linguist/samples/C/http_parser.h

/* Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors. All rights reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
 * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
 * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
 * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
 * IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */
#ifndef http_parser_h
#define http_parser_h
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

#define HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MAJOR 1
#define HTTP_PARSER_VERSION_MINOR 0

#include <sys/types.h>
#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__) && (!defined(_MSC_VER) || _MSC_VER<1600)
typedef __int8 int8_t;
typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
typedef __int16 int16_t;
typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
typedef __int32 int32_t;
typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
typedef __int64 int64_t;
typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;

typedef unsigned int size_t;
typedef int ssize_t;
#else
#include <stdint.h>
#endif

/* Compile with -DHTTP_PARSER_STRICT=0 to make less checks, but run
 * faster
 */
#ifndef HTTP_PARSER_STRICT
# define HTTP_PARSER_STRICT 1
#endif

/* Compile with -DHTTP_PARSER_DEBUG=1 to add extra debugging information to
 * the error reporting facility.
 */
#ifndef HTTP_PARSER_DEBUG
# define HTTP_PARSER_DEBUG 0
#endif


/* Maximium header size allowed */
#define HTTP_MAX_HEADER_SIZE (80*1024)


typedef struct http_parser http_parser;
typedef struct http_parser_settings http_parser_settings;


/* Callbacks should return non-zero to indicate an error. The parser will
 * then halt execution.
 *
 * The one exception is on_headers_complete. In a HTTP_RESPONSE parser
 * returning '1' from on_headers_complete will tell the parser that it
 * should not expect a body. This is used when receiving a response to a
 * HEAD request which may contain 'Content-Length' or 'Transfer-Encoding:
 * chunked' headers that indicate the presence of a body.
 *
 * http_data_cb does not return data chunks. It will be call arbitrarally
 * many times for each string. E.G. you might get 10 callbacks for "on_path"
 * each providing just a few characters more data.
 */
typedef int (*http_data_cb) (http_parser*, const char *at, size_t length);
typedef int (*http_cb) (http_parser*);


/* Request Methods */
#define HTTP_METHOD_MAP(XX)         \
  XX(0,  DELETE,      DELETE)       \
  XX(1,  GET,         GET)          \
  XX(2,  HEAD,        HEAD)         \
  XX(3,  POST,        POST)         \
  XX(4,  PUT,         PUT)          \
  /* pathological */                \
  XX(5,  CONNECT,     CONNECT)      \
  XX(6,  OPTIONS,     OPTIONS)      \
  XX(7,  TRACE,       TRACE)        \
  /* webdav */                      \
  XX(8,  COPY,        COPY)         \
  XX(9,  LOCK,        LOCK)         \
  XX(10, MKCOL,       MKCOL)        \
  XX(11, MOVE,        MOVE)         \
  XX(12, PROPFIND,    PROPFIND)     \
  XX(13, PROPPATCH,   PROPPATCH)    \
  XX(14, SEARCH,      SEARCH)       \
  XX(15, UNLOCK,      UNLOCK)       \
  /* subversion */                  \
  XX(16, REPORT,      REPORT)       \
  XX(17, MKACTIVITY,  MKACTIVITY)   \
  XX(18, CHECKOUT,    CHECKOUT)     \
  XX(19, MERGE,       MERGE)        \
  /* upnp */                        \
  XX(20, MSEARCH,     M-SEARCH)     \
  XX(21, NOTIFY,      NOTIFY)       \
  XX(22, SUBSCRIBE,   SUBSCRIBE)    \
  XX(23, UNSUBSCRIBE, UNSUBSCRIBE)  \
  /* RFC-5789 */                    \
  XX(24, PATCH,       PATCH)        \
  XX(25, PURGE,       PURGE)        \

enum http_method
  {
#define XX(num, name, string) HTTP_##name = num,
  HTTP_METHOD_MAP(XX)
#undef XX
  };


enum http_parser_type { HTTP_REQUEST, HTTP_RESPONSE, HTTP_BOTH };


/* Flag values for http_parser.flags field */
enum flags
  { F_CHUNKED               = 1 << 0
  , F_CONNECTION_KEEP_ALIVE = 1 << 1
  , F_CONNECTION_CLOSE      = 1 << 2
  , F_TRAILING              = 1 << 3
  , F_UPGRADE               = 1 << 4
  , F_SKIPBODY              = 1 << 5
  };


