurrentVersion = 0.01
+	_sCurrentVersion = GetVersionString(_CurrentVersion)
+	String sErrorMessage
+	If DelayedStart
+		Wait(RandomFloat(2,4))
+	EndIf
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: " + ModName)
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Performing upkeep...")
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Loaded version is " + GetVersionString(ModVersion) + ", Current version is " + _sCurrentVersion)
+	If ModVersion == 0
+		Debug.Trace("SCM: Newly installed, doing initialization...")
+		DoInit()
+		If ModVersion == _CurrentVersion
+			Debug.Trace("SCM: Initialization succeeded.")
+		Else
+			Debug.Trace("SCM: WARNING! Initialization had a problem!")
+		EndIf
+	ElseIf ModVersion < _CurrentVersion
+		Debug.Trace("SCM: Installed version is older. Starting the upgrade...")
+		DoUpgrade()
+		If ModVersion != _CurrentVersion
+			Debug.Trace("SCM: WARNING! Upgrade failed!")
+			Debug.MessageBox("WARNING! " + ModName + " upgrade failed for some reason. You should report this to the mod author.")
+		EndIf
+		Debug.Trace("SCM: Upgraded to " + _CurrentVersion)
+		vSCM_ModUpdatedMSG.Show(_CurrentVersion)
+	Else
+		Debug.Trace("SCM: Loaded, no updates.")
+		;CheckForOrphans()
+	EndIf
+	CheckForExtras()
+	UpdateConfig()
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Upkeep complete!")
+EndFunction
+
+Function DoInit()
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Initializing...")
+	_Running = True
+	ModVersion = _CurrentVersion
+	vSCM_ModLoadedMSG.Show(_CurrentVersion)
+EndFunction
+
+Function DoUpgrade()
+	_Running = False
+	If ModVersion < 0.01
+		Debug.Trace("SCM: Upgrading to 0.01...")
+		ModVersion = 0.01
+	EndIf
+	_Running = True
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Upgrade complete!")
+EndFunction
+
+Function UpdateConfig()
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Updating configuration...")
+
+	Debug.Trace("SCM: Updated configuration values, some scripts may update in the background!")
+EndFunction
+
+String Function GetVersionString(Float fVersion)
+	Int Major = Math.Floor(fVersion) as Int
+	Int Minor = ((fVersion - (Major as Float)) * 100.0) as Int
+	If Minor < 10
+		Return Major + ".0" + Minor
+	Else
+		Return Major + "." + Minor
+	EndIf
+EndFunction
+
+Function CheckForExtras()
+EndFunction

samples/Prolog/logic-problem.pro

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/**
+ * Question 1.1
+ * combiner(+Buddies, -Pairs)
+ */
+combiner([], []).
+combiner([First|Buddies], Pairs):-
+	make_pairs(First, Buddies, Pairs1),
+	combiner(Buddies, Pairs2),
+	concat(Pairs1, Pairs2, Pairs).
+
+/**
+ * make_pairs(+Buddy, +Buddies, -Pairs)
+ */
+make_pairs(Buddy, [], []).
+make_pairs(Buddy, [First|Buddies], [(Buddy, First)|Pairs]):-
+	make_pairs(Buddy, Buddies, Pairs).
+
+/**
+ * concat(+X, +Y, ?T)
+ */
+concat([], Y, Y).
+concat([P|R], Y, [P|T]):-
+	concat(R, Y, T).
+
+
+/**
+ * Question 1.2
+ * extraire(+AllPossiblePairs, +NbPairs, -Tp, -RemainingPairs)
+ */
+extraire(AllPossiblePairs, 0, [], AllPossiblePairs).
+extraire([PossiblePair|AllPossiblePairs], NbPairs, [PossiblePair|Tp], NewRemainingPairs):-
+	NbPairs > 0,
+	NewNbPairs is NbPairs - 1,
+	extraire(AllPossiblePairs, NewNbPairs, Tp, RemainingPairs),
+	not(pair_in_array(PossiblePair, Tp)),
+	delete_pair(RemainingPairs, PossiblePair, NewRemainingPairs).
+extraire([PossiblePair|AllPossiblePairs], NbPairs, Tp, [PossiblePair|RemainingPairs]):-
+	NbPairs > 0,
+	extraire(AllPossiblePairs, NbPairs, Tp, RemainingPairs),
+	pair_in_array(PossiblePair, Tp).
+
+/**
+ * delete_pair(+Pairs, +Pair, -PairsWithoutPair)
+ */
+delete_pair([], _, []).
+delete_pair([Pair|Pairs], Pair, Pairs):-!.
+delete_pair([FirstPair|Pairs], Pair, [FirstPair|PairsWithoutPair]):-
+	delete_pair(Pairs, Pair, PairsWithoutPair).
+
+/**
+ * pair_in_array(+Pair, +Pairs)
+ */
+pair_in_array((A, B), [(C, D)|Pairs]):-
+	(A == C ; B == D ; A == D ; B == C),
+	!.
+pair_in_array(Pair, [FirstPair|Pairs]):-
+	pair_in_array(Pair, Pairs).
+
+
+/**
+ * Question 1.3
+ * les_tps(+Buddies, -Tps)
+ */
+les_tps(Buddies, Tps):-
+	combiner(Buddies, PossiblePairs),
+	length(Buddies, NbBuddies),
+	NbPairs is integer(NbBuddies / 2),
+	findall(Tp, extraire(PossiblePairs, NbPairs, Tp, _), Tps).

samples/Python/backstage.fcgi

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+import sqlite
+import urllib2
+import csv
+import cgi
+import simplejson
+import jsontemplate
+import time
+
+log = open('log.txt', 'a')
+
+def urldecode(query):
+   d = {}
+   a = query.split('&')
+   for s in a:
+      if s.find('='):
+         k,v = map(urllib2.unquote, s.split('='))
+         try:
+            d[k].append(v)
+         except KeyError:
+            d[k] = [v]
+ 
+   return d
+
+def load_table(uri, cur):
+    table = uri.split('/')[-1]
+    table = table.split('.')[0]
+
+    contents = urllib2.urlopen(uri)
+    fields = ""
+    for field in contents.readline().strip().split(','):
+      fields += field
+      fields += ","
+    fields = fields.rstrip(',')
+    
+    cur.execute("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' \
+      AND name='%s';" % (table))
+    if cur.fetchone() == None:
+#      cur.execute("DROP TABLE %s;" % (table))
+      cur.execute("CREATE TABLE %s (%s);" % (table, fields))
+      for line in contents:
+        values = line.strip()
+        values = "','".join([val.strip() for val in values.split(",")])
+        values = "'" + values + "'"
+        sql = "INSERT INTO %s (%s) VALUES (%s);" % (table, fields, values)
+        cur.execute(sql)
+    return table
+
+def build_structure(headings, allresults):
+  results = []
+  for result in allresults:
+    results.append(dict(zip(headings, result)))
+  results = { "query" : results }
+  return results
+
+def build_json(headings, allresults, callback):
+  results = build_structure(headings, allresults)
+  return_str = simplejson.dumps(results)
+  if callback != None:
+    return_str = callback + "(" + return_str + ");";
+  return return_str
+
+def load_template(templatefile):
+  return "".join(urllib2.urlopen(templatefile).readlines())
+
+def build_template(headings, allresults, template_str):
+  results = build_structure(headings, allresults)
+  return jsontemplate.expand(template_str, results)
+  return ""
+
+def myapp(environ, start_response):
+    args = cgi.parse_qs(environ['QUERY_STRING'])
+    
+    query = args['query'][0]
+    uri = args['uri'][0]
+    callback = None
+    if 'callback' in args:
+      callback = args['callback'][0]
+    label = "no label"
+    if 'label' in args:
+      label = args['label'][0]
+    templatefile = None
+    if 'templatefile' in args:
+      templatefile = args['templatefile'][0]
+
+    con = sqlite.connect('mydatabase.db')
+    cur = con.cursor()
+    table_uris = uri.split(',')
+    tables = [load_table(uri, cur) for uri in table_uris]
+    con.commit() 
+    before = time.time()
+    cur.execute(query)
+    allresults = cur.fetchall()
+    after = time.time()
+    log.write("%s: query time %f\n" % (label, after - before))
+
+    headings = [name[0] for name in cur.description]
+    return_str = ""
+    if templatefile != None:
+      start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
+      before = time.time()
+      template_str = load_template(templatefile)
+      after = time.time()
+      log.write("%s: template loading time %f\n" % (label, after - before))
+      before = time.time()
+      return_str = build_template(headings, allresults, template_str)
+      after = time.time()
+      log.write("%s: template rendering time %f\n" % (label, after - before))
+    else:
+      start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/plain')])
+      before = time.time()
+      return_str = build_json(headings, allresults, callback)
+      after = time.time()
+      log.write("%s: json-making time %f\n" % (label, after - before))
+    return return_str
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    from fcgi import WSGIServer
+    WSGIServer(myapp).run()

samples/Ruby/mdata_server.fcgi

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+require "xmlrpc/server"
+
+# NOTE: force the usage of the pure-ruby version of fcgi. 
+# - this is required by the workaround to get fcgi+xmlrpc working together
+FCGI_PURE_RUBY=true
+require 'fcgi'
+
+require File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '../bt_cast/mdata_echo_server/bt_cast_mdata_server_t.rb')
+
+################################################################################
+################################################################################
+#			CGI handling for xmlrpc
+################################################################################
+################################################################################
+# - for basic xmlrpc via CGI example
+#   - see http://www.ntecs.de/projects/xmlrpc4r/server.html#label-19
+
+# create the directory needed for Neoip::Cast_mdata_server_t
+Neoip::Cast_mdata_server_t.create_dir_ifneeded();
+
+# init the cgi_server
+cgi_server	= XMLRPC::CGIServer.new     
+# register all the xmlrpc function
+cgi_server.add_handler("set_cast_mdata_pull") do |web2srv_str, cast_name, cast_privtext, cast_id, 
+						port_lview, port_pview, uri_pathquery|
+	Neoip::Cast_mdata_server_t.set_cast_mdata_pull(web2srv_str, cast_name, cast_privtext, cast_id,
+						port_lview, port_pview, uri_pathquery, ENV['REMOTE_ADDR']);
+end 
+cgi_server.add_handler("set_cast_mdata_push") do |web2srv_str, cast_name, cast_privtext, cast_mdata|
+	Neoip::Cast_mdata_server_t.set_cast_mdata_push(web2srv_str, cast_name, cast_privtext, cast_mdata);
+end 
+cgi_server.add_handler("get_cast_mdata") do |cast_name, cast_privhash|
+	Neoip::Cast_mdata_server_t.get_cast_mdata(cast_name, cast_privhash);
+end 
+cgi_server.add_handler("del_cast_mdata") do |cast_name, cast_privtext|
+	Neoip::Cast_mdata_server_t.del_cast_mdata(cast_name, cast_privtext);
+end
+
+# handle the unknown/bad formered calls
+cgi_server.set_default_handler do |name, *args|
+	raise XMLRPC::FaultException.new(-99, "Method #{name} missing" +
+                                   " or wrong number of parameters!")
+end
+
+# server the cgi_server
+#cgi_server.serve
+#exit
+  
+# experiment at using fast-cgi
+FCGI.each_request do |request|
+	# XMLRPC::CGIServer expect some value in ENV[] but FCGI doesnt provides them
+	# - so working around by copying them by hand... dirty 
+	ENV['REMOTE_ADDR']	= request.env['REMOTE_ADDR'];
+	ENV['REQUEST_METHOD']	= request.env['REQUEST_METHOD'];
+	ENV['CONTENT_TYPE']	= "text/xml";
+	ENV['CONTENT_LENGTH']	= "#{request.in.length}";
+
+	# copy the request in/out into the stdin/stdout to act as a CGI
+	$stdin	= request.in
+	$stdout	= request.out
+
+	# process the cgi itself
+	cgi_server.serve
+
+	# mark the request as finished
+	request.finish
+end

samples/Shell/build.command

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+set -e
+
+echo "/************/"
+echo "/* BUILDING */"
+echo "/************/"
+echo ""
+
+cd `dirname $0`
+
+cd build
+
+cmake ..
+
+make
+
+echo ""
+echo "/***********/"
+echo "/* TESTING */"
+echo "/***********/"
+echo ""
+
+# ctest ..
+
+make Experimental
+
+echo ""
+echo "/***********/"
+echo "/* SUCCESS */"
+echo "/***********/"
+echo ""

samples/Shell/php.fcgi

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# you can change the PHP version here.
+version="RB_PHP_VERSION_X_Y_Z"
+
+# php.ini file location
+PHPRC=/usr/local/php/phpfarm/inst/php-${version}/lib/php.ini
+export PHPRC
+
+PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=3
+export PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN
+
+PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=5000
+export PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
+
+# which php-cgi binary to execute
+exec /usr/local/php/inst/php-${version}/bin/php-cgi

samples/SuperCollider/WarpPreset.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+WarpPreset {
+	*new {|path|
+		if(path.notNil) {
+			^Object.readArchive(path);
+		};
+
+		^super.new.init();
+	}
+
+	init {
+
+	}
+
+	save {
+		Dialog.savePanel({|path|
+			this.writeArchive(path);
+		});
+	}
+}

samples/SuperCollider/WarpTate.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+WarpTate {
+	classvar <numSections = 8;
+	// classvar <sectionDur = 3 * 60;
+	classvar <sectionDur = 60;
+
+	var <sensorKeys;
+	var <clock;
+	var <tempo;
+	var <>tempoChannel;
+	var <>tempoControl;
+	var <out;
+	var <tracks;
+	var <>sections;
+	var <availableControls;
+	var <controls;
+	var <sensorVals;
+	var <sensorPrevs;
+	var <sensorMins;
+	var <sensorMaxs;
+	var <>sensorMinAdj;
+	var <>sensorMaxAdj;
+	var <doAdjusts;
+	var <playRout;
+
+	*new {
+		^super.new.init;
+	}
+
+	init {
+		tempo = 120;
+		tempoChannel = 15;
+		tempoControl = 3;
+		clock = TempoClock.default
+			.tempo_(2)
+			.permanent_(true);
+
+		MIDIClient.init;
+		out = MIDIOut.newByName("IAC Driver", "Bus 1");
+		out.latency = 0;
+
+		tracks = IdentityDictionary[];
+		sections = Array.newClear(WarpTate.numSections);
+		// sections is a List of IdentityDictionary to be mapped to
+		// WarpTrack settings var
+		// e.g. List[IdentityDictionary[
+		//	 			'303_1' -> IdentityDictionary['notes' -> List[42]],
+		// 				'808_1'	-> IdentityDictionary['notes' -> List[24]]
+		// 			]
+		// 		]
+		sensorKeys = ['303a', '303b', '808a', '808b'];
+
+		// channel 16 reserved for tempo changes
+		availableControls = 15.collect {|channel|
+			(0..120).reject({|item, i|
+				[ 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68,
+				69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 84, 91, 92, 93, 94,
+				95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 102 ].includes(item)
+			});
+		};
+
+		controls = (0..127).collect { IdentityDictionary[] };
+
+		this.addOSCdefs();
+
+		CmdPeriod.add({this.stop});
+	}
+
+	tempo_ {|argTempo|
+		if(argTempo >= 50 && argTempo <= 177) {
+			tempo = argTempo;
+			clock.tempo = tempo / 60;
+
+			out.control(tempoChannel, tempoControl, tempo - 50);
+		} {
+			"Tempo out of Logic's range :(".postln;
+		};
+	}
+
+	addTrack {|trackKey, channel, type|
+		tracks[trackKey] = WarpTrack(this, trackKey, channel, type);
+		^tracks[trackKey];
+	}
+
+	loadTrack {|preset, checkAvailable|
+		var track = WarpTrack.load(this, preset, checkAvailable),
+			trackKey = track.settings['key'];
+
+		tracks[trackKey] = track;
+		^tracks[trackKey];
+	}
+
+	readTrack {|path|
+		var track = WarpTrack.read(this, path),
+			trackKey = track.settings['key'];
+
+		tracks[trackKey] = track;
+		^tracks[trackKey];
+	}
+
+	removeTrack {|trackKey|
+		tracks[trackKey].allOff();
+		tracks[trackKey] = nil;
+	}
+
+	removeAllTracks {
+		tracks = IdentityDictionary[];
+	}
+
+	on {|trackKey, note|
+		tracks[trackKey].on(note);
+	}
+
+	off {|trackKey, note|
+		tracks[trackKey].off(note);
+	}
+
+	hit {|trackKey, note=60, vel=127, dur=1|
+		tracks[trackKey].hit(note, vel, dur);
+	}
+
+	noteOn {|midiChannel, note, vel|
+		out.noteOn(midiChannel, note, vel);
+	}
+
+	noteOff {|midiChannel, note, vel|
+		out.noteOff(midiChannel, note, vel);
+	}
+
+	control {|midiChannel, num, val|
+		out.control(midiChannel, num, val);
+	}
+
+	isControlAvailable {|channel, controlNum|
+		^controls[channel].keys.includes(controlNum.asSymbol).not;
+	}
+
+	setControl {|channel, num, key|
+		controls[channel][num.asSymbol] = key;
+		availableControls[channel].remove(num);
+	}
+
+	assign {|trackKey, paramKey, controlNum, learn=false|
+		var channel = tracks[trackKey].settings['midiChannel'];
+
+		if(controlNum.notNil && this.isControlAvailable(channel, controlNum)) {
+			tracks[trackKey].assign(paramKey, controlNum, learn);
+			availableControls[channel].removeAt(0);
+
+		} {
+			if(availableControls[channel].size > 0) {
+				tracks[trackKey].assign(paramKey, availableControls[channel][0], learn);
+				availableControls[channel].removeAt(0);
+			} {
+				"no controls left!".postln;
+			};
+		};
+
+		"Don't forget to turn off MIDI learn".postln
+	}
+
+	setParam {|trackKey, paramKey, val|
+		var track, param;
+
+		if((track = tracks[trackKey]).notNil) {
+			if(track.params[paramKey].notNil) {
+				track.setParam(paramKey, val);
+			} {
+				"paramKey doesn't exist".postln;
+			};
+		} {
+			"track key doesn't exist".postln;
+		};
+	}
+
+	// sec takes IdentityDictionarys of WarpTrack settings
+	addSection {|index, tempo=120, presets|
+		// Add section with tempo
+		sections[index] = IdentityDictionary[
+			'tempo' 	-> tempo,
+			'tracks'	-> presets
+		];
+
+		presets.do {|preset, i|
+			// create track if there ain't one with this key
+			if(tracks.includesKey(preset['key']).not) {
+				this.loadTrack(preset, true);
+			};
+
+			// store the preset
+			// sections[index]['tracks'][preset['key']] = preset;
+		};
+
+		^sections;
+	}
+
+	play {
+
+		if(sections.any {|item, i| item.notNil; }) {
+			playRout = Routine {
+				inf.do {|i|
+					sections.do {|section|
+						if(section.notNil) {
+							if(i !== 0) {
+								tracks.do {|track|
+									track.allOff();
+								};
+								this.removeAllTracks();
+							};
+
+							this.tempo = section['tempo'];
+
+							section['tracks'].do {|track, i|
+								var newTrack = this.loadTrack(track, false);
+								newTrack.play();
+							};
+							sectionDur.wait;
+						};
+					};
+				}
+			};
+			clock.playNextBar(playRout);
+		} {
+			"no sections added!".postln;
+		};
+
+	}
+
+	stop {
+		playRout.stop;
+
+		tracks.do {|track|
+			track.allOff();
+			out.allNotesOff(track.settings['midiChannel']);
+		}
+	}
+
+	addOSCdefs {
+		sensorVals = 0!sensorKeys.size;
+		sensorPrevs = 0!sensorKeys.size;
+		sensorMins = 9999!sensorKeys.size;
+		sensorMaxs = 0!sensorKeys.size;
+		sensorMinAdj = sensorMinAdj ?? { 0.005 };
+		sensorMaxAdj = sensorMaxAdj ?? { 0.01 };
+		doAdjusts = false!sensorKeys.size;
+
+		sensorKeys.do {|sensorKey, i|
+			OSCdef(("sensor_" ++ sensorKey).asSymbol, {|msg, time, addr, recvPort|
+				var val = msg[1];
+
+
+				sensorPrevs[i] = sensorVals[i];
+				sensorVals[i] = val;
+
+				if(doAdjusts[i]) {
+					sensorMins[i] = min(val, sensorMins[i]);
+					sensorMaxs[i] = max(val, sensorMaxs[i]);
+
+					if(val < sensorMaxs[i]) {
+						sensorMaxs[i] = sensorMaxs[i] - sensorMaxAdj;
+					};
+
+					if(val > sensorMins[i]) {
+						sensorMins[i] = sensorMins[i] + sensorMinAdj;
+					};
+				} {
+					val = val.clip(sensorMins[i], sensorMaxs[i]);
+				};
+
+
+				tracks.do {|track, j|
+					if(track.settings['sensorFuncs'].includesKey(sensorKey)) {
+						track.sensor(
+							sensorKey,
+							val.linlin(
+								sensorMins[i],
+								sensorMaxs[i],
+								127,
+								0
+							)
+						);
+					};
+				}
+			}, ("/prox/" ++ sensorKey).asSymbol);
+		}
+	}
+}

samples/SuperCollider/WarpTrack.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+WarpTrack {
+	classvar <defaults;
+
+	var <parent;
+	var <settings;
+
+	*initClass {
+		defaults['303_1'] = defaults['303'].copy;
+		defaults['303_1']['paramControls'].putPairs([
+			'Bus 1', 46,
+			'Bus 2', 45,
+			'Bus 3', 48,
+			'echovol', 47
+		]);
+		defaults['303_1']['params'].putPairs([
+			'Bus 1', 0,
+			'Bus 2', 0,
+			'Bus 3', 0,
+			'echovol', 0
+		]);
+
+		defaults['303_2'] = defaults['303_1'].copy;
+		defaults['303_2']['paramControls'].putPairs([
+		]);
+		defaults['303_2']['params'].putPairs([
+		]);
+
+		defaults['808_1'] = defaults['808'].copy;
+		defaults['808_1']['paramControls'].putPairs([
+			'bitcrusher', 88,
+			'Send 1', 89,
+			'Send 2', 90,
+			'Send 3', 101
+		]);
+		defaults['808_1']['params'].putPairs([
+			'bitcrusher', 0,
+			'Send 1', 0,
+			'Send 2', 0,
+			'Send 3', 0
+		]);
+
+		defaults['808_2'] = defaults['808_1'].copy;
+		defaults['808_2']['paramControls'].putPairs([]);
+		defaults['808_2']['params'].putPairs([]);
+	}
+
+	*new {|argParent, argKey, argMidiChannel, argType|
+		^super.new.init(argParent, argKey, argMidiChannel, argType);
+	}
+
+	*read {|argParent, path|
+		^super.new.init(argParent).readPreset(path);
+	}
+
+	*load {|argParent, preset, checkAvailable|
+		^super.new.init(argParent).loadPreset(preset, checkAvailable);
+	}
+
+	init {|argParent, argKey, argMidiChannel, argType|
+		parent = argParent;
+
+		settings = IdentityDictionary[
+			'key'			-> argKey,
+			'midiChannel'	-> argMidiChannel,
+			'notes'			-> Set[],
+			'params'		-> IdentityDictionary[],
+			'paramControls'	-> IdentityDictionary[],
+			'patternTrack'	-> true,
+			'sensorFuncs'	-> IdentityDictionary[]
+		];
+
+		if(argType.notNil) {
+			settings['type'] = argType;
+			if(WarpTrack.defaults.keys.includes(argType)) {
+				['paramControls', 'params'].do {|key, i|
+					settings[key] = WarpTrack.defaults[argType][key];
+				}
+			};
+
+			this.initParams();
+		};
+	}
+
+	on {|note|
+		var clock = parent.clock;
+		var sub = 1 / (parent.clock.tempo * 16); // one sub division
+
+		clock.schedAbs(clock.nextBar - sub, {
+			if(settings['patternTrack']) {
+				this.allOff();
+			} {
+				this.off(note);
+			};
+		});
+
+		parent.clock.playNextBar({
+			settings['notes'].add(note);
+			parent.noteOn(settings['midiChannel'], note, 127);
+		});
+	}
+
+	off {|note|
+		// settings['notes'].remove(note);
+		parent.noteOff(settings['midiChannel'], note, 0);
+	}
+
+	hit {|note=60, vel=127, dur=1, quant=0|
+		{
+			parent.noteOn(settings['midiChannel'], note, vel);
+			dur.wait;
+			parent.noteOff(settings['midiChannel'], note, vel);
+		}.fork(parent.clock, quant:quant);
+	}
+
+	allOff {
+		settings['notes'].do {|note, i|
+			this.off(note);
+		};
+	}
+
+	assign {|paramKey, num, learn=false, init=true, checkAvailable=true|
+		if(num.notNil) {
+			this.assignAll(IdentityDictionary[paramKey -> num], learn, init, checkAvailable);
+		} {
+			parent.assign(settings['key'], paramKey, nil, learn);
+		};
+	}
+
+	assignAll {|paramControls, learn=false, init=true, checkAvailable=true|
+		var action = {
+			var channel = settings['midiChannel'];
+
+			paramControls.keysValuesDo { |paramKey, num|
+				if(checkAvailable.not ||
+					(checkAvailable && parent.isControlAvailable(channel, num))) {
+					settings['paramControls'][paramKey] = num;
+					if(init) {
+						settings['params'][paramKey] = 0;
+					};
+					parent.setControl(channel, num, paramKey);
+					if(learn) {
+						parent.control(channel, num, 127);
+						0.05.wait;
+						parent.control(channel, num, 0);
+					};
+					paramKey ++ " assigned to controlNum " ++ num;
+				} {
+					("this controlNum " ++ num ++ " is already assigned!").postln;
+				};
+			};
+		};
+
+		if(learn) {
+			action.fork;
+		} {
+			action.();
+		};
+
+	}
+
+	initParams {
+		settings['params'].keysValuesDo { |key, value|
+			this.setParam(key, value);
+		};
+		settings['paramControls'].keysValuesDo { |key, value|
+			parent.setControl(settings['midiChannel'], value, key);
+		};
+	}
+
+	setParam {|paramKey, val, quant|
+		var func = {
+			parent.control(
+				settings['midiChannel'],
+				settings['paramControls'][paramKey],
+				val
+			);
+
+			settings['params'][paramKey] = val;
+		};
+
+		if(quant.notNil) {
+			{
+				func.();
+			}.fork(parent.clock, quant:quant);
+		} {
+			func.();
+		};
+	}
+
+	readPreset {|path, checkAvailable=true|
+		this.loadPreset(Object.readArchive(path), checkAvailable);
+	}
+
+	loadPreset {|preset, checkAvailable=true|
+		// copy all settings except notes and paramControls
+		preset.keys.reject({|settingKey, i|
+			['notes', 'paramControls'].includes(settingKey);
+		}).do {|presetKey, i|
+			settings[presetKey] = preset[presetKey];
+		};
+
+		// copy notes if it's a patternTrack
+		if(preset['patternTrack']) {
+			settings['notes'] = preset['notes'];
+		};
+
+		// assign all without learn or init
+		this.assignAll(
+			preset['paramControls'],
+			false,
+			false,
+			checkAvailable
+		);
+
+		this.initParams();
+
+		// if(settings['notes'].size > 0) {
+		// 	this.on(settings['notes'].asArray[0]);
+		// };
+	}
+
+	sensor {|sensorKey, val|
+		settings['sensorFuncs'][sensorKey].do {|func, i|
+			func.(this, val);
+		}
+	}
+
+	addFunc {|sensorKey, funcKey, func|
+		if(parent.sensorKeys.includes(sensorKey)) {
+			if(settings['sensorFuncs'].includesKey(sensorKey).not) {
+				settings['sensorFuncs'][sensorKey] = IdentityDictionary[];
+			};
+
+			settings['sensorFuncs'][sensorKey][funcKey] = func;
+		} {
+			"parent doesn't have that sensor key".postln;
+		};
+	}
+
+	removeFunc {|sensorKey, funcKey|
+		settings['sensorFuncs'][sensorKey].removeAt(funcKey);
+
+		if(settings['sensorFuncs'][sensorKey].isEmpty) {
+			settings['sensorFuncs'].removeAt(sensorKey);
+		};
+	}
+
+	availableControls {
+		^parent.availableControls[settings['midiChannel']].copy;
+	}
+
+	save {
+		Dialog.savePanel({|path|
+			settings.writeArchive(path);
+		});
+	}
+
+	play {
+		if(settings['patternTrack'] && settings['notes'].notEmpty) {
+			this.on(settings['notes'].choose);
+		};
+	}
+}

samples/SuperCollider/WarpUtil.sc

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+WarpUtil {
+	var <>parent;
+	var <curSensor;
+
+	var <win;
+	var <texts;
+	var <sensorSlider;
+	var <sliders;
+	var <updateRout;
+
+	*new {|argParent|
+		^super.new.init(argParent);
+	}
+
+	init {|argParent|
+		parent = argParent;
+		texts = IdentityDictionary[];
+
+		this.makeView();
+		this.startUpdate();
+	}
+
+	calibrate {
+		{
+			parent.doAdjusts.size.do {|i|
+				parent.sensorMaxs[i] = 0;
+				parent.sensorMins[i] = 9999;
+				parent.doAdjusts[i] = true;
+			};
+
+			sliders.do {|slider, i|
+				if(parent.sensorKeys[i] !== curSensor) {
+					slider.valueAction_(0);
+					0.1.wait;
+					slider.valueAction_(1);
+				};
+			}
+		}.fork(AppClock);
+	}
+
+	stopCalibrate {
+		parent.doAdjusts.size.do {|i|
+			parent.doAdjusts[i] = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	makeView {
+		var width = 370;
+
+		if(win.notNil) {
+			win.close;
+		};
+
+		win = Window("Sensor Inspector", Rect(256, 10, width, 424)).front;
+		win.view.addFlowLayout;
+
+		['sensorVals', 'sensorPrevs', 'sensorMins', 'sensorMaxs'].do {|label, i|
+			StaticText(win, (width * 0.5)@20)
+				.string_(label.asString);
+
+			win.view.decorator.nextLine;
+
+
+			texts[label] = StaticText(win, (width / 2)@40);
+
+			if(curSensor.notNil) {
+				texts[label].string_(
+					"\t" ++ parent.perform(label).at(
+						parent.sensorKeys.indexOf(curSensor)
+					);
+				);
+			};
+
+			win.view.decorator.nextLine;
+		};
+
+		sensorSlider = EZSlider(win, 280@20, label: curSensor.asString);
+
+		sliders = parent.sensorKeys.collect { |sensorKey, i|
+			EZSlider(win, 280@20, label: sensorKey.asString)
+				.action_({|ez|
+					NetAddr.localAddr.sendMsg(
+						"/prox/" ++ sensorKey,
+						ez.value * 100
+					);
+				});
+		};
+	}
+
+	startUpdate {
+		updateRout = Routine {
+			inf.do {|i|
+				var index;
+
+				if(curSensor.notNil) {
+					index = parent.sensorKeys.indexOf(curSensor);
+
+					['sensorVals', 'sensorPrevs', 'sensorMins',
+						'sensorMaxs'].do {|label, i|
+
+							texts[label]
+							.string_("\t" ++ parent.perform(label)[index]);
+					};
+
+					sensorSlider.value = parent.sensorVals[index].linlin(
+						parent.sensorMins[index],
+						parent.sensorMaxs[index],
+						0,
+						1
+					);
+				};
+				0.05.wait;
+			}
+		};
+
+		updateRout.play(AppClock);
+	}
+
+	stopUpdate {
+		updateRout.stop();
+	}
+
+	curSensor_ {|argCurSensor|
+		curSensor = argCurSensor;
+		this.makeView();
+	}
+}

samples/Tcl/filenames/owh

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env tclsh
+# http://wiki.tcl.tk/906
+
+if {[llength $argv] < 1} {
+   puts "usage: owh ?init? body ?exit?
+   performs body (in Tcl) for each line (\$0) from stdin
+   owh: Ousterhout - Welch - Hobbs, to name a few"
+   exit -1
+}
+
+proc awksplit {text {split default}} {
+    set no 0
+    if {$split eq "default"} {
+        set t {}
+        foreach string [split $text] {
+            if {$string ne {}} {
+                lappend t $string
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        set t [list $text $split]
+    }
+    uplevel 1 [list set NF [llength $t]]
+    foreach i $t {uplevel 1 [list set [incr no] $i]}
+    uplevel 1 {set 0 {};trace variable 0 ru 0}
+}
+proc 0 {_name index op} {
+    switch $op {
+        r {
+            uplevel {
+                set 0 {}
+                for {set i 1} {$i <= $NF} {incr i} {lappend 0 [set $i]}
+                set 0 [join $0 $OFS]
+            }
+        }
+        u {rename 0 {} ;# leave no traces of the trace..}
+    }
+}
+
+proc print s {if {[catch {puts $s}]} exit} ;# good for broken pipe
+
+set FS default
+set OFS { }
+
+if {[llength $argv] > 1} {
+   eval [lindex $argv 0]
+   set _body [lindex $argv 1] ;# strip outer braces
+   set _exit [lindex $argv 2]
+} else {
+   set _body [lindex $argv 0] ;# strip outer braces
+   set _exit {}
+}
+
+set NR 1
+while 1 {
+   gets stdin line
+   if {[eof stdin]} break
+   awksplit $line $FS
+   eval $_body
+   incr NR
+}
+set res [eval $_exit]
+if {[string length $res]} {puts $res}

samples/Tcl/filenames/starfield

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env wish
+# http://wiki.tcl.tk/14140
+
+proc stars'go {c factor} {
+    set w [winfo width $c]
+    set h [winfo height $c] 
+    $c scale all [expr {$w/2}] [expr {$h/2}] $factor $factor 
+    foreach item [$c find all] {
+        if {[llength [$c bbox $item]] == 0} {$c delete $item; continue} ;# (1)
+        foreach {x0 y0 x1 y1} [$c bbox $item] break
+        if {$x1<0 || $x0>$w || $y1<0 || $y0>$h} {$c delete $item}
+    }
+    time {
+        set x [expr {rand()*$w}]
+        set y [expr {rand()*$h}]
+        set col [lpick {white yellow beige bisque cyan}]
+        $c create oval $x $y [expr {$x+1}] [expr {$y+1}] -fill $col \
+                -outline $col
+    } 10
+    after $::ms [info level 0]
+}
+proc lpick list {lindex $list [expr {int(rand()*[llength $list])}]}
+#-- Let's go!
+pack [canvas .c -bg black] -fill both -expand 1
+set ms 40
+bind . <Up> {incr ms -5}
+bind . <Down> {incr ms 5}
+stars'go .c 1.05

samples/VimL/filenames/_vimrc

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+set nocompatible
+set ignorecase
+set incsearch
+set smartcase
+set showmatch
+set showcmd
+
+syntax on

script/cibuild

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+if [ -d /usr/share/rbenv/shims ]; then
+  export PATH=/usr/share/rbenv/shims:$PATH
+  export RBENV_VERSION=2.1.2-github
+  export RUBY_VERSION=2.1.2-github
+fi
+
+set -x
+git log -n 1 HEAD | cat
+ruby -v
+bundle -v
+set +x
+
+mkdir -p ./vendor/gems
+
+bundle install --local --path ./vendor/gems
+bundle exec rake samples
+bundle exec rake

test/test_blob.rb

@@ -304,6 +304,14 @@ class TestBlob < Test::Unit::TestCase
     # Debian packaging
     assert blob("debian/cron.d").vendored?
 
+    # Minified JavaScript and CSS
+    assert blob("foo.min.js").vendored?
+    assert blob("foo.min.css").vendored?
+    assert blob("foo-min.js").vendored?
+    assert blob("foo-min.css").vendored?
+    assert !blob("foomin.css").vendored?
+    assert !blob("foo.min.txt").vendored?
+
     # Prototype
     assert !blob("public/javascripts/application.js").vendored?
     assert blob("public/javascripts/prototype.js").vendored?

test/test_heuristics.rb

@@ -65,6 +65,24 @@ class TestHeuristcs < Test::Unit::TestCase
     assert_equal Language["ECL"], results.first
   end
 
+  def test_pro_prolog_by_heuristics
+    languages = ["IDL", "Prolog"]
+    results = Heuristics.disambiguate_pro(fixture("Prolog/logic-problem.pro"), languages)
+    assert_equal Language["Prolog"], results.first
+  end
+
+  def test_pro_idl_by_heuristics
+    languages = ["IDL", "Prolog"]
+    results = Heuristics.disambiguate_pro(fixture("IDL/mg_acosh.pro"), languages)
+    assert_equal Language["IDL"], results.first
+  end
+
+  def test_asc_asciidoc_by_heuristics
+    languages = ["AGS Script", "AsciiDoc"]
+    results = Heuristics.disambiguate_asc(fixture("AsciiDoc/list.asc"), languages)
+    assert_equal Language["AsciiDoc"], results.first
+  end
+
   def test_ts_typescript_by_heuristics
     languages = ["TypeScript", "XML"]
     results = Heuristics.disambiguate_ts(fixture("TypeScript/classes.ts"), languages)
@@ -86,4 +104,22 @@ class TestHeuristcs < Test::Unit::TestCase
       end
     end
   end
+
+  def test_hack_by_heuristics
+    languages = ["Hack", "PHP"]
+    results = Heuristics.disambiguate_hack(fixture("Hack/funs.php"), languages)
+    assert_equal Language["Hack"], results.first
+  end
+
+  def test_sc_supercollider_by_heuristics
+    languages = ["Scala", "SuperCollider"]
+    results = Heuristics.disambiguate_sc(fixture("SuperCollider/WarpPreset.sc"), languages)
+    assert_equal Language["SuperCollider"], results.first
+  end
+
+  def test_sc_scala_by_heuristics
+    languages = ["Scala", "SuperCollider"]
+    results = Heuristics.disambiguate_sc(fixture("Scala/node11.sc"), languages)
+    assert_equal Language["Scala"], results.first
+  end
 end

test/test_language.rb

@@ -119,6 +119,7 @@ class TestLanguage < Test::Unit::TestCase
     assert_equal Language['VimL'], Language.find_by_alias('viml')
     assert_equal Language['reStructuredText'], Language.find_by_alias('rst')
     assert_equal Language['YAML'], Language.find_by_alias('yml')
+    assert_nil Language.find_by_alias(nil)
   end
 
   def test_groups
@@ -221,6 +222,7 @@ class TestLanguage < Test::Unit::TestCase
   end
 
   def test_find_by_name
+    assert_nil Language.find_by_name(nil)
     ruby = Language['Ruby']
     assert_equal ruby, Language.find_by_name('Ruby')
   end
@@ -241,6 +243,22 @@ class TestLanguage < Test::Unit::TestCase
     end
   end
 
+  def test_find_by_extension
+    assert_equal [], Language.find_by_extension('.factor-rc')
+    assert_equal [], Language.find_by_extension('foo.rb')
+    assert_equal [Language['Ruby']], Language.find_by_extension('rb')
+    assert_equal [Language['Ruby']], Language.find_by_extension('.rb')
+    assert_equal [Language['M'], Language['Mathematica'], Language['Matlab'], Language['Mercury'], Language['Objective-C']], Language.find_by_extension('.m')
+  end
+
+  def test_find_all_by_extension
+    Language.all.each do |language|
+      language.extensions.each do |extension|
+        assert_include Language.find_by_extension(extension), language
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_find_by_filename
     assert_equal [Language['Shell']], Language.find_by_filename('PKGBUILD')
     assert_equal [Language['Ruby']], Language.find_by_filename('foo.rb')
@@ -301,6 +319,22 @@ class TestLanguage < Test::Unit::TestCase
     assert_equal 'C#', Language['c#'].name
     assert_equal 'C#', Language['csharp'].name
     assert_nil Language['defunkt']
+    assert_nil Language[nil]
+  end
+
+  def test_find_ignores_case
+    assert_equal 'AGS Script', Language['ags script'].name
+    assert_equal 'AGS Script', Language['ags sCRIPT'].name
+  end
+
+  def test_find_by_name_ignores_case
+    assert_equal 'AGS Script', Language.find_by_name('ags script').name
+    assert_equal 'AGS Script', Language.find_by_name('ags sCRIPT').name
+  end
+
+  def test_find_by_alias_ignores_case
+    refute_includes Language['AGS Script'].aliases, 'AGS'
+    assert_equal 'AGS Script', Language.find_by_alias('AGS').name
   end
 
   def test_name

test/test_repository.rb

@@ -68,6 +68,19 @@ class TestRepository < Test::Unit::TestCase
     assert !repo.breakdown_by_file["Ruby"].empty?
   end
 
+  def test_commit_with_git_attributes_data
+    # Before we had any .gitattributes data
+    old_commit = '4a017d9033f91b2776eb85275463f9613cc371ef'
+    old_repo = linguist_repo(old_commit)
+
+    # With some .gitattributes data
+    attr_commit = '7ee006cbcb2d7261f9e648510a684ee9ac64126b'
+    # It's incremental but should bust the cache
+    new_repo = Linguist::Repository.incremental(rugged_repository, attr_commit, old_commit, old_repo.cache)
+
+    assert new_repo.breakdown_by_file["Java"].include?("lib/linguist.rb")
+  end
+
   def test_linguist_override_vendored?
     attr_commit = '351c1cc8fd57340839bdb400d7812332af80e9bd'
     repo = linguist_repo(attr_commit).read_index

test/test_samples.rb

@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ class TestSamples < Test::Unit::TestCase
       warn "Samples database is out of date. Run `bundle exec rake samples`."
 
       expected = Tempfile.new('expected.json')
-      expected.write Yajl::Encoder.encode(serialized, :pretty => true)
+      expected.write Yajl.dump(serialized, :pretty => true)
       expected.close
 
       actual = Tempfile.new('actual.json')
-      actual.write Yajl::Encoder.encode(latest, :pretty => true)
+      actual.write Yajl.dump(latest, :pretty => true)
       actual.close
 
       expected.unlink