/* Map for errno-related constants
 * 
 * The provided argument should be a macro that takes 2 arguments.
 */
#define HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(XX)                                           \
  /* No error */                                                     \
  XX(OK, "success")                                                  \
                                                                     \
  /* Callback-related errors */                                      \
  XX(CB_message_begin, "the on_message_begin callback failed")       \
  XX(CB_url, "the on_url callback failed")                           \
  XX(CB_header_field, "the on_header_field callback failed")         \
  XX(CB_header_value, "the on_header_value callback failed")         \
  XX(CB_headers_complete, "the on_headers_complete callback failed") \
  XX(CB_body, "the on_body callback failed")                         \
  XX(CB_message_complete, "the on_message_complete callback failed") \
                                                                     \
  /* Parsing-related errors */                                       \
  XX(INVALID_EOF_STATE, "stream ended at an unexpected time")        \
  XX(HEADER_OVERFLOW,                                                \
     "too many header bytes seen; overflow detected")                \
  XX(CLOSED_CONNECTION,                                              \
     "data received after completed connection: close message")      \
  XX(INVALID_VERSION, "invalid HTTP version")                        \
  XX(INVALID_STATUS, "invalid HTTP status code")                     \
  XX(INVALID_METHOD, "invalid HTTP method")                          \
  XX(INVALID_URL, "invalid URL")                                     \
  XX(INVALID_HOST, "invalid host")                                   \
  XX(INVALID_PORT, "invalid port")                                   \
  XX(INVALID_PATH, "invalid path")                                   \
  XX(INVALID_QUERY_STRING, "invalid query string")                   \
  XX(INVALID_FRAGMENT, "invalid fragment")                           \
  XX(LF_EXPECTED, "LF character expected")                           \
  XX(INVALID_HEADER_TOKEN, "invalid character in header")            \
  XX(INVALID_CONTENT_LENGTH,                                         \
     "invalid character in content-length header")                   \
  XX(INVALID_CHUNK_SIZE,                                             \
     "invalid character in chunk size header")                       \
  XX(INVALID_CONSTANT, "invalid constant string")                    \
  XX(INVALID_INTERNAL_STATE, "encountered unexpected internal state")\
  XX(STRICT, "strict mode assertion failed")                         \
  XX(PAUSED, "parser is paused")                                     \
  XX(UNKNOWN, "an unknown error occurred")


/* Define HPE_* values for each errno value above */
#define HTTP_ERRNO_GEN(n, s) HPE_##n,
enum http_errno {
  HTTP_ERRNO_MAP(HTTP_ERRNO_GEN)
};
#undef HTTP_ERRNO_GEN


/* Get an http_errno value from an http_parser */
#define HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO(p)            ((enum http_errno) (p)->http_errno)

/* Get the line number that generated the current error */
#if HTTP_PARSER_DEBUG
#define HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO_LINE(p)       ((p)->error_lineno)
#else
#define HTTP_PARSER_ERRNO_LINE(p)       0
#endif


struct http_parser {
  /** PRIVATE **/
  unsigned char type : 2;     /* enum http_parser_type */
  unsigned char flags : 6;    /* F_* values from 'flags' enum; semi-public */
  unsigned char state;        /* enum state from http_parser.c */
  unsigned char header_state; /* enum header_state from http_parser.c */
  unsigned char index;        /* index into current matcher */

  uint32_t nread;          /* # bytes read in various scenarios */
  uint64_t content_length; /* # bytes in body (0 if no Content-Length header) */

  /** READ-ONLY **/
  unsigned short http_major;
  unsigned short http_minor;
  unsigned short status_code; /* responses only */
  unsigned char method;       /* requests only */
  unsigned char http_errno : 7;

  /* 1 = Upgrade header was present and the parser has exited because of that.
   * 0 = No upgrade header present.
   * Should be checked when http_parser_execute() returns in addition to
   * error checking.
   */
  unsigned char upgrade : 1;

#if HTTP_PARSER_DEBUG
  uint32_t error_lineno;
#endif

  /** PUBLIC **/
  void *data; /* A pointer to get hook to the "connection" or "socket" object */
};


struct http_parser_settings {
  http_cb      on_message_begin;
  http_data_cb on_url;
  http_data_cb on_header_field;
  http_data_cb on_header_value;
  http_cb      on_headers_complete;
  http_data_cb on_body;
  http_cb      on_message_complete;
};


enum http_parser_url_fields
  { UF_SCHEMA           = 0
  , UF_HOST             = 1
  , UF_PORT             = 2
  , UF_PATH             = 3
  , UF_QUERY            = 4
  , UF_FRAGMENT         = 5
  , UF_MAX              = 6
  };


/* Result structure for http_parser_parse_url().
 *
 * Callers should index into field_data[] with UF_* values iff field_set
 * has the relevant (1 << UF_*) bit set. As a courtesy to clients (and
 * because we probably have padding left over), we convert any port to
 * a uint16_t.
 */
struct http_parser_url {
  uint16_t field_set;           /* Bitmask of (1 << UF_*) values */
  uint16_t port;                /* Converted UF_PORT string */

  struct {
    uint16_t off;               /* Offset into buffer in which field starts */
    uint16_t len;               /* Length of run in buffer */
  } field_data[UF_MAX];
};


void http_parser_init(http_parser *parser, enum http_parser_type type);


size_t http_parser_execute(http_parser *parser,
                           const http_parser_settings *settings,
                           const char *data,
                           size_t len);


/* If http_should_keep_alive() in the on_headers_complete or
 * on_message_complete callback returns true, then this will be should be
 * the last message on the connection.
 * If you are the server, respond with the "Connection: close" header.
 * If you are the client, close the connection.
 */
int http_should_keep_alive(http_parser *parser);

/* Returns a string version of the HTTP method. */
const char *http_method_str(enum http_method m);

/* Return a string name of the given error */
const char *http_errno_name(enum http_errno err);

/* Return a string description of the given error */
const char *http_errno_description(enum http_errno err);

/* Parse a URL; return nonzero on failure */
int http_parser_parse_url(const char *buf, size_t buflen,
                          int is_connect,
                          struct http_parser_url *u);

/* Pause or un-pause the parser; a nonzero value pauses */
void http_parser_pause(http_parser *parser, int paused);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif