Merge pull request #1747 from github/cut-release-v4.0.2

Cut release v4.0.2

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
-Gemfile.lock
+/Gemfile.lock
 .bundle/
-vendor/
+benchmark/
+lib/linguist/samples.json
+/grammars
+/node_modules

.travis.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-before_install: 
+before_install:
   - git fetch origin master:master
   - git fetch origin v2.0.0:v2.0.0
+  - git fetch origin test/attributes:test/attributes
   - sudo apt-get install libicu-dev -y
-  - gem update --system 2.1.11
 rvm:
   - 1.9.3
   - 2.0.0
-  - 2.1.1
+  - 2.1
+  - 2.2
 notifications:
   disabled: true

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+## Contributing
+
+The majority of contributions won't need to touch any Ruby code at all. The [master language list][languages] is just a YAML configuration file.
+
+Almost all bug fixes or new language additions should come with some additional code samples. Just drop them under [`samples/`][samples] in the correct subdirectory and our test suite will automatically test them. In most cases you shouldn't need to add any new assertions.
+
+### My code is detected as the wrong language
+
+This can usually be solved either by adding a new filename or file name extension to the language's entry in [`languages.yml`][languages] or adding more [samples][samples] for your language to the repository to make Linguist's classifier smarter.
+
+### Syntax highlighting looks wrong
+
+Assuming your code is being detected as the right language (see above), in most cases this is due to a bug in the language grammar rather than a bug in Linguist. [`grammars.yml`][grammars] lists all the grammars we use for syntax highlighting on github.com. Find the one corresponding to your code's programming language and submit a bug report upstream.
+
+You can also try to fix the bug yourself and submit a Pull Request. [This piece from TextMate's documentation](http://manual.macromates.com/en/language_grammars) offers a good introduction on how to work with TextMate-compatible grammars.
+
+Once the bug has been fixed upstream, please let us know and we'll pick it up for GitHub.
+
+### I want to add support for the `X` programming language
+
+Great! You'll need to:
+
+0. Add an entry for your language to [`languages.yml`][languages].
+0. Add a grammar for your language to [`grammars.yml`][grammars] by running `script/download-grammars --add URL`. Please only add grammars that have a license that permits redistribution.
+0. Add samples for your language to the [samples directory][samples].
+
+We try only to add languages once they have some usage on GitHub, so please note in-the-wild usage examples in your pull request. In most cases we prefer that languages already be in use in hundreds of repositories before supporting them in Linguist.
+
+[grammars]: /grammars.yml
+[languages]: /lib/linguist/languages.yml
+[samples]: /samples

Gemfile

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 source 'https://rubygems.org'
-gemspec
+gemspec :name => "github-linguist"
+gemspec :name => "github-linguist-grammars"
+gem 'test-unit', require: false if RUBY_VERSION >= '2.2'

README.md

@@ -1,12 +1,14 @@
 # Linguist
 
-We use this library at GitHub to detect blob languages, highlight code, ignore binary files, suppress generated files in diffs, and generate language breakdown graphs.
+We use this library at GitHub to detect blob languages, ignore binary files, suppress generated files in diffs, and generate language breakdown graphs.
+
+Tips for filing issues and creating pull requests can be found in [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](/CONTRIBUTING.md).
 
 ## Features
 
 ### Language detection
 
-Linguist defines a list of all languages known to GitHub in a [yaml file](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/languages.yml). In order for a file to be highlighted, a language and a lexer must be defined there.
+Linguist defines a list of all languages known to GitHub in a [yaml file](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/languages.yml).
 
 Most languages are detected by their file extension. For disambiguating between files with common extensions, we first apply some common-sense heuristics to pick out obvious languages. After that, we use a
 [statistical
@@ -24,7 +26,9 @@ See [lib/linguist/language.rb](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/li
 
 ### Syntax Highlighting
 
-The actual syntax highlighting is handled by our Pygments wrapper, [pygments.rb](https://github.com/tmm1/pygments.rb). It also provides a [Lexer abstraction](https://github.com/tmm1/pygments.rb/blob/master/lib/pygments/lexer.rb) that determines which highlighter should be used on a file.
+Syntax highlighting in GitHub is performed using TextMate-compatible grammars. These are the same grammars that TextMate, Sublime Text and Atom use.
+
+Every language in `languages.yml` is mapped to its corresponding TM `scope`. This scope will be used when picking up a grammar for highlighting. **When adding a new language to Linguist, please add its corresponding scope too (assuming there's an existing TextMate bundle, Sublime Text package, or Atom package) so syntax highlighting works for it**.
 
 ### Stats
 
@@ -32,33 +36,57 @@ The Language stats bar that you see on every repository is built by aggregating
 
 The repository stats API, accessed through `#languages`, can be used on a directory:
 
+***API UPDATE***
+
+Since [Version 3.0.0](https://github.com/github/linguist/releases/tag/v3.0.0) Linguist expects a git repository (in the form of a [Rugged::Repository](https://github.com/libgit2/rugged#repositories)) to be passed when initializing `Linguist::Repository`.
+
+
 ```ruby
-project = Linguist::Repository.from_directory(".")
-project.language.name  #=> "Ruby"
-project.languages      #=> { "Ruby" => 0.98, "Shell" => 0.02 }
+require 'rugged'
+require 'linguist'
+
+repo = Rugged::Repository.new('.')
+project = Linguist::Repository.new(repo, repo.head.target_id)
+project.language       #=> "Ruby"
+project.languages      #=> { "Ruby" => 119387 }
 ```
 
 These stats are also printed out by the `linguist` binary. You can use the
 `--breakdown` flag, and the binary will also output the breakdown of files by language.
 
-You can try running `linguist` on the `lib/` directory in this repository itself:
+You can try running `linguist` on the root directory in this repository itself:
 
-    $ bundle exec linguist lib/ --breakdown
+    $ bundle exec linguist --breakdown
 
     100.00% Ruby
 
     Ruby:
-    linguist/blob_helper.rb
-    linguist/classifier.rb
-    linguist/file_blob.rb
-    linguist/generated.rb
-    linguist/heuristics.rb
-    linguist/language.rb
-    linguist/md5.rb
-    linguist/repository.rb
-    linguist/samples.rb
-    linguist/tokenizer.rb
-    linguist.rb
+    Gemfile
+    Rakefile
+    bin/linguist
+    github-linguist.gemspec
+    lib/linguist.rb
+    lib/linguist/blob_helper.rb
+    lib/linguist/classifier.rb
+    lib/linguist/file_blob.rb
+    lib/linguist/generated.rb
+    lib/linguist/heuristics.rb
+    lib/linguist/language.rb
+    lib/linguist/lazy_blob.rb
+    lib/linguist/md5.rb
+    lib/linguist/repository.rb
+    lib/linguist/samples.rb
+    lib/linguist/tokenizer.rb
+    lib/linguist/version.rb
+    test/test_blob.rb
+    test/test_classifier.rb
+    test/test_heuristics.rb
+    test/test_language.rb
+    test/test_md5.rb
+    test/test_pedantic.rb
+    test/test_repository.rb
+    test/test_samples.rb
+    test/test_tokenizer.rb
 
 #### Ignore vendored files
 
@@ -80,9 +108,34 @@ Linguist::FileBlob.new("underscore.min.js").generated? # => true
 
 See [Linguist::Generated#generated?](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/generated.rb).
 
+## Overrides
+
+Linguist supports custom overrides for language definitions and vendored paths. Add a `.gitattributes` file to your project using the keys `linguist-language` and `linguist-vendored` with the standard git-style path matchers for the files you want to override.
+
+Please note that the overrides currently only affect the language statistics for a repository and not the syntax-highlighting of files.
+
+```
+$ cat .gitattributes
+*.rb linguist-language=Java
+
+$ linguist --breakdown
+100.00% Java
+
+Java:
+ruby_file.rb
+```
+
+By default, Linguist treats all of the paths defined in [lib/linguist/vendor.yml](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/vendor.yml) as vendored and therefore doesn't include them in the language statistics for a repository. Use the `linguist-vendored` attribute to vendor or un-vendor paths.
+
+```
+$ cat .gitattributes
+special-vendored-path/* linguist-vendored
+jquery.js linguist-vendored=false
+```
+
 ## Installation
 
-github.com is usually running the latest version of the `github-linguist` gem that is released on [RubyGems.org](http://rubygems.org/gems/github-linguist).
+Github.com is usually running the latest version of the `github-linguist` gem that is released on [RubyGems.org](http://rubygems.org/gems/github-linguist).
 
 But for development you are going to want to checkout out the source. To get it, clone the repo and run [Bundler](http://gembundler.com/) to install its dependencies.
 
@@ -94,18 +147,6 @@ To run the tests:
 
     bundle exec rake test
 
-## Contributing
-
-The majority of contributions won't need to touch any Ruby code at all. The [master language list](https://github.com/github/linguist/blob/master/lib/linguist/languages.yml) is just a YAML configuration file.
-
-We try to only add languages once they have some usage on GitHub, so please note in-the-wild usage examples in your pull request.
-
-Almost all bug fixes or new language additions should come with some additional code samples. Just drop them under [`samples/`](https://github.com/github/linguist/tree/master/samples) in the correct subdirectory and our test suite will automatically test them. In most cases you shouldn't need to add any new assertions.
-
-To update the `samples.json` after adding new files to [`samples/`](https://github.com/github/linguist/tree/master/samples):
-
-    bundle exec rake samples
-
 ### A note on language extensions
 
 Linguist has a number of methods available to it for identifying the language of a particular file. The initial lookup is based upon the extension of the file, possible file extensions are defined in an array called `extensions`. Take a look at this example for example for `Perl`:
@@ -145,7 +186,7 @@ If you are the current maintainer of this gem:
  0. Ensure that tests are green: `bundle exec rake test`
  0. Bump gem version in `lib/linguist/version.rb`.  For example, [like this](https://github.com/github/linguist/commit/8d2ea90a5ba3b2fe6e1508b7155aa4632eea2985).
  0. Make a PR to github/linguist.  For example, [#1238](https://github.com/github/linguist/pull/1238).
- 0. Build a local gem: `gem build github-linguist.gemspec`
+ 0. Build a local gem: `bundle exec rake build_gem`
  0. Testing:
    0. Bump the Gemfile and Gemfile.lock versions for an app which relies on this gem
    0. Install the new gem locally

Rakefile

@@ -1,27 +1,103 @@
-require 'json'
+require 'bundler/setup'
 require 'rake/clean'
 require 'rake/testtask'
 require 'yaml'
+require 'yajl'
 
 task :default => :test
 
 Rake::TestTask.new
 
-task :samples do
-  require 'linguist/samples'
-  require 'yajl'
-  data = Linguist::Samples.data
-  json = Yajl::Encoder.encode(data, :pretty => true)
-  File.open('lib/linguist/samples.json', 'w') { |io| io.write json }
+# Extend test task to check for samples
+task :test => :check_samples
+
+desc "Check that we have samples.json generated"
+task :check_samples do
+  unless File.exist?('lib/linguist/samples.json')
+    Rake::Task[:samples].invoke
+  end
 end
 
-task :build_gem do
+task :samples do
+  require 'linguist/samples'
+  json = Yajl.dump(Linguist::Samples.data, :pretty => true)
+  File.write 'lib/linguist/samples.json', json
+end
+
+task :build_gem => :samples do
   languages = YAML.load_file("lib/linguist/languages.yml")
-  File.write("lib/linguist/languages.json", JSON.dump(languages))
+  File.write("lib/linguist/languages.json", Yajl.dump(languages))
   `gem build github-linguist.gemspec`
   File.delete("lib/linguist/languages.json")
 end
 
+task :build_grammars_gem do
+  rm_rf "grammars"
+  sh "script/download-grammars"
+  sh "gem", "build", "github-linguist-grammars.gemspec"
+end
+
+namespace :benchmark do
+  benchmark_path = "benchmark/results"
+
+  # $ bundle exec rake benchmark:generate CORPUS=path/to/samples
+  desc "Generate results for"
+  task :generate do
+    ref = `git rev-parse HEAD`.strip[0,8]
+
+    corpus = File.expand_path(ENV["CORPUS"] || "samples")
+
+    require 'linguist/language'
+
+    results = Hash.new
+    Dir.glob("#{corpus}/**/*").each do |file|
+      next unless File.file?(file)
+      filename = file.gsub("#{corpus}/", "")
+      results[filename] = Linguist::FileBlob.new(file).language
+    end
+
+    # Ensure results directory exists
+    FileUtils.mkdir_p("benchmark/results")
+
+    # Write results
+    if `git status`.include?('working directory clean')
+      result_filename = "benchmark/results/#{File.basename(corpus)}-#{ref}.json"
+    else
+      result_filename = "benchmark/results/#{File.basename(corpus)}-#{ref}-unstaged.json"
+    end
+
+    File.write(result_filename, results.to_json)
+    puts "wrote #{result_filename}"
+  end
+
+  # $ bundle exec rake benchmark:compare REFERENCE=path/to/reference.json CANDIDATE=path/to/candidate.json
+  desc "Compare results"
+  task :compare do
+    reference_file = ENV["REFERENCE"]
+    candidate_file = ENV["CANDIDATE"]
+
+    reference = Yajl.load(File.read(reference_file))
+    reference_counts = Hash.new(0)
+    reference.each { |filename, language| reference_counts[language] += 1 }
+
+    candidate = Yajl.load(File.read(candidate_file))
+    candidate_counts = Hash.new(0)
+    candidate.each { |filename, language| candidate_counts[language] += 1 }
+
+    changes = diff(reference_counts, candidate_counts)
+
+    if changes.any?
+      changes.each do |language, (before, after)|
+        before_percent = 100 * before / reference.size.to_f
+        after_percent = 100 * after / candidate.size.to_f
+        puts "%s changed from %.1f%% to %.1f%%" % [language || 'unknown', before_percent, after_percent]
+      end
+    else
+      puts "No changes"
+    end
+  end
+end
+
 namespace :classifier do
   LIMIT = 1_000
 
@@ -37,7 +113,7 @@ namespace :classifier do
       next if file_language.nil? || file_language == 'Text'
       begin
         data = open(file_url).read
-        guessed_language, score = Linguist::Classifier.classify(Linguist::Samples::DATA, data).first
+        guessed_language, score = Linguist::Classifier.classify(Linguist::Samples.cache, data).first
 
         total += 1
         guessed_language == file_language ? correct += 1 : incorrect += 1
@@ -54,14 +130,12 @@ namespace :classifier do
 
   def each_public_gist
     require 'open-uri'
-    require 'json'
-
     url = "https://api.github.com/gists/public"
 
     loop do
       resp = open(url)
       url = resp.meta['link'][/<([^>]+)>; rel="next"/, 1]
-      gists = JSON.parse(resp.read)
+      gists = Yajl.load(resp.read)
 
       for gist in gists
         for filename, attrs in gist['files']
@@ -71,3 +145,10 @@ namespace :classifier do
     end
   end
 end
+
+
+def diff(a, b)
+  (a.keys | b.keys).each_with_object({}) do |key, diff|
+    diff[key] = [a[key], b[key]] unless a[key] == b[key]
+  end
+end

github-linguist-grammars.gemspec

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+require File.expand_path('../lib/linguist/version', __FILE__)
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+  s.name    = 'github-linguist-grammars'
+  s.version = Linguist::VERSION
+  s.summary = "Language grammars for use with github-linguist"
+
+  s.authors  = "GitHub"
+  s.homepage = "https://github.com/github/linguist"
+
+  s.files = ['lib/linguist/grammars.rb'] + Dir['grammars/*']
+
+  s.add_development_dependency 'plist', '~>3.1'
+end

github-linguist.gemspec

@@ -10,17 +10,16 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
   s.homepage = "https://github.com/github/linguist"
   s.license  = "MIT"
 
-  s.files = Dir['lib/**/*']
+  s.files = Dir['lib/**/*'] - ['lib/linguist/grammars.rb']
   s.executables << 'linguist'
 
   s.add_dependency 'charlock_holmes', '~> 0.7.3'
   s.add_dependency 'escape_utils',    '~> 1.0.1'
-  s.add_dependency 'mime-types',      '~> 1.19'
-  s.add_dependency 'pygments.rb',     '~> 0.6.0'
-  s.add_dependency 'rugged',          '~> 0.21.0'
+  s.add_dependency 'mime-types',      '>= 1.19'
+  s.add_dependency 'rugged',          '~> 0.22.0b1'
 
-  s.add_development_dependency 'json'
   s.add_development_dependency 'mocha'
+  s.add_development_dependency 'pry'
   s.add_development_dependency 'rake'
   s.add_development_dependency 'yajl-ruby'
 end

grammars.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+---
+http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/genshi/contrib/textmate/Genshi.tmbundle/Syntaxes/Markup%20Template%20%28XML%29.tmLanguage:
+- text.xml.genshi
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/BlitzMax.tmbundle:
+- source.blitzmax
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/Cython.tmbundle:
+- source.cython
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/F%20Sharp.tmbundle:
+- source.fsharp
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/Forth.tmbundle:
+- source.forth
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/Parrot.tmbundle:
+- source.parrot.pir
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/Ruby%20Sass.tmbundle:
+- source.sass
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/SecondLife%20LSL.tmbundle:
+- source.lsl
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/VHDL.tmbundle:
+- source.vhdl
+http://svn.textmate.org/trunk/Review/Bundles/XQuery.tmbundle:
+- source.xquery
+https://bitbucket.org/Clams/sublimesystemverilog/get/default.tar.gz:
+- source.systemverilog
+- source.ucfconstraints
+https://bitbucket.org/bitlang/sublime_cobol/raw/b0e9c44ac5f7a2fb553421aa986b35854cbfda4a/COBOL.tmLanguage:
+- source.cobol
+https://fan.googlecode.com/hg-history/Build%201.0.55/adm/tools/textmate/Fan.tmbundle/Syntaxes/Fan.tmLanguage:
+- source.fan
+https://github.com/AlanQuatermain/go-tmbundle:
+- source.go
+https://github.com/Anomareh/PHP-Twig.tmbundle:
+- text.html.twig
+https://github.com/Cirru/sublime-cirru/raw/master/Cirru.tmLanguage:
+- source.cirru
+https://github.com/Cykey/Sublime-Logos:
+- source.logos
+https://github.com/Drako/SublimeBrainfuck/raw/master/Brainfuck.tmLanguage:
+- source.bf
+https://github.com/JohnNilsson/awk-sublime/raw/master/AWK.tmLanguage:
+- source.awk
+https://github.com/MarioRicalde/SCSS.tmbundle:
+- source.scss
+https://github.com/Oldes/Sublime-REBOL:
+- source.rebol
+https://github.com/PogiNate/Sublime-Inform:
+- source.Inform7
+https://github.com/Red-Nova-Technologies/autoitv3-tmbundle:
+- source.autoit.3
+https://github.com/SalGnt/Sublime-VimL:
+- source.viml
+https://github.com/Shammah/boo-sublime/raw/master/Boo.tmLanguage:
+- source.boo
+https://github.com/SublimeText/ColdFusion:
+- source.cfscript
+- source.cfscript.cfc
+- text.cfml.basic
+- text.html.cfm
+https://github.com/SublimeText/NSIS:
+- source.nsis
+https://github.com/Varriount/NimLime:
+- source.nimrod
+- source.nimrod_filter
+- source.nimrodcfg
+https://github.com/angryant0007/VBDotNetSyntax:
+- source.vbnet
+https://github.com/aroben/ada.tmbundle/raw/c45eed4d5f98fe3bcbbffbb9e436601ab5bbde4b/Syntaxes/Ada.plist:
+- source.ada
+https://github.com/aroben/ruby.tmbundle@4636a3023153c3034eb6ffc613899ba9cf33b41f:
+- source.ruby
+- text.html.erb
+https://github.com/asbjornenge/Docker.tmbundle:
+- source.dockerfile
+https://github.com/atom/language-clojure:
+- source.clojure
+https://github.com/atom/language-coffee-script:
+- source.coffee
+- source.litcoffee
+https://github.com/atom/language-csharp:
+- source.cs
+- source.csx
+- source.nant-build
+https://github.com/atom/language-javascript:
+- source.js
+- source.js.regexp
+https://github.com/atom/language-python:
+- source.python
+- source.regexp.python
+- text.python.traceback
+https://github.com/atom/language-shellscript:
+- source.shell
+- text.shell-session
+https://github.com/austinwagner/sublime-sourcepawn:
+- source.sp
+https://github.com/bfad/Sublime-Lasso:
+- file.lasso
+https://github.com/bholt/chapel-tmbundle:
+- source.chapel
+https://github.com/brandonwamboldt/sublime-nginx:
+- source.nginx
+https://github.com/carsonoid/sublime_man_page_support/raw/master/man-groff.tmLanguage:
+- text.groff
+https://github.com/ccreutzig/sublime-MuPAD:
+- source.mupad
+https://github.com/cdwilson/nesC.tmbundle:
+- source.nesc
+https://github.com/christophevg/racket-tmbundle:
+- source.racket
+https://github.com/clemos/haxe-sublime-bundle:
+- source.erazor
+- source.haxe.2
+- source.hss.1
+- source.hxml
+- source.nmml
+https://github.com/cucumber/cucumber-tmbundle:
+- source.ruby.rspec.cucumber.steps
+- text.gherkin.feature
+https://github.com/daaain/Handlebars/raw/master/Handlebars.tmLanguage:
+- text.html.handlebars
+https://github.com/davidpeckham/powershell.tmbundle:
+- source.powershell
+https://github.com/davidrios/jade-tmbundle:
+- source.jade
+- source.pyjade
+https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir-tmbundle:
+- source.elixir
+- text.elixir
+- text.html.elixir
+https://github.com/ericzou/ebundles/raw/master/Bundles/MSDOS%20batch%20file.tmbundle/Syntaxes/MSDOS%20batch%20file.tmLanguage:
+- source.dosbatch
+https://github.com/euler0/sublime-glsl/raw/master/GLSL.tmLanguage:
+- source.glsl
+https://github.com/fancy-lang/fancy-tmbundle:
+- source.fancy
+https://github.com/gingerbeardman/monkey.tmbundle:
+- source.monkey
+https://github.com/guillermooo/dart-sublime-bundle/raw/master/Dart.tmLanguage:
+- source.dart
+https://github.com/harrism/sublimetext-cuda-cpp/raw/master/cuda-c%2B%2B.tmLanguage:
+- source.cuda-c++
+https://github.com/hww3/pike-textmate:
+- source.pike
+https://github.com/jeancharles-roger/ceylon-sublimetext/raw/master/Ceylon.tmLanguage:
+- source.ceylon
+https://github.com/jfairbank/Sublime-Text-2-OpenEdge-ABL:
+- source.abl
+https://github.com/jhasse/sublime-rust:
+- source.rust
+https://github.com/johanasplund/sublime-befunge/raw/master/Befunge-93.tmLanguage:
+- source.befunge
+https://github.com/joshaven/RDoc.tmbundle:
+- text.rdoc
+https://github.com/jpcamara/Textmate-Gosu-Bundle/raw/master/Gosu.tmbundle/Syntaxes/Gosu.tmLanguage:
+- source.gosu.2
+https://github.com/kswedberg/jquery-tmbundle:
+- source.js.jquery
+https://github.com/laughedelic/sublime-idris/raw/master/Idris.tmLanguage:
+- source.idris
+https://github.com/lavrton/sublime-better-typescript:
+- source.ts
+https://github.com/leafo/moonscript-tmbundle:
+- source.moonscript
+https://github.com/lunixbochs/x86-assembly-textmate-bundle:
+- source.asm.x86
+https://github.com/macekond/Alloy.tmbundle:
+- source.alloy
+https://github.com/mads379/opa.tmbundle:
+- source.opa
+https://github.com/mads379/scala.tmbundle:
+- source.sbt
+- source.scala
+https://github.com/marconi/mako-tmbundle:
+- text.html.mako
+https://github.com/mattfoster/gnuplot-tmbundle:
+- source.gnuplot
+https://github.com/mgalloy/idl.tmbundle:
+- source.idl
+- source.idl-dlm
+- text.idl-idldoc
+https://github.com/michaeledgar/protobuf-tmbundle:
+- source.protobuf
+https://github.com/mkolosick/Sublime-Coq/raw/master/Coq.tmLanguage:
+- source.coq
+https://github.com/mokus0/Agda.tmbundle:
+- source.agda
+https://github.com/nanoant/Julia.tmbundle:
+- source.julia
+https://github.com/nanoant/assembly.tmbundle/raw/master/Syntaxes/objdump%20C%2B%2B.tmLanguage:
+- objdump.x86asm
+https://github.com/nilium/ooc.tmbundle:
+- source.ooc
+https://github.com/paulmillr/LiveScript.tmbundle:
+- source.livescript
+https://github.com/pferruggiaro/sublime-tea:
+- source.tea
+https://github.com/puppet-textmate-bundle/puppet-textmate-bundle:
+- source.puppet
+https://github.com/pvl/abap.tmbundle:
+- source.abap
+https://github.com/scalate/Scalate.tmbundle:
+- source.scaml
+- text.html.ssp
+https://github.com/shadanan/mathematica-tmbundle:
+- source.mathematica
+https://github.com/shellderp/sublime-robot-plugin:
+- text.robot
+https://github.com/simongregory/actionscript3-tmbundle:
+- source.actionscript.3
+- text.html.asdoc
+- text.xml.flex-config
+https://github.com/skozlovf/Sublime-QML:
+- source.qml
+https://github.com/slash-lang/Slash.tmbundle:
+- text.html.slash
+https://github.com/slavapestov/factor/raw/master/misc/Factor.tmbundle/Syntaxes/Factor.tmLanguage:
+- source.factor
+https://github.com/slim-template/ruby-slim.tmbundle:
+- text.slim
+https://github.com/smiledawgg/Bro.tmbundle:
+- source.bro
+- source.bro.sig
+https://github.com/staltz/SublimeXtend:
+- source.xtend
+https://github.com/statatmbundle/Stata.tmbundle:
+- source.mata
+- source.stata
+https://github.com/technosophos/Vala-TMBundle:
+- source.vala
+https://github.com/textmate/ant.tmbundle:
+- text.xml.ant
+https://github.com/textmate/antlr.tmbundle:
+- source.antlr
+https://github.com/textmate/apache.tmbundle:
+- source.apache-config
+- source.apache-config.mod_perl
+https://github.com/textmate/applescript.tmbundle:
+- source.applescript
+https://github.com/textmate/asp.tmbundle:
+- source.asp
+- text.html.asp
+https://github.com/textmate/bison.tmbundle:
+- source.bison
+https://github.com/textmate/c.tmbundle:
+- source.c
+- source.c++
+- source.c.platform
+https://github.com/textmate/capnproto.tmbundle:
+- source.capnp
+https://github.com/textmate/cmake.tmbundle:
+- source.cache.cmake
+- source.cmake
+https://github.com/textmate/cpp-qt.tmbundle:
+- source.c++.qt
+- source.qmake
+https://github.com/textmate/css.tmbundle:
+- source.css
+https://github.com/textmate/d.tmbundle:
+- source.d
+https://github.com/textmate/diff.tmbundle:
+- source.diff
+https://github.com/textmate/dylan.tmbundle:
+- source.dylan
+- source.lid
+- source.makegen
+https://github.com/textmate/eiffel.tmbundle:
+- source.eiffel
+https://github.com/textmate/erlang.tmbundle:
+- source.erlang
+- text.html.erlang.yaws
+https://github.com/textmate/fortran.tmbundle:
+- source.fortran
+- source.fortran.modern
+https://github.com/textmate/gettext.tmbundle:
+- source.po
+https://github.com/textmate/graphviz.tmbundle:
+- source.dot
+https://github.com/textmate/groovy.tmbundle:
+- source.groovy
+https://github.com/textmate/haskell.tmbundle:
+- source.haskell
+- text.tex.latex.haskell
+https://github.com/textmate/html.tmbundle:
+- text.html.basic
+https://github.com/textmate/ini.tmbundle:
+- source.ini
+https://github.com/textmate/io.tmbundle:
+- source.io
+https://github.com/textmate/java.tmbundle:
+- source.java
+- source.java-properties
+- text.html.jsp
+- text.junit-test-report
+https://github.com/textmate/javadoc.tmbundle:
+- text.html.javadoc
+https://github.com/textmate/javascript-objective-j.tmbundle:
+- source.js.objj
+https://github.com/textmate/json.tmbundle:
+- source.json
+https://github.com/textmate/latex.tmbundle:
+- text.bibtex
+- text.log.latex
+- text.tex
+- text.tex.latex
+- text.tex.latex.beamer
+- text.tex.latex.memoir
+https://github.com/textmate/less.tmbundle:
+- source.css.less
+https://github.com/textmate/lilypond.tmbundle:
+- source.lilypond
+https://github.com/textmate/lisp.tmbundle:
+- source.lisp
+https://github.com/textmate/logtalk.tmbundle:
+- source.logtalk
+https://github.com/textmate/lua.tmbundle:
+- source.lua
+https://github.com/textmate/make.tmbundle:
+- source.makefile
+https://github.com/textmate/markdown.tmbundle:
+- text.html.markdown
+https://github.com/textmate/matlab.tmbundle:
+- source.matlab
+- source.octave
+https://github.com/textmate/maven.tmbundle:
+- text.xml.pom
+https://github.com/textmate/nemerle.tmbundle:
+- source.nemerle
+https://github.com/textmate/ninja.tmbundle:
+- source.ninja
+https://github.com/textmate/objective-c.tmbundle:
+- source.objc
+- source.objc++
+- source.objc.platform
+- source.strings
+https://github.com/textmate/ocaml.tmbundle:
+- source.camlp4.ocaml
+- source.ocaml
+- source.ocamllex
+- source.ocamlyacc
+https://github.com/textmate/pascal.tmbundle:
+- source.pascal
+https://github.com/textmate/perl.tmbundle:
+- source.perl
+https://github.com/textmate/php-smarty.tmbundle:
+- source.smarty
+https://github.com/textmate/php.tmbundle:
+- text.html.php
+https://github.com/textmate/postscript.tmbundle:
+- source.postscript
+https://github.com/textmate/processing.tmbundle:
+- source.processing
+https://github.com/textmate/prolog.tmbundle:
+- source.prolog
+https://github.com/textmate/python-django.tmbundle:
+- source.python.django
+- text.html.django
+https://github.com/textmate/r.tmbundle:
+- source.r
+- text.tex.latex.rd
+https://github.com/textmate/restructuredtext.tmbundle:
+- text.restructuredtext
+https://github.com/textmate/ruby-haml.tmbundle:
+- text.haml
+https://github.com/textmate/ruby-on-rails-tmbundle:
+- source.js.erb.rails
+- source.ruby.rails
+- source.ruby.rails.rjs
+- source.sql.ruby
+- text.html.erb.rails
+https://github.com/textmate/scheme.tmbundle:
+- source.scheme
+https://github.com/textmate/scilab.tmbundle:
+- source.scilab
+https://github.com/textmate/sql.tmbundle:
+- source.sql
+https://github.com/textmate/standard-ml.tmbundle:
+- source.cm
+- source.ml
+https://github.com/textmate/swift.tmbundle:
+- source.swift
+https://github.com/textmate/tcl.tmbundle:
+- source.tcl
+- text.html.tcl
+https://github.com/textmate/text.tmbundle:
+- text.plain
+https://github.com/textmate/textile.tmbundle:
+- text.html.textile
+https://github.com/textmate/textmate.tmbundle:
+- source.regexp.oniguruma
+- source.tm-properties
+https://github.com/textmate/thrift.tmbundle:
+- source.thrift
+https://github.com/textmate/toml.tmbundle:
+- source.toml
+https://github.com/textmate/verilog.tmbundle:
+- source.verilog
+https://github.com/textmate/xml.tmbundle:
+- text.xml
+- text.xml.xsl
+https://github.com/textmate/yaml.tmbundle:
+- source.yaml
+https://github.com/tomas-stefano/smalltalk-tmbundle:
+- source.smalltalk
+https://github.com/vic/ioke-outdated/raw/master/share/TextMate/Ioke.tmbundle/Syntaxes/Ioke.tmLanguage:
+- source.ioke
+https://github.com/vkostyukov/kotlin-sublime-package:
+- source.Kotlin
+https://github.com/vmg/zephir-sublime:
+- source.php.zephir
+https://github.com/whitequark/llvm.tmbundle:
+- source.llvm

lib/linguist/blob_helper.rb

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ require 'linguist/generated'
 require 'charlock_holmes'
 require 'escape_utils'
 require 'mime/types'
-require 'pygments'
 require 'yaml'
 
 module Linguist
@@ -147,6 +146,13 @@ module Linguist
       end
     end
 
+    # Public: Is the blob empty?
+    #
+    # Return true or false
+    def empty?
+      data.nil? || data == ""
+    end
+
     # Public: Is the blob text?
     #
     # Return true or false
@@ -193,10 +199,6 @@ module Linguist
 
     # Public: Is the blob safe to colorize?
     #
-    # We use Pygments for syntax highlighting blobs. Pygments
-    # can be too slow for very large blobs or for certain
-    # corner-case blobs.
-    #
     # Return true or false
     def safe_to_colorize?
       !large? && text? && !high_ratio_of_long_lines?
@@ -204,9 +206,6 @@ module Linguist
 
     # Internal: Does the blob have a ratio of long lines?
     #
-    # These types of files are usually going to make Pygments.rb
-    # angry if we try to colorize them.
-    #
     # Return true or false
     def high_ratio_of_long_lines?
       return false if loc == 0
@@ -314,23 +313,9 @@ module Linguist
       @language ||= Language.detect(self)
     end
 
-    # Internal: Get the lexer of the blob.
-    #
-    # Returns a Lexer.
-    def lexer
-      language ? language.lexer : Pygments::Lexer.find_by_name('Text only')
-    end
-
-    # Public: Highlight syntax of blob
-    #
-    # options - A Hash of options (defaults to {})
-    #
-    # Returns html String
-    def colorize(options = {})
-      return unless safe_to_colorize?
-      options[:options] ||= {}
-      options[:options][:encoding] ||= encoding
-      lexer.highlight(data, options)
+    # Internal: Get the TextMate compatible scope for the blob
+    def tm_scope
+      language && language.tm_scope
     end
   end
 end

lib/linguist/generated.rb

@@ -51,25 +51,25 @@ module Linguist
     #
     # Return true or false
     def generated?
-      name == 'Gemfile.lock' ||
-        minified_files? ||
-        compiled_coffeescript? ||
-        xcode_file? ||
-        generated_parser? ||
-        generated_net_docfile? ||
-        generated_net_designer_file? ||
-        generated_postscript? ||
-        generated_protocol_buffer? ||
-        generated_jni_header? ||
-        composer_lock? ||
-        node_modules? ||
-        vcr_cassette? ||
-        generated_by_zephir?
+      minified_files? ||
+      compiled_coffeescript? ||
+      xcode_file? ||
+      generated_parser? ||
+      generated_net_docfile? ||
+      generated_net_designer_file? ||
+      generated_postscript? ||
+      generated_protocol_buffer? ||
+      generated_jni_header? ||
+      composer_lock? ||
+      node_modules? ||
+      godeps? ||
+      vcr_cassette? ||
+      generated_by_zephir?
     end
 
     # Internal: Is the blob an Xcode file?
     #
-    # Generated if the file extension is an Xcode 
+    # Generated if the file extension is an Xcode
     # file extension.
     #
     # Returns true of false.
@@ -231,6 +231,14 @@ module Linguist
       !!name.match(/node_modules\//)
     end
 
+    # Internal: Is the blob part of Godeps/,
+    # which are not meant for humans in pull requests.
+    #
+    # Returns true or false.
+    def godeps?
+      !!name.match(/Godeps\//)
+    end
+
     # Internal: Is the blob a generated php composer lock file?
     #
     # Returns true or false.
@@ -256,4 +264,3 @@ module Linguist
     end
   end
 end
-

lib/linguist/grammars.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# Note: This file is included in the github-linguist-grammars gem, not the
+# github-linguist gem.
+
+module Linguist
+  module Grammars
+    # Get the path to the directory containing the language grammar JSON files.
+    #
+    # Returns a String.
+    def self.path
+      File.expand_path("../../../grammars", __FILE__)
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/linguist/heuristics.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 module Linguist
   # A collection of simple heuristics that can be used to better analyze languages.
   class Heuristics
-    ACTIVE = false
+    ACTIVE = true
 
     # Public: Given an array of String language names,
     # apply heuristics against the given data and return an array
@@ -13,53 +13,81 @@ module Linguist
     # Returns an array of Languages or []
     def self.find_by_heuristics(data, languages)
       if active?
-        if languages.all? { |l| ["Objective-C", "C++"].include?(l) }
-          disambiguate_c(data, languages)
-        end
+        result = []
+
         if languages.all? { |l| ["Perl", "Prolog"].include?(l) }
-          disambiguate_pl(data, languages)
+          result = disambiguate_pl(data)
         end
         if languages.all? { |l| ["ECL", "Prolog"].include?(l) }
-          disambiguate_ecl(data, languages)
+          result = disambiguate_ecl(data)
         end
-        if languages.all? { |l| ["TypeScript", "XML"].include?(l) }
-          disambiguate_ts(data, languages)
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["IDL", "Prolog"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_pro(data)
         end
         if languages.all? { |l| ["Common Lisp", "OpenCL"].include?(l) }
-          disambiguate_cl(data, languages)
+          result = disambiguate_cl(data)
         end
-        if languages.all? { |l| ["Rebol", "R"].include?(l) }
-          disambiguate_r(data, languages)
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["Hack", "PHP"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_hack(data)
         end
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["Scala", "SuperCollider"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_sc(data)
+        end
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["AsciiDoc", "AGS Script"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_asc(data)
+        end
+        if languages.all? { |l| ["FORTRAN", "Forth"].include?(l) }
+          result = disambiguate_f(data)
+        end
+        return result
       end
     end
 
-    # .h extensions are ambigious between C, C++, and Objective-C.
+    # .h extensions are ambiguous between C, C++, and Objective-C.
     # We want to shortcut look for Objective-C _and_ now C++ too!
     #
     # Returns an array of Languages or []
-    def self.disambiguate_c(data, languages)
+    def self.disambiguate_c(data)
       matches = []
-      matches << Language["Objective-C"] if data.include?("@interface")
-      matches << Language["C++"] if data.include?("#include <cstdint>")
+      if data.include?("@interface")
+        matches << Language["Objective-C"]
+      elsif data.include?("#include <cstdint>")
+        matches << Language["C++"]
+      end
       matches
     end
 
-    def self.disambiguate_pl(data, languages)
+    def self.disambiguate_pl(data)
       matches = []
-      matches << Language["Prolog"] if data.include?(":-")
-      matches << Language["Perl"] if data.include?("use strict")
+      if data.include?("use strict")
+        matches << Language["Perl"]
+      elsif data.include?(":-")
+        matches << Language["Prolog"]
+      end
       matches
     end
 
-    def self.disambiguate_ecl(data, languages)
+    def self.disambiguate_ecl(data)
       matches = []
-      matches << Language["Prolog"] if data.include?(":-")
-      matches << Language["ECL"] if data.include?(":=")
+      if data.include?(":-")
+        matches << Language["Prolog"]
+      elsif data.include?(":=")
+        matches << Language["ECL"]
+      end
       matches
     end
 
-    def self.disambiguate_ts(data, languages)
+    def self.disambiguate_pro(data)
+      matches = []
+      if (data.include?(":-"))
+        matches << Language["Prolog"]
+      else
+        matches << Language["IDL"]
+      end
+      matches
+    end
+
+    def self.disambiguate_ts(data)
       matches = []
       if (data.include?("</translation>"))
         matches << Language["XML"]
@@ -69,20 +97,60 @@ module Linguist
       matches
     end
 
-    def self.disambiguate_cl(data, languages)
+    def self.disambiguate_cl(data)
       matches = []
-      matches << Language["Common Lisp"] if data.include?("(defun ")
-      matches << Language["OpenCL"] if /\/\* |\/\/ |^\}/.match(data)
+      if data.include?("(defun ")
+        matches << Language["Common Lisp"]
+      elsif /\/\* |\/\/ |^\}/.match(data)
+        matches << Language["OpenCL"]
+      end
       matches
     end
 
-    def self.disambiguate_r(data, languages)
+    def self.disambiguate_r(data)
       matches = []
       matches << Language["Rebol"] if /\bRebol\b/i.match(data)
       matches << Language["R"] if data.include?("<-")
       matches
     end
 
+    def self.disambiguate_hack(data)
+      matches = []
+      if data.include?("<?hh")
+        matches << Language["Hack"]
+      elsif /<?[^h]/.match(data)
+        matches << Language["PHP"]
+      end
+      matches
+    end
+
+    def self.disambiguate_sc(data)
+      matches = []
+      if (/\^(this|super)\./.match(data) || /^\s*(\+|\*)\s*\w+\s*{/.match(data) || /^\s*~\w+\s*=\./.match(data))
+        matches << Language["SuperCollider"]
+      end
+      if (/^\s*import (scala|java)\./.match(data) || /^\s*val\s+\w+\s*=/.match(data) || /^\s*class\b/.match(data))
+        matches << Language["Scala"]
+      end
+      matches
+    end
+
+    def self.disambiguate_asc(data)
+      matches = []
+      matches << Language["AsciiDoc"] if /^=+(\s|\n)/.match(data)
+      matches
+    end
+
+    def self.disambiguate_f(data)
+      matches = []
+      if /^: /.match(data)
+        matches << Language["Forth"]
+      elsif /^([c*][^a-z]|      subroutine\s)/i.match(data)
+        matches << Language["FORTRAN"]
+      end
+      matches
+    end
+
     def self.active?
       !!ACTIVE
     end

lib/linguist/language.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 require 'escape_utils'
-require 'pygments'
 require 'yaml'
 begin
-  require 'json'
+  require 'yajl'
 rescue LoadError
 end
 
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ module Linguist
       end
 
       # Language name index
-      @index[language.name] = @name_index[language.name] = language
+      @index[language.name.downcase] = @name_index[language.name.downcase] = language
 
       language.aliases.each do |name|
         # All Language aliases should be unique. Raise if there is a duplicate.
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ module Linguist
           raise ArgumentError, "Duplicate alias: #{name}"
         end
 
-        @index[name] = @alias_index[name] = language
+        @index[name.downcase] = @alias_index[name.downcase] = language
       end
 
       language.extensions.each do |extension|
@@ -101,12 +100,8 @@ module Linguist
     def self.detect(blob)
       name = blob.name.to_s
 
-      # Check if the blob is possibly binary and bail early; this is a cheap
-      # test that uses the extension name to guess a binary binary mime type.
-      #
-      # We'll perform a more comprehensive test later which actually involves
-      # looking for binary characters in the blob
-      return nil if blob.likely_binary? || blob.binary?
+      # Bail early if the blob is binary or empty.
+      return nil if blob.likely_binary? || blob.binary? || blob.empty?
 
       # A bit of an elegant hack. If the file is executable but extensionless,
       # append a "magic" extension so it can be classified with other
@@ -125,18 +120,20 @@ module Linguist
       if possible_languages.length > 1
         data = blob.data
         possible_language_names = possible_languages.map(&:name)
+        heuristic_languages = Heuristics.find_by_heuristics(data, possible_language_names)
+
+        if heuristic_languages.size > 1
+          possible_language_names = heuristic_languages.map(&:name)
+        end
 
-        # Don't bother with binary contents or an empty file
-        if data.nil? || data == ""
-          nil
         # Check if there's a shebang line and use that as authoritative
-        elsif (result = find_by_shebang(data)) && !result.empty?
+        if (result = find_by_shebang(data)) && !result.empty?
           result.first
         # No shebang. Still more work to do. Try to find it with our heuristics.
-        elsif (determined = Heuristics.find_by_heuristics(data, possible_language_names)) && !determined.empty?
-          determined.first
-        # Lastly, fall back to the probablistic classifier.
-        elsif classified = Classifier.classify(Samples::DATA, data, possible_language_names ).first
+        elsif heuristic_languages.size == 1
+          heuristic_languages.first
+        # Lastly, fall back to the probabilistic classifier.
+        elsif classified = Classifier.classify(Samples.cache, data, possible_language_names).first
           # Return the actual Language object based of the string language name (i.e., first element of `#classify`)
           Language[classified[0]]
         end
@@ -164,7 +161,7 @@ module Linguist
     #
     # Returns the Language or nil if none was found.
     def self.find_by_name(name)
-      @name_index[name]
+      name && @name_index[name.downcase]
     end
 
     # Public: Look up Language by one of its aliases.
@@ -178,7 +175,7 @@ module Linguist
     #
     # Returns the Lexer or nil if none was found.
     def self.find_by_alias(name)
-      @alias_index[name]
+      name && @alias_index[name.downcase]
     end
 
     # Public: Look up Languages by filename.
@@ -194,9 +191,25 @@ module Linguist
     def self.find_by_filename(filename)
       basename = File.basename(filename)
       extname = FileBlob.new(filename).extension
-      langs = @filename_index[basename] +
-              @extension_index[extname]
-      langs.compact.uniq
+      (@filename_index[basename] + find_by_extension(extname)).compact.uniq
+    end
+
+    # Public: Look up Languages by file extension.
+    #
+    # extname - The extension String.
+    #
+    # Examples
+    #
+    #   Language.find_by_extension('.rb')
+    #   # => [#<Language name="Ruby">]
+    #
+    #   Language.find_by_extension('rb')
+    #   # => [#<Language name="Ruby">]
+    #
+    # Returns all matching Languages or [] if none were found.
+    def self.find_by_extension(extname)
+      extname = ".#{extname}" unless extname.start_with?(".")
+      @extension_index[extname]
     end
 
     # Public: Look up Languages by shebang line.
@@ -227,7 +240,7 @@ module Linguist
     #
     # Returns the Language or nil if none was found.
     def self.[](name)
-      @index[name]
+      name && @index[name.downcase]
     end
 
     # Public: A List of popular languages
@@ -286,9 +299,16 @@ module Linguist
       # Set aliases
       @aliases = [default_alias_name] + (attributes[:aliases] || [])
 
-      # Lookup Lexer object
-      @lexer = Pygments::Lexer.find_by_name(attributes[:lexer] || name) ||
-        raise(ArgumentError, "#{@name} is missing lexer")
+      # Load the TextMate scope name or try to guess one
+      @tm_scope = attributes[:tm_scope] || begin
+        context = case @type
+                  when :data, :markup, :prose
+                    'text'
+                  when :programming, nil
+                    'source'
+                  end
+        "#{context}.#{@name.downcase}"
+      end
 
       @ace_mode = attributes[:ace_mode]
       @wrap = attributes[:wrap] || false
@@ -363,6 +383,11 @@ module Linguist
     # Returns the Lexer
     attr_reader :lexer
 
+    # Public: Get the name of a TextMate-compatible scope
+    #
+    # Returns the scope
+    attr_reader :tm_scope
+
     # Public: Get Ace mode
     #
     # Examples
@@ -406,11 +431,6 @@ module Linguist
     # Returns the extensions Array
     attr_reader :filenames
 
-    # Public: Return all possible extensions for language
-    def all_extensions
-      (extensions + [primary_extension]).uniq
-    end
-
     # Deprecated: Get primary extension
     #
     # Defaults to the first extension but can be overridden
@@ -510,16 +530,16 @@ module Linguist
     end
   end
 
-  extensions = Samples::DATA['extnames']
-  interpreters = Samples::DATA['interpreters']
-  filenames = Samples::DATA['filenames']
+  extensions = Samples.cache['extnames']
+  interpreters = Samples.cache['interpreters']
+  filenames = Samples.cache['filenames']
   popular = YAML.load_file(File.expand_path("../popular.yml", __FILE__))
 
   languages_yml = File.expand_path("../languages.yml", __FILE__)
   languages_json = File.expand_path("../languages.json", __FILE__)
 
-  if File.exist?(languages_json) && defined?(JSON)
-    languages = JSON.load(File.read(languages_json))
+  if File.exist?(languages_json) && defined?(Yajl)
+    languages = Yajl.load(File.read(languages_json))
   else
     languages = YAML.load_file(languages_yml)
   end
@@ -564,12 +584,13 @@ module Linguist
       :type              => options['type'],
       :aliases           => options['aliases'],
       :lexer             => options['lexer'],
+      :tm_scope          => options['tm_scope'],
       :ace_mode          => options['ace_mode'],
       :wrap              => options['wrap'],
       :group_name        => options['group'],
-      :searchable        => options.key?('searchable') ? options['searchable'] : true,
+      :searchable        => options.fetch('searchable', true),
       :search_term       => options['search_term'],
-      :extensions        => [options['extensions'].first] + options['extensions'][1..-1].sort,
+      :extensions        => Array(options['extensions']),
       :interpreters      => options['interpreters'].sort,
       :filenames         => options['filenames'],
       :popular           => popular.include?(name)

lib/linguist/lazy_blob.rb

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 require 'linguist/blob_helper'
+require 'linguist/language'
 require 'rugged'
 
 module Linguist
   class LazyBlob
+    GIT_ATTR = ['linguist-language', 'linguist-vendored']
+    GIT_ATTR_OPTS = { :priority => [:index], :skip_system => true }
+    GIT_ATTR_FLAGS = Rugged::Repository::Attributes.parse_opts(GIT_ATTR_OPTS)
+
     include BlobHelper
 
     MAX_SIZE = 128 * 1024
@@ -19,6 +24,29 @@ module Linguist
       @mode = mode
     end
 
+    def git_attributes
+      @git_attributes ||= repository.fetch_attributes(
+        name, GIT_ATTR, GIT_ATTR_FLAGS)
+    end
+
+    def vendored?
+      if attr = git_attributes['linguist-vendored']
+        return boolean_attribute(attr)
+      else
+        return super
+      end
+    end
+
+    def language
+      return @language if defined?(@language)
+
+      @language = if lang = git_attributes['linguist-language']
+        Language.find_by_name(lang)
+      else
+        super
+      end
+    end
+
     def data
       load_blob!
       @data
@@ -30,6 +58,12 @@ module Linguist
     end
 
     protected
+
+    # Returns true if the attribute is present and not the string "false".
+    def boolean_attribute(attr)
+      attr != "false"
+    end
+
     def load_blob!
       @data, @size = Rugged::Blob.to_buffer(repository, oid, MAX_SIZE) if @data.nil?
     end

lib/linguist/repository.rb

@@ -110,18 +110,37 @@ module Linguist
         if @old_commit_oid == @commit_oid
           @old_stats
         else
-          compute_stats(@old_commit_oid, @commit_oid, @old_stats)
+          compute_stats(@old_commit_oid, @old_stats)
         end
       end
     end
 
-    protected
-    def compute_stats(old_commit_oid, commit_oid, cache = nil)
-      file_map = cache ? cache.dup : {}
-      old_tree = old_commit_oid && Rugged::Commit.lookup(repository, old_commit_oid).tree
-      new_tree = Rugged::Commit.lookup(repository, commit_oid).tree
+    def read_index
+      attr_index = Rugged::Index.new
+      attr_index.read_tree(current_tree)
+      repository.index = attr_index
+    end
 
-      diff = Rugged::Tree.diff(repository, old_tree, new_tree)
+    def current_tree
+      @tree ||= Rugged::Commit.lookup(repository, @commit_oid).tree
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+    def compute_stats(old_commit_oid, cache = nil)
+      old_tree = old_commit_oid && Rugged::Commit.lookup(repository, old_commit_oid).tree
+
+      read_index
+
+      diff = Rugged::Tree.diff(repository, old_tree, current_tree)
+
+      # Clear file map and fetch full diff if any .gitattributes files are changed
+      if cache && diff.each_delta.any? { |delta| File.basename(delta.new_file[:path]) == ".gitattributes" }
+        diff = Rugged::Tree.diff(repository, old_tree = nil, current_tree)
+        file_map = {}
+      else
+        file_map = cache ? cache.dup : {}
+      end
 
       diff.each_delta do |delta|
         old = delta.old_file[:path]

lib/linguist/samples.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 begin
-  require 'json'
+  require 'yajl'
 rescue LoadError
   require 'yaml'
 end
@@ -17,9 +17,11 @@ module Linguist
     PATH = File.expand_path('../samples.json', __FILE__)
 
     # Hash of serialized samples object
-    if File.exist?(PATH)
-      serializer = defined?(JSON) ? JSON : YAML
-      DATA = serializer.load(File.read(PATH))
+    def self.cache
+      @cache ||= begin
+        serializer = defined?(Yajl) ? Yajl : YAML
+        serializer.load(File.read(PATH))
+      end
     end
 
     # Public: Iterate over each sample.

lib/linguist/vendor.yml

@@ -33,15 +33,19 @@
 # Erlang bundles
 - ^rebar$
 
-# Bootstrap minified css and js
-- (^|/)bootstrap([^.]*)(\.min)?\.(js|css)$
+# Go dependencies
+- Godeps/_workspace/
+
+# Minified JavaScript and CSS
+- (\.|-)min\.(js|css)$
+
+# Bootstrap css and js
+- (^|/)bootstrap([^.]*)\.(js|css)$
 
 # Font Awesome
-- font-awesome.min.css
 - font-awesome.css
 
 # Foundation css
-- foundation.min.css
 - foundation.css
 
 # Normalize.css
@@ -53,7 +57,6 @@
 
 # Animate.css
 - animate.css
-- animate.min.css
 
 # Vendored dependencies
 - third[-_]?party/
@@ -70,12 +73,12 @@
 ## Commonly Bundled JavaScript frameworks ##
 
 # jQuery
-- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
-- (^|/)jquery\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?\.js$
 
 # jQuery UI
-- (^|/)jquery\-ui(\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?)?(\.\w+)?(\.min)?\.(js|css)$
-- (^|/)jquery\.(ui|effects)\.([^.]*)(\.min)?\.(js|css)$
+- (^|/)jquery\-ui(\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?)?(\.\w+)?\.(js|css)$
+- (^|/)jquery\.(ui|effects)\.([^.]*)\.(js|css)$
 
 # Prototype
 - (^|/)prototype(.*)\.js$
@@ -107,27 +110,29 @@
 # MathJax
 - (^|/)MathJax/
 
+# Codemirror
+- (^|/)[Cc]ode[Mm]irror/(lib|mode|theme|addon|keymap)
+
 # SyntaxHighlighter - http://alexgorbatchev.com/
 - (^|/)shBrush([^.]*)\.js$
 - (^|/)shCore\.js$
 - (^|/)shLegacy\.js$
 
 # AngularJS
-- (^|/)angular([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)angular([^.]*)\.js$
 
 # D3.js
-- (^|\/)d3(\.v\d+)?([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|\/)d3(\.v\d+)?([^.]*)\.js$
 
 # React
-- (^|/)react(-[^.]*)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)react(-[^.]*)?\.js$
 
 # Modernizr
-- (^|/)modernizr\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)modernizr\-\d\.\d+(\.\d+)?\.js$
 - (^|/)modernizr\.custom\.\d+\.js$
 
 # Knockout
 - (^|/)knockout-(\d+\.){3}(debug\.)?js$
-- knockout-min.js
 
 ## Python ##
 
@@ -165,8 +170,8 @@
 - \.intellisense\.js$
 
 # jQuery validation plugin (MS bundles this with asp.net mvc)
-- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.validate(\.unobtrusive)?(\.min)?\.js$
-- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.unobtrusive\-ajax(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.validate(\.unobtrusive)?\.js$
+- (^|/)jquery([^.]*)\.unobtrusive\-ajax\.js$
 
 # Microsoft Ajax
 - (^|/)[Mm]icrosoft([Mm]vc)?([Aa]jax|[Vv]alidation)(\.debug)?\.js$
@@ -193,7 +198,7 @@
 - (^|/)extjs/welcome/
 
 # Html5shiv
-- (^|/)html5shiv(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)html5shiv\.js$
 
 # Samples folders
 - ^[Ss]amples/
@@ -212,8 +217,8 @@
 - ^[Tt]est/fixtures/
 
 # PhoneGap/Cordova
-- (^|/)cordova([^.]*)(\.min)?\.js$
-- (^|/)cordova\-\d\.\d(\.\d)?(\.min)?\.js$
+- (^|/)cordova([^.]*)\.js$
+- (^|/)cordova\-\d\.\d(\.\d)?\.js$
 
 # Foundation js
 - foundation(\..*)?\.js$
@@ -233,5 +238,12 @@
 
 # Octicons
 - octicons.css
-- octicons.min.css
 - sprockets-octicons.scss
+
+# Typesafe Activator
+- (^|/)activator$
+- (^|/)activator\.bat$
+
+# ProGuard
+- proguard.pro
+- proguard-rules.pro

lib/linguist/version.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 module Linguist
-  VERSION = "3.1.2"
+  VERSION = "4.0.2"
 end

package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "repository": "https://github.com/github/linguist",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "season": "~>3.0"
+  }
+}

samples/APL/UT.dyalog

@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+:NameSpace UT
+
+    sac ← 0
+    expect_orig ← expect ← ⎕NS⍬
+    exception ← ⍬
+    nexpect_orig ← nexpect ← ⎕NS⍬
+
+    ∇ {Z}←{Conf}run Argument;PRE_test;POST_test;TEST_step;COVER_step;FromSpace
+     
+      load_display_if_not_already_loaded
+      load_salt_scripts_into_current_namespace_if_configured
+     
+      FromSpace←1⊃⎕RSI
+     
+      PRE_test←{}
+      POST_test←{}
+      COVER_step←{}
+      :If 0≠⎕NC'Conf'
+          :If Conf has'cover_target'
+              PRE_test←{{}⎕PROFILE'start'}
+              POST_test←{{}⎕PROFILE'stop'}
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+     
+      :If is_function Argument
+          TEST_step←single_function_test_function
+          COVER_file←Argument,'_coverage.html'
+     
+      :ElseIf is_list_of_functions Argument
+          TEST_step←list_of_functions_test_function
+          COVER_file←'list_coverage.html'
+     
+      :ElseIf is_file Argument
+          TEST_step←file_test_function
+          COVER_file←(get_file_name Argument),'_coverage.html'
+     
+      :ElseIf is_dir Argument
+          test_files←test_files_in_dir Argument
+          TEST_step←test_dir_function
+          Argument←test_files
+      :EndIf
+     
+      :If 0≠⎕NC'Conf'
+          :If Conf has'cover_target'
+              COVER_step←{Conf,←⊂('cover_file'COVER_file)
+                  generate_coverage_page Conf}
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+     
+      PRE_test ⍬
+      Z←FromSpace TEST_step Argument
+      POST_test ⍬
+      COVER_step ⍬
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ load_display_if_not_already_loaded
+      :If 0=⎕NC'#.DISPLAY'
+          'DISPLAY'#.⎕CY'display'
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ load_salt_scripts_into_current_namespace_if_configured
+      :If 0≠⎕NC'#.UT.appdir'
+          :If ⍬≢#.UT.appdir
+              ⎕SE.SALT.Load #.UT.appdir,'src/*.dyalog -target=#'
+              ⎕SE.SALT.Load #.UT.appdir,'test/*.dyalog -target=#'
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace single_function_test_function TestName
+      Z←run_ut FromSpace TestName
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace list_of_functions_test_function ListOfNames;t
+      t←⎕TS
+      Z←run_ut¨{FromSpace ⍵}¨ListOfNames
+      t←⎕TS-t
+      ('Test execution report')print_passed_crashed_failed Z t
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace file_test_function FilePath;FileNS;Functions;TestFunctions;t
+      FileNS←⎕SE.SALT.Load FilePath,' -target=#'
+      Functions←↓FileNS.⎕NL 3
+      TestFunctions←(is_test¨Functions)/Functions
+      :If (0/⍬,⊂0/'')≡TestFunctions
+          ⎕←'No test functions found'
+          Z←⍬
+      :Else
+          t←⎕TS
+          Z←run_ut¨{FileNS ⍵}¨TestFunctions
+          t←⎕TS-t
+          (FilePath,' tests')print_passed_crashed_failed Z t
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←FromSpace test_dir_function Test_files
+      :If Test_files≡⍬/⍬,⊂''
+          ⎕←'No test files found'
+          Z←⍬
+      :Else
+          Z←#.UT.run¨Test_files
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←get_file_name Argument;separator
+      separator←⊃⌽(Argument∊'/\')/⍳⍴Argument
+      Z←¯7↓separator↓Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ generate_coverage_page Conf;ProfileData;CoverResults;HTML
+      ProfileData←⎕PROFILE'data'
+      ToCover←retrieve_coverables¨(⊃'cover_target'in Conf)
+      :If (⍴ToCover)≡(⍴⊂1)
+          ToCover←⊃ToCover
+      :EndIf
+      Representations←get_representation¨ToCover
+      CoverResults←ProfileData∘generate_cover_result¨↓ToCover,[1.5]Representations
+      HTML←generate_html CoverResults
+      Conf write_html_to_page HTML
+      ⎕PROFILE'clear'
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←retrieve_coverables Something;nc;functions
+      nc←⎕NC Something
+      :If nc=3
+          Z←Something
+      :ElseIf nc=9
+          functions←strip¨↓⍎Something,'.⎕NL 3'
+          Z←{(Something,'.',⍵)}¨functions
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←strip input
+      Z←(input≠' ')/input
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←get_representation Function;nc;rep
+      nc←⎕NC⊂Function
+      :If nc=3.1
+          rep←↓⎕CR Function
+          rep[1]←⊂'∇',⊃rep[1]
+          rep,←⊂'∇'
+          rep←↑rep
+      :Else
+          rep←⎕CR Function
+      :EndIf
+      Z←rep
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←ProfileData generate_cover_result(name representation);Indices;lines;functionlines;covered_lines
+      Indices←({name≡⍵}¨ProfileData[;1])/⍳⍴ProfileData[;1]
+      lines←ProfileData[Indices;2]
+      nc←⎕NC⊂name
+      :If 3.1=nc
+          functionlines←¯2+⍴↓representation
+      :Else
+          functionlines←⊃⍴↓representation
+      :EndIf
+      covered_lines←(⍬∘≢¨lines)/lines
+      Z←(nc lines functionlines covered_lines representation)
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←generate_html CoverResults;Covered;Total;Percentage;CoverageText;ColorizedCode;Timestamp;Page
+      Covered←⊃⊃+/{⍴4⊃⍵}¨CoverResults
+      Total←⊃⊃+/{3⊃⍵}¨CoverResults
+      Percentage←100×Covered÷Total
+      CoverageText←'Coverage: ',Percentage,'% (',Covered,'/',Total,')'
+      ColorizedCode←⊃,/{colorize_code_by_coverage ⍵}¨CoverResults
+      Timestamp←generate_timestamp_text
+      Page←⍬
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<html>'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"/>'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<style>pre cov {line-height:80%;}'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'pre cov {color: green;}'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'pre uncov {line-height:80%;}'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'pre uncov {color:red;}</style>'
+      Page,←⊂⍬,CoverageText
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'<pre>'
+      Page,←ColorizedCode
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'</pre>'
+      Page,←Timestamp
+      Page,←⊂⍬,'</html>'
+      Z←Page
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←colorize_code_by_coverage CoverResult;Colors;Ends;Code
+      :If 3.1=⊃CoverResult
+          Colors←(2+3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'<uncov>'
+          Colors[1]←⊂''
+          Colors[⍴Colors]←⊂''
+          Ends←(2+3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'</uncov>'
+          Ends[1]←⊂''
+          Ends[⍴Ends]←⊂''
+      :Else
+          Colors←(3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'<uncov>'
+          Ends←(3⊃CoverResult)⍴⊂'</uncov>'
+      :EndIf
+      Colors[1+4⊃CoverResult]←⊂'<cov>'
+      Ends[1+4⊃CoverResult]←⊂'</cov>'
+      Code←↓5⊃CoverResult
+      Z←Colors,[1.5]Code
+      Z←{⍺,(⎕UCS 13),⍵}/Z,Ends
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←generate_timestamp_text;TS;YYMMDD;HHMMSS
+      TS←⎕TS
+      YYMMDD←⊃{⍺,'-',⍵}/3↑TS
+      HHMMSS←⊃{⍺,':',⍵}/3↑3↓TS
+      Z←'Page generated: ',YYMMDD,'|',HHMMSS
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Conf write_html_to_page Page;tie;filename
+      filename←(⊃'cover_out'in Conf),(⊃'cover_file'in Conf)
+      :Trap 22
+          tie←filename ⎕NTIE 0
+          filename ⎕NERASE tie
+          filename ⎕NCREATE tie
+      :Else
+          tie←filename ⎕NCREATE 0
+      :EndTrap
+      Simple_array←⍕⊃,/Page
+      (⎕UCS'UTF-8'⎕UCS Simple_array)⎕NAPPEND tie
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_function Argument
+      Z←'_TEST'≡¯5↑Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_list_of_functions Argument
+      Z←2=≡Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_file Argument
+      Z←'.dyalog'≡¯7↑Argument
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_dir Argument;attr
+      :If 'Linux'≡5↑⊃'.'⎕WG'APLVersion'
+          Z←'yes'≡⊃⎕CMD'test -d ',Argument,' && echo yes || echo no'
+      :Else
+          'gfa'⎕NA'I kernel32|GetFileAttributes* <0t'
+          :If Z←¯1≠attr←gfa⊂Argument ⍝ If file exists
+              Z←⊃2 16⊤attr           ⍝ Return bit 4
+          :EndIf
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+
+    ∇ Z←test_files_in_dir Argument
+      :If 'Linux'≡5↑⊃'.'⎕WG'APLVersion'
+          Z←⎕SH'find ',Argument,' -name \*_tests.dyalog'
+      :Else
+          #.⎕CY'files'
+          Z←#.Files.Dir Argument,'\*_tests.dyalog'
+          Z←(Argument,'\')∘,¨Z
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←run_ut ut_data;returned;crashed;pass;crash;fail;message
+      (returned crashed time)←execute_function ut_data
+      (pass crash fail)←determine_pass_crash_or_fail returned crashed
+      message←determine_message pass fail crashed(2⊃ut_data)returned time
+      print_message_to_screen message
+      Z←(pass crash fail)
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←execute_function ut_data;function;t
+      reset_UT_globals
+      function←(⍕(⊃ut_data[1])),'.',⊃ut_data[2]
+      :Trap sac
+          :If 3.2≡⎕NC⊂function
+              t←⎕TS
+              Z←(⍎function,' ⍬')0
+              t←⎕TS-t
+          :Else
+              t←⎕TS
+              Z←(⍎function)0
+              t←⎕TS-t
+          :EndIf
+     
+      :Else
+          Z←(↑⎕DM)1
+          :If exception≢⍬
+              expect←exception
+              Z[2]←0
+              t←⎕TS-t
+          :EndIf
+      :EndTrap
+      Z,←⊂t
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ reset_UT_globals
+      expect_orig ← expect← ⎕NS⍬
+      exception←⍬
+      nexpect_orig ← nexpect← ⎕NS⍬
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←is_test FunctionName;wsIndex
+      wsIndex←FunctionName⍳' '
+      FunctionName←(wsIndex-1)↑FunctionName
+      Z←'_TEST'≡¯5↑FunctionName
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Heading print_passed_crashed_failed(ArrayRes time)
+      ⎕←'-----------------------------------------'
+      ⎕←Heading
+      ⎕←'    ⍋  Passed: ',+/{1⊃⍵}¨ArrayRes
+      ⎕←'    ⍟ Crashed: ',+/{2⊃⍵}¨ArrayRes
+      ⎕←'    ⍒  Failed: ',+/{3⊃⍵}¨ArrayRes
+      ⎕←'    ○ Runtime: ',time[5],'m',time[6],'s',time[7],'ms'
+    ∇
+    
+    determine_pass_crash_or_fail←{
+      r c←⍵ ⋄ 0≠c:0 1 0 ⋄ z←(0 0 1)(1 0 0)
+      expect_orig≢expect:(⎕IO+expect≡r)⊃z ⋄ (⎕IO+nexpect≢r)⊃z
+    }
+
+    ∇ Z←determine_message(pass fail crashed name returned time)
+      :If crashed
+          Z←'CRASHED: 'failure_message name returned
+      :ElseIf pass
+          Z←'Passed ',time[5],'m',time[6],'s',time[7],'ms'
+      :Else
+          Z←'FAILED: 'failure_message name returned
+      :EndIf
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ print_message_to_screen message
+      ⎕←message
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←term_to_text Term;Text;Rows
+      Text←#.DISPLAY Term
+      Rows←1⊃⍴Text
+      Z←(Rows 4⍴''),Text
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←Cause failure_message(name returned);hdr;exp;expterm;got;gotterm
+      hdr←Cause,name
+      exp←'Expected'
+      expterm←term_to_text #.UT.expect
+      got←'Got'
+      gotterm←term_to_text returned
+      Z←align_and_join_message_parts hdr exp expterm got gotterm
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←align_and_join_message_parts Parts;hdr;exp;expterm;got;gotterm;R1;C1;R2;C2;W
+      (hdr exp expterm got gotterm)←Parts
+      (R1 C1)←⍴expterm
+      (R2 C2)←⍴gotterm
+      W←⊃⊃⌈/C1 C2(⍴hdr)(⍴exp)(⍴got)
+      Z←(W↑hdr),[0.5](W↑exp)
+      Z←Z⍪(R1 W↑expterm)
+      Z←Z⍪(W↑got)
+      Z←Z⍪(R2 W↑gotterm)
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←confparam in config
+      Z←1↓⊃({confparam≡⊃⍵}¨config)/config
+    ∇
+
+    ∇ Z←config has confparam
+      Z←∨/{confparam≡⊃⍵}¨config
+    ∇
+
+:EndNameSpace

samples/Ant Build System/filenames/ant.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
+<project name="WebBuild">
+
+    <!-- generate timestamps -->
+    <tstamp />
+
+    <!-- Debugging Macro -->
+    <import file="echopath.xml" />
+
+    <!-- JS build files macro -->
+    <import file="rhinoscript.xml" />
+
+    <!-- Component Build Files -->
+    <import file="setup.xml" />
+    <import file="clean.xml" />
+    <import file="copy.xml" />
+    <import file="file.transform.xml" />
+    <import file="external.tools.xml" />
+    <import file="rename.xml" />
+    <import file="js.xml" />
+    <import file="css.xml" />
+    <import file="img.xml" />
+    <import file="png8.xml" />
+    <import file="yui.xml" />
+    <import file="cdn.xml" />
+    <import file="datauri.xml" />
+    <import file="devlive.xml" />
+
+    <!-- This dirname is the only complete path we know for sure, everything builds off of it -->
+    <dirname property="dir.build" file="${ant.file.WebBuild}" />
+
+    <!-- get name for newly built folder -->
+    <basename property="app.name"       file="${basedir}" />
+
+    <!-- read global properties file -->
+    <property file="${dir.build}\build.properties" />
+
+    <!-- Build Directories -->
+    <property name="dir.build.js"   location="${dir.build}/js" />
+
+    <!-- App Directories -->
+    <property name="dir.app"        location="${dir.result}/${app.name}" />
+    <property name="dir.app.temp"   location="${dir.temp}/${app.name}" />
+    <property name="dir.app.files"  location="${dir.app.temp}/${dir.files}" />
+
+    <!-- Files -->
+    <property name="mapping.js"     location="${dir.app.temp}/${mapping.file.js}" />
+    <property name="mapping.css"    location="${dir.app.temp}/${mapping.file.css}" />
+    <property name="mapping.img"    location="${dir.app.temp}/${mapping.file.img}" />
+    <property name="mapping.swf"    location="${dir.app.temp}/${mapping.file.swf}" />
+    <property name="mapping.fonts"  location="${dir.app.temp}/${mapping.file.fonts}" />
+
+    <!-- Tool Directories -->
+    <property name="dir.bin"    location="${dir.build}/Bin" />
+    <property name="dir.jar"    location="${dir.bin}/jar" />
+
+    <!-- Tool Files -->
+	<property name="tools.compressor"     location="${dir.jar}/${tools.file.compressor}" />
+	<property name="tools.cssembed"       location="${dir.jar}/${tools.file.cssembed}" />
+    <property name="tools.filetransform"  location="${dir.jar}/${tools.file.filetransform}" />
+    <property name="tools.optipng"        location="${dir.bin}/${tools.file.optipng}" />
+    <property name="tools.jpegtran"       location="${dir.bin}/${tools.file.jpegtran}" />
+
+
+    <!-- BUILD TARGETS -->
+
+    <!-- low level utility build targets -->
+
+    <!-- Build the tools -->
+    <target name="-setup.build.tools"
+            depends="-define.filetransform, -define.cssembed, -define.yuicompressor, -define.jsclasspath"
+    />
+
+    <!-- set up filesystem properties -->
+    <target
+        name="-setup"
+        depends="-setup.mode, -setup.conditions, -setup.js, -setup.css, -setup.swf, -setup.img, -setup.fonts, -setup.yui"
+    />
+
+    <!-- utility-ish targets -->
+    <target name="copy"         depends="clean, tools, -copy" />
+    <target name="tools"        depends="-setup.build.tools" />
+    <target name="finalize"     depends="copy, -finalize" />
+    <target name="-prepare"     depends="copy, -setup" />
+
+    <!-- individual component build targets (empty descriptions are to make sure they show in "ant -p") -->
+    <target name="devlive"      depends="-prepare, -devlive"            description="" />
+    <target name="js"           depends="-prepare, -js"                 description="" />
+    <target name="css"          depends="-prepare, -css"                description="" />
+    <target name="rename"       depends="-prepare, -rename"             description="" />
+    <target name="yui"          depends="-prepare, rename, -yui"        description="" />
+    <target name="cdn"          depends="-prepare, -cdn"                description="" />
+
+    <!-- high level build targets (Excluding of images is on purpose here, it's slow) -->
+    <target name="core"
+            depends="devlive, js, css, cdn, rename, yui, -js.inline"
+            description="Core build work"
+    />
+
+    <target name="prod"
+            depends="core, finalize"
+            description="Full Production Build"
+    />
+
+    <!-- debug target -->
+    <target name="debug" depends="-setup">
+        <echoproperties/>
+    </target>
+
+</project>

samples/Ant Build System/filenames/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ant.xml

samples/Assembly/External Interrupt.a51

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+	ORG	0000h
+	SJMP	START
+	ORG	0003h
+	LCALL	INT0_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	000Bh
+	LCALL	T0_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	0013h
+	LCALL	INT1_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	001Bh
+	LCALL	T1_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	0023h
+	LCALL	UART_ISR
+	RETI
+	ORG	0030h
+START:
+	MOV	A,#11111110b
+	SETB	IT0	; Set External Interrupt 0 to be falling edge triggered
+	SETB	EX0	; Enable External Interrut 0
+	SETB	EA	; Enable Interrupt
+LEFT:			
+	CJNE	A,#01111111b,LOOP1
+	JMP	RIGHT
+LOOP1:
+	MOV	P1,A
+	RL	A	
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	SJMP	LEFT	
+RIGHT:
+	CJNE	A,#11111110b,LOOP2
+	JMP	LEFT
+LOOP2:
+	MOV	P1,A
+	RR	A	
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	SJMP	RIGHT
+	
+INT0_ISR:
+	MOV	R1,#3
+FLASH:
+	MOV	P1,#00h
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	MOV	P1,#0FFh
+	LCALL	DELAY
+	DJNZ	R1,FLASH
+	RET
+T0_ISR:
+	RET
+INT1_ISR:
+	RET
+T1_ISR:
+	RET
+UART_ISR:
+	RET
+
+DELAY:	MOV	R5,#20	;R5*20 mS
+D1:     MOV	R6,#40
+D2:     MOV	R7,#249
+	DJNZ	R7,$
+ 	DJNZ	R6,D2
+  	DJNZ	R5,D1
+   	RET
+	END

samples/C++/bar.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+class Bar
+{
+  protected:
+
+    char *name;
+
+  public:
+
+    void hello();
+}

samples/Ceylon/Foo.ceylon

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-doc "Test function for Ceylon"
-by  "Enrique"
+"Test function for Ceylon"
+by ("Enrique")
 shared void test() {
-  print("test");
+    print("test");
 }
 
-doc "Test class for Ceylon"
+"Test class for Ceylon"
 shared class Test(name) satisfies Comparable<Test> {
     shared String name;
-    shared actual String string = "Test " name ".";
+    shared actual String string = "Test ``name``.";
 
     shared actual Comparison compare(Test other) {
         return name<=>other.name;

samples/Clean/GenHylo.dcl

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+definition module GenHylo
+
+import StdGeneric, GenMap
+
+:: Fix f = In (f .(Fix f))
+Out :: !u:(Fix v:a) -> v:(a w:(Fix v:a)), [u <= w]
+
+hylo :: ((.f .b) -> .b) (.a -> (.f .a)) -> (.a -> .b) | gMap{|*->*|} f
+cata :: (u:(f .a) -> .a) -> (Fix u:f) -> .a | gMap{|*->*|} f
+ana :: (.a -> u:(f .a)) -> .a -> (Fix u:f) | gMap{|*->*|} f
+

samples/Clean/GenMap.dcl

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+definition module GenMap
+
+import StdGeneric
+
+generic gMap a b :: .a -> .b
+derive gMap c, UNIT, PAIR, EITHER, CONS, FIELD, OBJECT, {}, {!} 
+
+derive gMap [], (,), (,,),  (,,,), (,,,,), (,,,,,), (,,,,,,), (,,,,,,,)
+

samples/Clean/GenMap.icl

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+implementation module GenMap
+
+import StdClass, StdArray, StdInt, StdFunc
+import StdGeneric, _Array
+
+generic gMap a b :: .a -> .b
+gMap{|c|} x 					= x
+gMap{|UNIT|} x 					= x
+gMap{|PAIR|} fx fy (PAIR x y) 	= PAIR (fx x) (fy y) 
+gMap{|EITHER|} fl fr (LEFT x) 	= LEFT (fl x)
+gMap{|EITHER|} fl fr (RIGHT x) 	= RIGHT (fr x)
+gMap{|CONS|} f (CONS x) 		= CONS (f x)
+gMap{|FIELD|} f (FIELD x) 		= FIELD (f x)
+gMap{|OBJECT|} f (OBJECT x) 	= OBJECT (f x)
+gMap{|{}|} f xs 				= mapArray f xs
+gMap{|{!}|} f xs				= mapArray f xs
+
+derive gMap [], (,), (,,),  (,,,), (,,,,), (,,,,,), (,,,,,,), (,,,,,,,)
+

samples/Clean/fsieve.icl

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+module fsieve
+
+/*
+The Fast Sieve of Eratosthenes.
+
+A sequential and optimized version of the sieve of Eratosthenes.
+The program calculates a list of the first NrOfPrime primes.
+The result of the program is the NrOfPrimes'th prime.
+
+Strictness annotations have been added because the strictness analyser
+is not able to deduce all strictness information. Removal of these !'s
+will make the program about 20% slower.
+
+On a machine without a math coprocessor the execution of this
+program might take a (very) long time. Set NrOfPrimes to a smaller value.
+*/
+
+import StdClass; // RWS
+import StdInt, StdReal
+     
+NrOfPrimes :== 3000 
+	
+//	The sieve algorithm: generate an infinite list of all primes.
+
+Primes::[Int]
+Primes = pr where pr = [5 : Sieve 7 4 pr]
+
+Sieve::Int !Int [Int] -> [Int]
+Sieve g i prs
+	| IsPrime prs g (toInt (sqrt (toReal g)))	=  [g : Sieve` g i prs]
+												=  Sieve (g + i) (6 - i) prs
+
+Sieve`::Int Int [Int] -> [Int]
+Sieve` g i prs =  Sieve (g + i) (6 - i) prs
+
+IsPrime::[Int] !Int Int -> Bool
+IsPrime [f:r] pr bd | f>bd 			=  True
+					| pr rem f==0	=  False
+									=  IsPrime r pr bd
+								  
+//	Select is used to get the NrOfPrimes'th prime from the infinite list.
+
+Select::[x] Int -> x
+Select [f:r] 1 =  f
+Select [f:r] n =  Select r (n - 1)
+
+
+/*	The Start rule: Select the NrOfPrimes'th prime from the list of primes
+	generated by Primes.
+*/
+
+Start::Int
+Start = Select [2, 3 : Primes] NrOfPrimes
+

samples/Clean/sem.icl

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+module monadicSemantics
+
+import StdEnv, StdGeneric, GenMap, GenHylo
+
+/* For fun I implemented the recursive datastructre Exp and Stm as fixpoints
+   This helps us define recursive functions on them (only a little bit though)
+   However deriving gMap for Fix did not works out of the box
+   I had to remove some uniqueness typing in GenMap and GenHylo */
+:: Op      = Plus | Minus | Times | Rem | Equal | LessThan
+:: Var     :== String
+
+:: ExpP a  = Int Int | Var Var | Op Op a a
+:: Exp     :== Fix ExpP
+
+:: StmP a  = Assign Var Exp | If Exp a a | While Exp a | Seq a a | Cont
+:: Stm     :== Fix StmP
+
+derive gMap ExpP, StmP, Fix
+
+// Environment. Semantics is basically Env -> Env
+:: Env :== Var -> Int
+:: Sem :== Env -> (Int, Env)
+empty = \v . 0
+
+// return
+rtn :: Int -> Sem
+rtn i = \e. (i, e)
+
+// the usual bind
+(>>=) infixl 1 :: Sem (Int->Sem) -> Sem
+(>>=) x y = \e. (\(i,e2).y i e2) (x e)
+(>>|) infixl 1 :: Sem Sem -> Sem
+(>>|) x y = x >>= \_. y
+
+// read variable from environment
+read :: Var -> Sem
+read v = \e. (e v, e)
+
+// assign value to give variable in environment
+write :: Var Int -> Sem
+write v i = \e. (i, \w. if (w==v) i (e w))
+
+// semantics
+class sem a :: a -> Sem
+
+operator :: Op -> Int -> Int -> Int
+operator Plus     = (+)
+operator Minus    = (-)
+operator Times    = (*)
+operator Rem      = rem
+operator Equal    = \x y . if (x==y) 1 0
+operator LessThan = \x y . if (x< y)  1 0
+
+// semantics of expressions
+instance sem Exp where
+	sem x = cata phi x where
+		phi (Int n)     = rtn n
+		phi (Var v)     = read v
+		phi (Op op x y) = x >>= \v1. y >>= return o (operator op v1)
+
+// semantics of statments
+// NOTE: while will always return 0, as it might not even be executed
+instance sem Stm where
+	sem x = cata phi x where
+		phi (Assign v e)     = sem e >>= write v
+		phi (If e s1 s2)     = sem e >>= \b . if (b<>0) s1 s2
+		phi stm=:(While e s) = sem e >>= \b . if (b<>0) (s >>| phi stm) (phi Cont)
+		phi (Seq s1 s2)      = s1 >>| s2    // Here the cata *finally* pays off :D
+		phi Cont             = rtn 0
+
+// convenience functions
+int    = In o Int
+var    = In o Var
+op o   = In o2 (Op o)
+assign = In o2 Assign
+ifte e = In o2 (If e)
+while  = In o2 While
+seq    = In o2 Seq
+cont   = In Cont
+
+// test case, also testing the new operator <
+pEuclides =
+	while (op LessThan (int 0) (var "b"))(
+		seq (assign "r" (op Rem (var "a") (var "b")))
+		(seq (assign "a" (var "b"))
+		( (assign "b" (var "r")))
+		)
+	)
+
+Start = fst (program start) where
+	program = sem pEuclides >>| read "a"
+	start "a" = 9
+	start "b" = 12
+	start _ = 0
+
+// Helper
+(o2) infixr 9
+(o2) f g x :== f o (g x)
+

samples/Clean/stack.dcl

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+definition module stack
+
+:: Stack a
+
+newStack :: (Stack a)
+push :: a (Stack a) -> Stack a
+pushes :: [a] (Stack a) -> Stack a
+pop :: (Stack a) -> Stack a
+popn :: Int (Stack a) -> Stack a
+top :: (Stack a) -> a
+topn :: Int (Stack a) -> [a]
+elements :: (Stack a) -> [a]
+count :: (Stack a) -> Int
+

samples/Clean/stack.icl

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+implementation module stack
+import StdEnv
+
+:: Stack a :== [a]
+
+newStack :: (Stack a)
+newStack = []
+
+push :: a (Stack a) -> Stack a
+push x s = [x:s]
+
+pushes :: [a] (Stack a) -> Stack a
+pushes x s = x ++ s
+
+pop :: (Stack a) -> Stack a
+pop [] = abort "Cannot use pop on an empty stack"
+pop [e:s] = s
+
+popn :: Int (Stack a) -> Stack a
+popn n s  = drop n s
+
+top :: (Stack a) -> a
+top [] = abort "Cannot use top on an empty stack"
+top [e:s] = e
+
+topn :: Int (Stack a) -> [a]
+topn n s = take n s
+elements :: (Stack a) -> [a]
+elements s = s
+
+count :: (Stack a) -> Int
+count s = length s
+

samples/Clean/streams.dcl

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+definition module streams
+
+import StdEnv
+
+instance zero [Real]
+instance one [Real]
+instance + [Real]        
+instance - [Real]
+instance * [Real]
+instance / [Real]
+
+X :: [Real]
+invert :: [Real] -> [Real]
+pow :: [Real] Int -> [Real]
+(shuffle) infixl 7 :: [Real] [Real] -> [Real]
+

samples/Clean/streams.icl

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+implementation module streams
+
+import StdEnv
+
+instance zero [Real]
+where
+        zero = [] //Infinite row of zeroes represented as empty list to ease computation
+
+instance one [Real]
+where
+        one = [1.0:zero]
+
+instance + [Real]
+where
+        (+) [s:s`] [t:t`] = [s+t:s`+t`]
+        (+) [s:s`] [] = [s:s`]
+        (+) [] [t:t`] = [t:t`]
+        (+) [] [] = []
+        
+instance - [Real]
+where
+        (-) [s:s`] [t:t`] = [s-t:s`-t`]
+        (-) [s:s`] [] = [s:s`]
+        (-) [] [t:t`] = [-1.0] * [t:t`]
+        (-) [] [] = []
+
+instance * [Real]
+where
+        (*) [s:s`] [t:t`] = [s*t:s`*[t:t`]+[s]*t`]
+        (*) _ _ = []
+
+instance / [Real]
+where
+        (/) s t = s * (invert t)
+
+X :: [Real]
+X = [0.0:one]
+
+invert :: [Real] -> [Real]
+invert [s:s`] = [1.0/s:(invert [s:s`]) * s` * [-1.0/s]]
+
+pow :: [Real] Int -> [Real]
+pow s 0 = one
+pow s n = s * pow s (n-1)
+
+(shuffle) infixl 7 :: [Real] [Real] -> [Real]
+(shuffle) [s:s`] [t:t`] = [s*t:s` shuffle [t:t`] + [s:s`] shuffle t`]
+(shuffle) _ _ = []
+

samples/FORTRAN/sample1.f

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+c comment
+* comment
+
+      program main
+
+      end
+
+      subroutine foo( i, x, b )
+      INTEGER            i
+      REAL               x
+      LOGICAL            b
+
+      if( i.ne.0 ) then
+         call bar( -i )
+      end if
+
+      return
+      end
+
+      double complex function baz()
+
+      baz = (0.0d0,0.0d0)
+
+      return 
+      end

samples/FORTRAN/sample1.for

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+c comment
+* comment
+
+      program main
+
+      end
+
+      subroutine foo( i, x, b )
+      INTEGER            i
+      REAL               x
+      LOGICAL            b
+
+      if( i.ne.0 ) then
+         call bar( -i )
+      end if
+
+      return
+      end
+
+      double complex function baz()
+
+      baz = (0.0d0,0.0d0)
+
+      return 
+      end

samples/FORTRAN/sample2.f

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+      PROGRAM MAIN
+
+      END
+
+C comment
+* comment
+
+      SUBROUTINE foo( i, x, b )
+      INTEGER            i
+      REAL               x
+      LOGICAL            b
+
+      IF( i.NE.0 ) THEN
+         CALL bar( -i )
+      END IF
+
+      RETURN
+      END
+
+      DOUBLE COMPLEX FUNCTION baz()
+
+      baz = (0.0d0,0.0d0)
+
+      RETURN 
+      END

samples/FORTRAN/sample3.F

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+c comment
+* comment
+
+      program main
+
+      end
+
+      subroutine foo( i, x, b )
+      INTEGER            i
+      REAL               x
+      LOGICAL            b
+
+      if( i.ne.0 ) then
+         call bar( -i )
+      end if
+
+      return
+      end
+
+      double complex function baz()
+
+      baz = (0.0d0,0.0d0)
+
+      return 
+      end

samples/Forth/bitmap.frt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+\ Bit arrays.
+: bits ( u1 -- u2 ) 7 + 3 rshift ;
+: bitmap ( u "name" -- ) create bits here over erase allot
+   does> ( u -- a x ) over 3 rshift +  1 rot 7 and lshift ;
+: bit@ ( a x -- f ) swap c@ and ;
+: 1bit ( a x -- ) over c@ or swap c! ;
+: 0bit ( a x -- ) invert over c@ and swap c! ;
+: bit! ( f a x -- ) rot if 1bit else 0bit then ;

samples/Forth/core.f

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+: immediate   lastxt @ dup c@ negate swap c! ;
+
+: \   source nip >in ! ; immediate \ Copyright 2004, 2012 Lars Brinkhoff
+
+: char \ ( "word" -- char )
+    bl-word here 1+ c@ ;
+
+: ahead  here 0 , ;
+
+: resolve   here swap ! ;
+
+: '   bl-word here find 0branch [ ahead ] exit [ resolve ] 0 ;
+
+: postpone-nonimmediate   [ ' literal , ' compile, ] literal , ;
+
+: create   dovariable_code header, reveal ;
+
+create postponers
+    ' postpone-nonimmediate ,
+    ' abort ,
+    ' , ,
+
+: word \ ( char "<chars>string<char>" -- caddr )
+    drop bl-word here ;
+
+: postpone \ ( C: "word" -- )
+    bl word find 1+ cells  postponers + @ execute ; immediate
+
+: unresolved \ ( C: "word" -- orig )
+    postpone postpone  postpone ahead ; immediate
+
+: chars \ ( n1 -- n2 )
+    ;
+
+: else \ ( -- ) ( C: orig1 -- orig2 )
+    unresolved branch swap resolve ; immediate
+
+: if \ ( flag -- ) ( C: -- orig )
+    unresolved 0branch ; immediate
+
+: then \ ( -- ) ( C: orig -- )
+    resolve ; immediate
+
+: [char] \ ( "word" -- )
+    char  postpone literal ; immediate
+
+: (does>)   lastxt @ dodoes_code over >code ! r> swap >does ! ;
+
+: does>   postpone (does>) ; immediate
+
+: begin \ ( -- ) ( C: -- dest )
+    here ; immediate
+
+: while \ ( x -- ) ( C: dest -- orig dest )
+    unresolved 0branch swap ; immediate
+
+: repeat \ ( -- ) ( C: orig dest -- )
+    postpone branch ,  resolve ; immediate
+
+: until \ ( x -- ) ( C: dest -- )
+    postpone 0branch , ; immediate
+
+: recurse   lastxt @ compile, ; immediate
+
+: pad \ ( -- addr )
+    here 1024 + ;
+
+: parse \ ( char "string<char>" -- addr n )
+    pad >r  begin
+	source? if <source 2dup <> else 0 0 then
+    while
+	r@ c!  r> 1+ >r
+    repeat  2drop  pad r> over - ;
+
+: ( \ ( "string<paren>" -- )
+    [ char ) ] literal parse 2drop ; immediate
+    \ TODO: If necessary, refill and keep parsing.
+
+: string, ( addr n -- )
+    here over allot align  swap cmove ;
+
+: (s") ( -- addr n ) ( R: ret1 -- ret2 )
+    r> dup @ swap cell+ 2dup + aligned >r swap ;
+
+create squote   128 allot
+
+: s" ( "string<quote>" -- addr n )
+    state @ if
+	postpone (s")  [char] " parse  dup ,  string,
+    else
+	[char] " parse  >r squote r@ cmove  squote r>
+    then ; immediate
+
+: (abort") ( ... addr n -- ) ( R: ... -- )
+    cr type cr abort ;
+
+: abort" ( ... x "string<quote>" -- ) ( R: ... -- )
+    postpone if  postpone s"  postpone (abort")  postpone then ; immediate
+
+\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+( Core words. )
+
+\ TODO: #
+\ TODO: #>
+\ TODO: #s
+
+: and  ( x y -- x&y )   nand invert ;
+
+: *   1 2>r 0 swap begin r@ while
+         r> r> swap 2dup dup + 2>r and if swap over + swap then dup +
+      repeat r> r> 2drop drop ;
+
+\ TODO: */mod
+
+: +loop ( -- ) ( C: nest-sys -- )
+    postpone (+loop)  postpone 0branch  ,  postpone unloop ; immediate
+
+: space   bl emit ;
+
+: ?.-  dup 0 < if [char] - emit negate then ;
+
+: digit   [char] 0 + emit ;
+
+: (.)   base @ /mod  ?dup if recurse then  digit ;
+
+: ." ( "string<quote>" -- )   postpone s"  postpone type ; immediate
+
+: . ( x -- )   ?.- (.) space ;
+
+: postpone-number ( caddr -- )
+    0 0 rot count >number dup 0= if
+	2drop nip
+	postpone (literal)  postpone (literal)  postpone ,
+	postpone literal  postpone ,
+    else
+	." Undefined: " type cr abort
+    then ;
+
+' postpone-number  postponers cell+  !
+
+: / ( x y -- x/y )   /mod nip ;
+
+: 0< ( n -- flag )   0 < ;
+
+: 1- ( n -- n-1 )   -1 + ;
+
+: 2! ( x1 x2 addr -- )   swap over ! cell+ ! ;
+
+: 2* ( n -- 2n )   dup + ;
+
+\ Kernel: 2/
+
+: 2@ ( addr -- x1 x2 )   dup cell+ @ swap @ ;
+
+\ Kernel: 2drop
+\ Kernel: 2dup
+
+\ TODO: 2over ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x1 x2 x3 x4 x1 x2 )
+\           3 pick 3 pick ;
+
+\ TODO: 2swap
+
+\ TODO: <#
+
+: abs ( n -- |n| )
+    dup 0< if negate then ;
+
+\ TODO: accept
+
+: c, ( n -- )
+    here c!  1 chars allot ;
+
+: char+ ( n1 -- n2 )
+    1+ ;
+
+: constant   create , does> @ ;
+
+: decimal ( -- )
+    10 base ! ;
+
+: depth ( -- n )
+    data_stack 100 cells +  'SP @  - /cell /  2 - ;
+
+: do ( n1 n2 -- ) ( R: -- loop-sys ) ( C: -- do-sys )
+    postpone 2>r  here ; immediate
+
+\ TODO: environment?
+\ TODO: evaluate
+\ TODO: fill
+\ TODO: fm/mod )
+\ TODO: hold
+
+: j ( -- x1 ) ( R: x1 x2 x3 -- x1 x2 x3 )
+    'RP @ 3 cells + @ ;
+
+\ TODO: leave
+
+: loop ( -- ) ( C: nest-sys -- )
+    postpone 1  postpone (+loop)
+    postpone 0branch  ,
+    postpone unloop ; immediate
+
+: lshift   begin ?dup while 1- swap dup + swap repeat ;
+
+: rshift   1 begin over while dup + swap 1- swap repeat nip
+           2>r 0 1 begin r@ while
+              r> r> 2dup swap dup + 2>r and if swap over + swap then dup +
+           repeat r> r> 2drop drop ;
+
+: max ( x y -- max[x,y] )
+    2dup > if drop else nip then ;
+
+\ Kernel: min
+\ TODO:   mod
+\ TODO:   move
+
+: (quit) ( R: ... -- )
+    return_stack 100 cells + 'RP !
+    0 'source-id !  tib ''source !  #tib ''#source !
+    postpone [
+    begin
+	refill
+    while
+	interpret  state @ 0= if ." ok" cr then
+    repeat
+    bye ;
+
+' (quit)  ' quit >body cell+  !
+
+\ TODO: s>d
+\ TODO: sign
+\ TODO: sm/rem
+
+: spaces ( n -- )
+    0 do space loop ;
+
+\ TODO: u.
+
+: signbit ( -- n )   -1 1 rshift invert ;
+
+: xor ( x y -- x^y )    2dup nand >r r@ nand swap r> nand nand ;
+
+: u<  ( x y -- flag )  signbit xor swap signbit xor > ;
+
+\ TODO: um/mod
+
+: variable ( "word" -- )
+    create /cell allot ;
+
+: ['] \ ( C: "word" -- )
+    ' postpone literal ; immediate

samples/Forth/core.for

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+: immediate   lastxt @ dup c@ negate swap c! ;
+
+: \   source nip >in ! ; immediate \ Copyright 2004, 2012 Lars Brinkhoff
+
+: char \ ( "word" -- char )
+    bl-word here 1+ c@ ;
+
+: ahead  here 0 , ;
+
+: resolve   here swap ! ;
+
+: '   bl-word here find 0branch [ ahead ] exit [ resolve ] 0 ;
+
+: postpone-nonimmediate   [ ' literal , ' compile, ] literal , ;
+
+: create   dovariable_code header, reveal ;
+
+create postponers
+    ' postpone-nonimmediate ,
+    ' abort ,
+    ' , ,
+
+: word \ ( char "<chars>string<char>" -- caddr )
+    drop bl-word here ;
+
+: postpone \ ( C: "word" -- )
+    bl word find 1+ cells  postponers + @ execute ; immediate
+
+: unresolved \ ( C: "word" -- orig )
+    postpone postpone  postpone ahead ; immediate
+
+: chars \ ( n1 -- n2 )
+    ;
+
+: else \ ( -- ) ( C: orig1 -- orig2 )
+    unresolved branch swap resolve ; immediate
+
+: if \ ( flag -- ) ( C: -- orig )
+    unresolved 0branch ; immediate
+
+: then \ ( -- ) ( C: orig -- )
+    resolve ; immediate
+
+: [char] \ ( "word" -- )
+    char  postpone literal ; immediate
+
+: (does>)   lastxt @ dodoes_code over >code ! r> swap >does ! ;
+
+: does>   postpone (does>) ; immediate
+
+: begin \ ( -- ) ( C: -- dest )
+    here ; immediate
+
+: while \ ( x -- ) ( C: dest -- orig dest )
+    unresolved 0branch swap ; immediate
+
+: repeat \ ( -- ) ( C: orig dest -- )
+    postpone branch ,  resolve ; immediate
+
+: until \ ( x -- ) ( C: dest -- )
+    postpone 0branch , ; immediate
+
+: recurse   lastxt @ compile, ; immediate
+
+: pad \ ( -- addr )
+    here 1024 + ;
+
+: parse \ ( char "string<char>" -- addr n )
+    pad >r  begin
+	source? if <source 2dup <> else 0 0 then
+    while
+	r@ c!  r> 1+ >r
+    repeat  2drop  pad r> over - ;
+
+: ( \ ( "string<paren>" -- )
+    [ char ) ] literal parse 2drop ; immediate
+    \ TODO: If necessary, refill and keep parsing.
+
+: string, ( addr n -- )
+    here over allot align  swap cmove ;
+
+: (s") ( -- addr n ) ( R: ret1 -- ret2 )
+    r> dup @ swap cell+ 2dup + aligned >r swap ;
+
+create squote   128 allot
+
+: s" ( "string<quote>" -- addr n )
+    state @ if
+	postpone (s")  [char] " parse  dup ,  string,
+    else
+	[char] " parse  >r squote r@ cmove  squote r>
+    then ; immediate
+
+: (abort") ( ... addr n -- ) ( R: ... -- )
+    cr type cr abort ;
+
+: abort" ( ... x "string<quote>" -- ) ( R: ... -- )
+    postpone if  postpone s"  postpone (abort")  postpone then ; immediate
+
+\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+( Core words. )
+
+\ TODO: #
+\ TODO: #>
+\ TODO: #s
+
+: and  ( x y -- x&y )   nand invert ;
+
+: *   1 2>r 0 swap begin r@ while
+         r> r> swap 2dup dup + 2>r and if swap over + swap then dup +
+      repeat r> r> 2drop drop ;
+
+\ TODO: */mod
+
+: +loop ( -- ) ( C: nest-sys -- )
+    postpone (+loop)  postpone 0branch  ,  postpone unloop ; immediate
+
+: space   bl emit ;
+
+: ?.-  dup 0 < if [char] - emit negate then ;
+
+: digit   [char] 0 + emit ;
+
+: (.)   base @ /mod  ?dup if recurse then  digit ;
+
+: ." ( "string<quote>" -- )   postpone s"  postpone type ; immediate
+
+: . ( x -- )   ?.- (.) space ;
+
+: postpone-number ( caddr -- )
+    0 0 rot count >number dup 0= if
+	2drop nip
+	postpone (literal)  postpone (literal)  postpone ,
+	postpone literal  postpone ,
+    else
+	." Undefined: " type cr abort
+    then ;
+
+' postpone-number  postponers cell+  !
+
+: / ( x y -- x/y )   /mod nip ;
+
+: 0< ( n -- flag )   0 < ;
+
+: 1- ( n -- n-1 )   -1 + ;
+
+: 2! ( x1 x2 addr -- )   swap over ! cell+ ! ;
+
+: 2* ( n -- 2n )   dup + ;
+
+\ Kernel: 2/
+
+: 2@ ( addr -- x1 x2 )   dup cell+ @ swap @ ;
+
+\ Kernel: 2drop
+\ Kernel: 2dup
+
+\ TODO: 2over ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x1 x2 x3 x4 x1 x2 )
+\           3 pick 3 pick ;
+
+\ TODO: 2swap
+
+\ TODO: <#
+
+: abs ( n -- |n| )
+    dup 0< if negate then ;
+
+\ TODO: accept
+
+: c, ( n -- )
+    here c!  1 chars allot ;
+
+: char+ ( n1 -- n2 )
+    1+ ;
+
+: constant   create , does> @ ;
+
+: decimal ( -- )
+    10 base ! ;
+
+: depth ( -- n )
+    data_stack 100 cells +  'SP @  - /cell /  2 - ;
+
+: do ( n1 n2 -- ) ( R: -- loop-sys ) ( C: -- do-sys )
+    postpone 2>r  here ; immediate
+
+\ TODO: environment?
+\ TODO: evaluate
+\ TODO: fill
+\ TODO: fm/mod )
+\ TODO: hold
+
+: j ( -- x1 ) ( R: x1 x2 x3 -- x1 x2 x3 )
+    'RP @ 3 cells + @ ;
+
+\ TODO: leave
+
+: loop ( -- ) ( C: nest-sys -- )
+    postpone 1  postpone (+loop)
+    postpone 0branch  ,
+    postpone unloop ; immediate
+
+: lshift   begin ?dup while 1- swap dup + swap repeat ;
+
+: rshift   1 begin over while dup + swap 1- swap repeat nip
+           2>r 0 1 begin r@ while
+              r> r> 2dup swap dup + 2>r and if swap over + swap then dup +
+           repeat r> r> 2drop drop ;
+
+: max ( x y -- max[x,y] )
+    2dup > if drop else nip then ;
+
+\ Kernel: min
+\ TODO:   mod
+\ TODO:   move
+
+: (quit) ( R: ... -- )
+    return_stack 100 cells + 'RP !
+    0 'source-id !  tib ''source !  #tib ''#source !
+    postpone [
+    begin
+	refill
+    while
+	interpret  state @ 0= if ." ok" cr then
+    repeat
+    bye ;
+
+' (quit)  ' quit >body cell+  !
+
+\ TODO: s>d
+\ TODO: sign
+\ TODO: sm/rem
+
+: spaces ( n -- )
+    0 do space loop ;
+
+\ TODO: u.
+
+: signbit ( -- n )   -1 1 rshift invert ;
+
+: xor ( x y -- x^y )    2dup nand >r r@ nand swap r> nand nand ;
+
+: u<  ( x y -- flag )  signbit xor swap signbit xor > ;
+
+\ TODO: um/mod
+
+: variable ( "word" -- )
+    create /cell allot ;
+
+: ['] \ ( C: "word" -- )
+    ' postpone literal ; immediate

samples/Forth/core1.F

@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+: immediate   lastxt @ dup c@ negate swap c! ;
+
+: \   source nip >in ! ; immediate \ Copyright 2004, 2012 Lars Brinkhoff
+
+: char \ ( "word" -- char )
+    bl-word here 1+ c@ ;
+
+: ahead  here 0 , ;
+
+: resolve   here swap ! ;
+
+: '   bl-word here find 0branch [ ahead ] exit [ resolve ] 0 ;
+
+: postpone-nonimmediate   [ ' literal , ' compile, ] literal , ;
+
+: create   dovariable_code header, reveal ;
+
+create postponers
+    ' postpone-nonimmediate ,
+    ' abort ,
+    ' , ,
+
+: word \ ( char "<chars>string<char>" -- caddr )
+    drop bl-word here ;
+
+: postpone \ ( C: "word" -- )
+    bl word find 1+ cells  postponers + @ execute ; immediate
+
+: unresolved \ ( C: "word" -- orig )
+    postpone postpone  postpone ahead ; immediate
+
+: chars \ ( n1 -- n2 )
+    ;
+
+: else \ ( -- ) ( C: orig1 -- orig2 )
+    unresolved branch swap resolve ; immediate
+
+: if \ ( flag -- ) ( C: -- orig )
+    unresolved 0branch ; immediate
+
+: then \ ( -- ) ( C: orig -- )
+    resolve ; immediate
+
+: [char] \ ( "word" -- )
+    char  postpone literal ; immediate
+
+: (does>)   lastxt @ dodoes_code over >code ! r> swap >does ! ;
+
+: does>   postpone (does>) ; immediate
+
+: begin \ ( -- ) ( C: -- dest )
+    here ; immediate
+
+: while \ ( x -- ) ( C: dest -- orig dest )
+    unresolved 0branch swap ; immediate
+
+: repeat \ ( -- ) ( C: orig dest -- )
+    postpone branch ,  resolve ; immediate
+
+: until \ ( x -- ) ( C: dest -- )
+    postpone 0branch , ; immediate
+
+: recurse   lastxt @ compile, ; immediate
+
+: pad \ ( -- addr )
+    here 1024 + ;
+
+: parse \ ( char "string<char>" -- addr n )
+    pad >r  begin
+	source? if <source 2dup <> else 0 0 then
+    while
+	r@ c!  r> 1+ >r
+    repeat  2drop  pad r> over - ;
+
+: ( \ ( "string<paren>" -- )
+    [ char ) ] literal parse 2drop ; immediate
+    \ TODO: If necessary, refill and keep parsing.
+
+: string, ( addr n -- )
+    here over allot align  swap cmove ;
+
+: (s") ( -- addr n ) ( R: ret1 -- ret2 )
+    r> dup @ swap cell+ 2dup + aligned >r swap ;
+
+create squote   128 allot
+
+: s" ( "string<quote>" -- addr n )
+    state @ if
+	postpone (s")  [char] " parse  dup ,  string,
+    else
+	[char] " parse  >r squote r@ cmove  squote r>
+    then ; immediate
+
+: (abort") ( ... addr n -- ) ( R: ... -- )
+    cr type cr abort ;
+
+: abort" ( ... x "string<quote>" -- ) ( R: ... -- )
+    postpone if  postpone s"  postpone (abort")  postpone then ; immediate
+
+\ ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+( Core words. )
+
+\ TODO: #
+\ TODO: #>
+\ TODO: #s
+
+: and  ( x y -- x&y )   nand invert ;
+
+: *   1 2>r 0 swap begin r@ while
+         r> r> swap 2dup dup + 2>r and if swap over + swap then dup +
+      repeat r> r> 2drop drop ;
+
+\ TODO: */mod
+
+: +loop ( -- ) ( C: nest-sys -- )
+    postpone (+loop)  postpone 0branch  ,  postpone unloop ; immediate
+
+: space   bl emit ;
+
+: ?.-  dup 0 < if [char] - emit negate then ;
+
+: digit   [char] 0 + emit ;
+
+: (.)   base @ /mod  ?dup if recurse then  digit ;
+
+: ." ( "string<quote>" -- )   postpone s"  postpone type ; immediate
+
+: . ( x -- )   ?.- (.) space ;
+
+: postpone-number ( caddr -- )
+    0 0 rot count >number dup 0= if
+	2drop nip
+	postpone (literal)  postpone (literal)  postpone ,
+	postpone literal  postpone ,
+    else
+	." Undefined: " type cr abort
+    then ;
+
+' postpone-number  postponers cell+  !
+
+: / ( x y -- x/y )   /mod nip ;
+
+: 0< ( n -- flag )   0 < ;
+
+: 1- ( n -- n-1 )   -1 + ;
+
+: 2! ( x1 x2 addr -- )   swap over ! cell+ ! ;
+
+: 2* ( n -- 2n )   dup + ;
+
+\ Kernel: 2/
+
+: 2@ ( addr -- x1 x2 )   dup cell+ @ swap @ ;
+
+\ Kernel: 2drop
+\ Kernel: 2dup
+
+\ TODO: 2over ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x1 x2 x3 x4 x1 x2 )
+\           3 pick 3 pick ;
+
+\ TODO: 2swap
+
+\ TODO: <#
+
+: abs ( n -- |n| )
+    dup 0< if negate then ;
+
+\ TODO: accept
+
+: c, ( n -- )
+    here c!  1 chars allot ;
+
+: char+ ( n1 -- n2 )
+    1+ ;
+
+: constant   create , does> @ ;
+
+: decimal ( -- )
+    10 base ! ;
+
+: depth ( -- n )
+    data_stack 100 cells +  'SP @  - /cell /  2 - ;
+
+: do ( n1 n2 -- ) ( R: -- loop-sys ) ( C: -- do-sys )
+    postpone 2>r  here ; immediate
+
+\ TODO: environment?
+\ TODO: evaluate
+\ TODO: fill
+\ TODO: fm/mod )
+\ TODO: hold
+
+: j ( -- x1 ) ( R: x1 x2 x3 -- x1 x2 x3 )
+    'RP @ 3 cells + @ ;
+
+\ TODO: leave
+
+: loop ( -- ) ( C: nest-sys -- )
+    postpone 1  postpone (+loop)
+    postpone 0branch  ,
+    postpone unloop ; immediate
+
+: lshift   begin ?dup while 1- swap dup + swap repeat ;
+
+: rshift   1 begin over while dup + swap 1- swap repeat nip
+           2>r 0 1 begin r@ while
+              r> r> 2dup swap dup + 2>r and if swap over + swap then dup +
+           repeat r> r> 2drop drop ;
+
+: max ( x y -- max[x,y] )
+    2dup > if drop else nip then ;
+
+\ Kernel: min
+\ TODO:   mod
+\ TODO:   move
+
+: (quit) ( R: ... -- )
+    return_stack 100 cells + 'RP !
+    0 'source-id !  tib ''source !  #tib ''#source !
+    postpone [
+    begin
+	refill
+    while
+	interpret  state @ 0= if ." ok" cr then
+    repeat
+    bye ;
+
+' (quit)  ' quit >body cell+  !
+
+\ TODO: s>d
+\ TODO: sign
+\ TODO: sm/rem
+
+: spaces ( n -- )
+    0 do space loop ;
+
+\ TODO: u.
+
+: signbit ( -- n )   -1 1 rshift invert ;
+
+: xor ( x y -- x^y )    2dup nand >r r@ nand swap r> nand nand ;
+
+: u<  ( x y -- flag )  signbit xor swap signbit xor > ;
+
+\ TODO: um/mod
+
+: variable ( "word" -- )
+    create /cell allot ;
+
+: ['] \ ( C: "word" -- )
+    ' postpone literal ; immediate

samples/Forth/enum.frt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+\ Implements ENUM.
+
+\ Double DOES>!
+: enum   create 0 ,  does> create dup @ 1 rot +! ,  does> @ ;
+
+\ But this is simpler.
+: enum   create 0 ,  does> dup @ constant 1 swap +! ;

samples/Forth/macros.frt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+\ Simplifies compiling words.
+
+: [[     ; immediate
+: '<>    >in @ ' swap >in ! <> ;
+: (]])   begin dup '<> while postpone postpone repeat drop ;
+: ]]     ['] [[ (]]) ; immediate
+
+( Usage:   : foo ]] dup * [[ ; immediate   : bar 42 foo . ; )

samples/G-code/duettest.g

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+; RepRapPro Ormerod
+; Board test GCodes
+M111 S1; Debug on
+G21 ; mm
+G90 ; Absolute positioning
+M83 ; Extrusion relative
+M906 X800 Y800 Z800 E800 ; Motor currents (mA)
+T0 ; Extruder 0
+G1 X50 F500
+G1 X0
+G4 P500
+G1 Y50 F500
+G1 Y0
+G4 P500
+G1 Z20 F200
+G1 Z0
+G4 P500
+G1 E20 F200
+G1 E-20
+G4 P500
+M106 S255
+G4 P500
+M106 S0
+G4 P500
+M105
+G10 P0 S100
+T0
+M140 S100
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+G4 P5000
+M105
+M0
+
+
+
+

samples/G-code/square.g

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+G28 X0 Y0
+G1 X55 Y5 F2000
+G1 Y180
+G1 X180
+G1 Y5
+G1 X55
+G1 Y180
+G1 X180
+G1 Y5
+G1 X55
+M0
+
+

samples/GDScript/example.gd

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# Taken from https://github.com/okamstudio/godot/wiki/gdscript
+# a file is a class!
+
+# inheritance
+
+extends BaseClass
+
+# member variables
+
+var a = 5 
+var s = "Hello"
+var arr = [1, 2, 3]
+var dict = {"key":"value", 2:3}
+
+# constants
+
+const answer = 42
+const thename = "Charly"
+
+# built-in vector types
+
+var v2 = Vector2(1, 2)
+var v3 = Vector3(1, 2, 3)
+
+# function
+
+func some_function(param1, param2):
+    var local_var = 5
+
+    if param1 < local_var:
+        print(param1)
+    elif param2 > 5:
+        print(param2)
+    else:
+        print("fail!")
+
+    for i in range(20):
+        print(i)
+
+    while(param2 != 0):
+        param2 -= 1
+
+    var local_var2 = param1+3
+    return local_var2
+
+
+# subclass
+
+class Something:
+    var a = 10
+
+# constructor
+
+func _init():
+    print("constructed!")
+    var lv = Something.new()
+    print(lv.a)

samples/GDScript/grid.gd

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+
+
+extends Control
+
+# Simple Tetris-like demo, (c) 2012 Juan Linietsky
+# Implemented by using a regular Control and drawing on it during the _draw() callback.
+# The drawing surface is updated only when changes happen (by calling update())
+
+
+var score = 0
+var score_label=null
+
+const MAX_SHAPES = 7
+
+var block = preload("block.png")
+
+var block_colors=[
+	Color(1,0.5,0.5),
+	Color(0.5,1,0.5),
+	Color(0.5,0.5,1),
+	Color(0.8,0.4,0.8),
+	Color(0.8,0.8,0.4),
+	Color(0.4,0.8,0.8),
+	Color(0.7,0.7,0.7)]
+
+var	block_shapes=[
+	[ Vector2(0,-1),Vector2(0,0),Vector2(0,1),Vector2(0,2) ], # I
+	[ Vector2(0,0),Vector2(1,0),Vector2(1,1),Vector2(0,1) ], # O
+	[ Vector2(-1,1),Vector2(0,1),Vector2(0,0),Vector2(1,0) ], # S
+	[ Vector2(1,1),Vector2(0,1),Vector2(0,0),Vector2(-1,0) ], # Z
+	[ Vector2(-1,1),Vector2(-1,0),Vector2(0,0),Vector2(1,0) ], # L
+	[ Vector2(1,1),Vector2(1,0),Vector2(0,0),Vector2(-1,0) ], # J
+	[ Vector2(0,1),Vector2(1,0),Vector2(0,0),Vector2(-1,0) ]] # T
+	
+
+var block_rotations=[
+	Matrix32( Vector2(1,0),Vector2(0,1), Vector2() ),
+	Matrix32( Vector2(0,1),Vector2(-1,0), Vector2() ),
+	Matrix32( Vector2(-1,0),Vector2(0,-1), Vector2() ),
+	Matrix32( Vector2(0,-1),Vector2(1,0), Vector2() )
+]
+	
+
+var width=0
+var height=0
+
+var cells={}
+
+var piece_active=false
+var piece_shape=0
+var piece_pos=Vector2()
+var piece_rot=0
+
+
+func piece_cell_xform(p,er=0):
+	var r = (4+er+piece_rot)%4
+	return piece_pos+block_rotations[r].xform(p)
+
+func _draw():
+
+	var sb = get_stylebox("bg","Tree") # use line edit bg
+	draw_style_box(sb,Rect2(Vector2(),get_size()).grow(3))
+	
+	var bs = block.get_size()
+	for y in range(height):
+		for x in range(width):
+			if (Vector2(x,y) in cells):
+				draw_texture_rect(block,Rect2(Vector2(x,y)*bs,bs),false,block_colors[cells[Vector2(x,y)]])
+				
+	if (piece_active):
+		
+		for c in block_shapes[piece_shape]:
+			draw_texture_rect(block,Rect2(piece_cell_xform(c)*bs,bs),false,block_colors[piece_shape])
+			
+
+func piece_check_fit(ofs,er=0):
+
+	for c in block_shapes[piece_shape]:
+		var pos = piece_cell_xform(c,er)+ofs
+		if (pos.x < 0):
+			return false
+		if (pos.y < 0):
+			return false
+		if (pos.x >= width):
+			return false
+		if (pos.y >= height):
+			return false
+		if (pos in cells):
+			return false
+	
+	return true	
+
+func new_piece():
+
+	piece_shape = randi() % MAX_SHAPES	
+	piece_pos = Vector2(width/2,0)
+	piece_active=true
+	piece_rot=0
+	if (piece_shape==0):
+		piece_pos.y+=1
+		
+	if (not piece_check_fit(Vector2())):
+		#game over
+		#print("GAME OVER!")
+		game_over()
+		
+	update()
+		
+	
+func test_collapse_rows():
+	var accum_down=0
+	for i in range(height):
+		var y = height - i - 1
+		var collapse = true
+		for x in range(width):
+			if (Vector2(x,y) in cells):
+				if (accum_down):
+					cells[ Vector2(x,y+accum_down) ] = cells[Vector2(x,y)]
+			else:
+				collapse=false
+				if (accum_down):
+					cells.erase( Vector2(x,y+accum_down) )
+						
+		if (collapse):
+			accum_down+=1
+		
+			
+	score+=accum_down*100
+	score_label.set_text(str(score))
+			
+		
+func game_over():
+
+		piece_active=false
+		get_node("gameover").set_text("Game Over")		
+		update()
+				
+		
+func restart_pressed():
+
+		score=0
+		score_label.set_text("0")
+		cells.clear()
+		get_node("gameover").set_text("")		
+		piece_active=true
+		update()
+		
+		
+
+func piece_move_down():
+
+	if (!piece_active):
+		return
+	if (piece_check_fit(Vector2(0,1))):
+		piece_pos.y+=1
+		update()		
+	else:
+
+		for c in block_shapes[piece_shape]:
+			var pos = piece_cell_xform(c)
+			cells[pos]=piece_shape
+		test_collapse_rows()
+		new_piece()
+		
+
+func piece_rotate():
+
+	var adv = 1
+	if (not piece_check_fit(Vector2(),1)):
+		return
+	piece_rot = (piece_rot + adv) % 4
+	update()
+	
+	
+
+func _input(ie):
+
+
+	if (not piece_active):
+		return
+	if (!ie.is_pressed()):
+		return
+
+	if (ie.is_action("move_left")):
+		if (piece_check_fit(Vector2(-1,0))):
+			piece_pos.x-=1
+			update()
+	elif (ie.is_action("move_right")):
+		if (piece_check_fit(Vector2(1,0))):
+			piece_pos.x+=1
+			update()
+	elif (ie.is_action("move_down")):
+		piece_move_down()
+	elif (ie.is_action("rotate")):
+		piece_rotate()
+		
+		
+func setup(w,h):
+	width=w
+	height=h
+	set_size( Vector2(w,h)*block.get_size() )
+	new_piece()
+	get_node("timer").start()
+	
+
+func _ready():
+	# Initalization here
+
+	setup(10,20)
+	score_label = get_node("../score")
+
+	set_process_input(true)
+
+
+
+

samples/GDScript/player.gd

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+
+extends RigidBody
+
+# member variables here, example:
+# var a=2
+# var b="textvar"
+
+#var dir=Vector3()
+
+const ANIM_FLOOR = 0
+const ANIM_AIR_UP = 1
+const ANIM_AIR_DOWN = 2
+
+const SHOOT_TIME = 1.5
+const SHOOT_SCALE = 2
+
+const CHAR_SCALE = Vector3(0.3,0.3,0.3)
+
+var facing_dir = Vector3(1, 0, 0)
+var movement_dir = Vector3()
+
+var jumping=false
+
+var turn_speed=40
+var keep_jump_inertia = true
+var air_idle_deaccel = false
+var accel=19.0
+var deaccel=14.0
+var sharp_turn_threshhold = 140
+
+var max_speed=3.1
+var on_floor = false
+
+var prev_shoot = false
+
+var last_floor_velocity = Vector3()
+
+var shoot_blend = 0
+
+func adjust_facing(p_facing, p_target,p_step, p_adjust_rate,current_gn):
+
+	var n = p_target # normal
+	var t = n.cross(current_gn).normalized()
+	
+	var x = n.dot(p_facing)
+	var y = t.dot(p_facing)
+	
+	var ang = atan2(y,x)
+	
+	if (abs(ang)<0.001): # too small
+		return p_facing
+	
+	var s = sign(ang)
+	ang = ang * s
+	var turn = ang * p_adjust_rate * p_step
+	var a
+	if (ang<turn):
+		a=ang
+	else:
+		a=turn
+	ang = (ang - a) * s
+	
+	return ((n * cos(ang)) + (t * sin(ang))) * p_facing.length()
+
+
+
+func _integrate_forces( state ):
+
+	var lv = state.get_linear_velocity() # linear velocity
+	var g = state.get_total_gravity()
+	var delta = state.get_step()
+	var d = 1.0 - delta*state.get_total_density()
+	if (d<0):
+		d=0
+	lv += g * delta #apply gravity
+
+	var anim = ANIM_FLOOR
+
+	var up = -g.normalized() # (up is against gravity)
+	var vv = up.dot(lv) # vertical velocity
+	var hv = lv - (up*vv) # horizontal velocity
+
+
+
+	var hdir = hv.normalized() # horizontal direction
+	var hspeed = hv.length()	#horizontal speed
+
+	var floor_velocity
+	var onfloor = false
+
+	if (state.get_contact_count() == 0):
+		floor_velocity = last_floor_velocity
+	else:
+		for i in range(state.get_contact_count()):
+			if (state.get_contact_local_shape(i) != 1):
+				continue
+			
+			onfloor = true
+			floor_velocity = state.get_contact_collider_velocity_at_pos(i)
+			break
+		
+
+	var dir = Vector3() #where does the player intend to walk to
+	var cam_xform = get_node("target/camera").get_global_transform()
+	
+	if (Input.is_action_pressed("move_forward")):
+		dir+=-cam_xform.basis[2] 
+	if (Input.is_action_pressed("move_backwards")):
+		dir+=cam_xform.basis[2] 
+	if (Input.is_action_pressed("move_left")):
+		dir+=-cam_xform.basis[0] 
+	if (Input.is_action_pressed("move_right")):
+		dir+=cam_xform.basis[0] 
+		
+	var jump_attempt = Input.is_action_pressed("jump")
+	var shoot_attempt = Input.is_action_pressed("shoot")
+		
+	var target_dir = (dir - up*dir.dot(up)).normalized()
+	
+	if (onfloor):
+
+		var sharp_turn = hspeed > 0.1 and rad2deg(acos(target_dir.dot(hdir))) > sharp_turn_threshhold
+
+		if (dir.length()>0.1 and !sharp_turn) :
+			if (hspeed > 0.001) :
+
+				#linear_dir = linear_h_velocity/linear_vel
+				#if (linear_vel > brake_velocity_limit and linear_dir.dot(ctarget_dir)<-cos(Math::deg2rad(brake_angular_limit)))
+				#	brake=true
+				#else
+				hdir = adjust_facing(hdir,target_dir,delta,1.0/hspeed*turn_speed,up)
+				facing_dir = hdir
+			else:
+
+				hdir = target_dir
+			
+			if (hspeed<max_speed):
+				hspeed+=accel*delta
+
+		else:
+			hspeed-=deaccel*delta
+			if (hspeed<0):
+				hspeed=0
+		
+		hv = hdir*hspeed
+		
+		var mesh_xform = get_node("Armature").get_transform() 
+		var facing_mesh=-mesh_xform.basis[0].normalized()
+		facing_mesh = (facing_mesh - up*facing_mesh.dot(up)).normalized()
+		facing_mesh = adjust_facing(facing_mesh,target_dir,delta,1.0/hspeed*turn_speed,up)
+		var m3 = Matrix3(-facing_mesh,up,-facing_mesh.cross(up).normalized()).scaled( CHAR_SCALE )
+		
+		get_node("Armature").set_transform(Transform(m3,mesh_xform.origin))
+				
+		if (not jumping and jump_attempt):
+			vv = 7.0
+			jumping = true		
+			get_node("sfx").play("jump")
+	else:
+
+		if (vv>0):
+			anim=ANIM_AIR_UP
+		else:
+			anim=ANIM_AIR_DOWN
+			
+		var hs
+		if (dir.length()>0.1):
+
+			hv += target_dir * (accel * 0.2) * delta
+			if (hv.length() > max_speed):
+				hv = hv.normalized() * max_speed
+
+		else:
+
+			if (air_idle_deaccel):
+				hspeed = hspeed - (deaccel * 0.2) * delta
+				if (hspeed<0):
+					hspeed=0
+
+				hv = hdir*hspeed
+			
+		
+	if (jumping and vv < 0):
+		jumping=false
+
+	lv = hv+up*vv
+	
+	
+
+	if (onfloor):
+
+		movement_dir = lv
+		#lv += floor_velocity
+		last_floor_velocity = floor_velocity
+	else:
+
+		if (on_floor) :
+
+			#if (keep_jump_inertia):
+			#	lv += last_floor_velocity
+			pass
+		
+		last_floor_velocity = Vector3()
+		movement_dir = lv
+	
+	on_floor = onfloor
+
+	state.set_linear_velocity(lv)
+	
+	if (shoot_blend>0):
+		shoot_blend -= delta * SHOOT_SCALE
+		if (shoot_blend<0):
+			shoot_blend=0
+	
+	if (shoot_attempt and not prev_shoot):
+		shoot_blend = SHOOT_TIME		
+		var bullet = preload("res://bullet.scn").instance()
+		bullet.set_transform( get_node("Armature/bullet").get_global_transform().orthonormalized() )
+		get_parent().add_child( bullet )
+		bullet.set_linear_velocity( get_node("Armature/bullet").get_global_transform().basis[2].normalized() * 20 )
+		PS.body_add_collision_exception( bullet.get_rid(), get_rid() ) #add it to bullet
+		get_node("sfx").play("shoot")
+		
+	prev_shoot = shoot_attempt
+	
+	if (onfloor):
+		get_node("AnimationTreePlayer").blend2_node_set_amount("walk",hspeed / max_speed)
+		
+	get_node("AnimationTreePlayer").transition_node_set_current("state",anim)
+	get_node("AnimationTreePlayer").blend2_node_set_amount("gun",min(shoot_blend,1.0))
+#	state.set_angular_velocity(Vector3())	
+	
+	
+
+
+func _ready():
+
+
+	# Initalization here
+	get_node("AnimationTreePlayer").set_active(true)
+	pass
+
+

samples/GDScript/pong.gd

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+
+extends Node2D
+
+# member variables here, example:
+# var a=2
+# var b="textvar"
+const INITIAL_BALL_SPEED = 80
+var ball_speed = INITIAL_BALL_SPEED
+var screen_size = Vector2(640,400)
+#default ball direction
+var direction = Vector2(-1,0)
+var pad_size = Vector2(8,32)
+const PAD_SPEED = 150
+
+
+func _process(delta):
+
+
+	# get ball positio and pad rectangles
+	var ball_pos = get_node("ball").get_pos()
+	var left_rect = Rect2( get_node("left").get_pos() - pad_size*0.5, pad_size )
+	var right_rect = Rect2( get_node("right").get_pos() - pad_size*0.5, pad_size )
+	
+	#integrate new ball postion
+	ball_pos+=direction*ball_speed*delta
+	
+	#flip when touching roof or floor
+	if ( (ball_pos.y<0 and direction.y <0) or (ball_pos.y>screen_size.y and direction.y>0)):
+		direction.y = -direction.y
+		
+	#flip, change direction and increase speed when touching pads	
+	if ( (left_rect.has_point(ball_pos) and direction.x < 0) or (right_rect.has_point(ball_pos) and direction.x > 0)):
+		direction.x=-direction.x
+		ball_speed*=1.1
+		direction.y=randf()*2.0-1
+		direction = direction.normalized()
+
+	#check gameover
+	if (ball_pos.x<0 or ball_pos.x>screen_size.x):
+		ball_pos=screen_size*0.5
+		ball_speed=INITIAL_BALL_SPEED
+		direction=Vector2(-1,0)
+			
+						
+	get_node("ball").set_pos(ball_pos)
+
+	#move left pad	
+	var left_pos = get_node("left").get_pos()
+	
+	if (left_pos.y > 0 and Input.is_action_pressed("left_move_up")):
+		left_pos.y+=-PAD_SPEED*delta
+	if (left_pos.y < screen_size.y and Input.is_action_pressed("left_move_down")):
+		left_pos.y+=PAD_SPEED*delta
+		
+	get_node("left").set_pos(left_pos)
+		
+	#move right pad	
+	var right_pos = get_node("right").get_pos()
+	
+	if (right_pos.y > 0 and Input.is_action_pressed("right_move_up")):
+		right_pos.y+=-PAD_SPEED*delta
+	if (right_pos.y < screen_size.y and Input.is_action_pressed("right_move_down")):
+		right_pos.y+=PAD_SPEED*delta
+		
+	get_node("right").set_pos(right_pos)
+	
+	 
+
+func _ready():
+	screen_size = get_viewport_rect().size # get actual size
+	pad_size = get_node("left").get_texture().get_size()
+	set_process(true)
+

samples/Golo/adapters.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Adapters
+
+local function list_sample = |fabric| {
+  println(">>> list_sample()")
+  let carbonCopy = list[]
+  let conf = map[
+    ["extends", "java.util.ArrayList"],
+    ["overrides", map[
+      ["*", |super, name, args| {
+        if name == "add" {
+          if args: length() == 2 {
+            carbonCopy: add(args: get(1))
+          } else {
+            carbonCopy: add(args: get(1), args: get(2))
+          }
+        }
+        return super: invokeWithArguments(args)
+      }
+    ]]
+  ]]
+  let list = fabric: maker(conf): newInstance()
+  list: add("bar")
+  list: add(0, "foo")
+  list: add("baz")
+  println("      list: " + list + " " + list: getClass())
+  println("carbonCopy: " + carbonCopy + " " + carbonCopy: getClass())
+}
+
+local function runnable_sample = |fabric| {
+  println(">>> runnable_sample")
+  let result = array[1, 2, 3]
+  let conf = map[
+    ["interfaces", ["java.io.Serializable", "java.lang.Runnable"]],
+    ["implements", map[
+      ["run", |this| {
+        for (var i = 0, i < result: length(), i = i + 1) {
+          result: set(i, result: get(i) + 10)
+        }
+      }]
+    ]]
+  ]
+  let runner = fabric: maker(conf): newInstance()
+  runner: run()
+  println("      result: " + result: toString())
+  println("serializable? " + (runner oftype java.io.Serializable.class))
+  println("    runnable? " + (runner oftype java.lang.Runnable.class))
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let fabric = AdapterFabric()
+  list_sample(fabric)
+  runnable_sample(fabric)
+}

samples/Golo/async.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.AsyncHelpers
+
+import gololang.Async
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors
+
+local function fib = |n| {
+  if n <= 1 {
+    return n
+  } else {
+    return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let executor = newCachedThreadPool()
+  println("Let's do some useless asynchronous operations...")
+
+  var f = executor: enqueue({
+    Thread.sleep(1000_L)
+    return 666
+  })
+  f:
+    onSet(|v| -> println(">>> #slow -> " + v)): 
+    onFail(|e| -> println(">>> #fail -> " + e))
+  f:
+    cancel(true)
+
+  f = executor: enqueue({
+    Thread.sleep(1000_L)
+    return 666
+  })
+  f:
+    onSet(|v| -> println(">>> #ok -> " + v)): 
+    onFail(|e| -> println(">>> #wtf? -> " + e))
+
+  let fib_10 = promise()
+  let fib_20 = promise()
+  let fib_30 = promise()
+  let fib_40 = promise()
+
+  let futures = [
+    fib_10: future(), fib_20: future(), 
+    fib_30: future(), fib_40: future()
+  ]
+
+  executor: submit(-> fib_10: set(fib(10)))
+  executor: submit(-> fib_20: set(fib(20)))
+  executor: submit(-> fib_30: set(fib(30)))
+  executor: submit(-> fib_40: set(fib(40)))
+
+  all(futures): onSet(|results| -> println(">>> Fibs: " + results))
+
+  let truth = promise()
+  truth: 
+    future(): 
+    map(|v| -> "truth=" + v): 
+    onSet(|v| -> executor: submit(-> println(">>> (another thread) " + v))):
+    onSet(|v| -> println(">>> (same thread) " + v))
+  executor: submit({
+    Thread.sleep(500_L)
+    truth: set(42)
+  })
+  
+  Thread.sleep(1000_L)
+  executor: shutdown()
+  executor: awaitTermination(2_L, SECONDS())
+  println("Bye!")
+}

samples/Golo/augmentations.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Augmentations
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+augment java.util.List {
+  function with = |this, value| {
+    this: add(value)
+    return this
+  }
+}
+
+augment java.util.Collection {
+  function doToEach = |this, func| {
+    foreach (element in this) {
+      func(element)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let list = LinkedList(): with("foo"): with("bar"): with("baz")
+  list: doToEach(|value| -> println(">>> " + value))
+}

samples/Golo/closures.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module Closures
+
+local function sayHello = |who| -> "Hello " + who + "!"
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let adder = |a, b| -> a + b
+  println(adder: invokeWithArguments(1, 2))
+  println(adder(1, 2))
+
+  let addToTen = adder: bindTo(10)
+  println(addToTen: invokeWithArguments(2))
+  println(addToTen(2))
+
+  let adding = |x| -> |y| -> adder(x, y)
+  let addingTen = adding(10)
+  println(addingTen(4))
+  println(adding(2)(4))
+
+  println(sayHello("Julien"))
+
+  let list = java.util.LinkedList()
+  let pump_it = {
+    list: add("I heard you say")
+    list: add("Hey!")
+    list: add("Hey!")
+  }
+  pump_it()
+  println(list)
+}

samples/Golo/coin-change.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module CoinChange
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+function change = |money, coins| -> match {
+  when money == 0 then 1
+  when (money < 0) or (coins: isEmpty()) then 0
+  otherwise change(money - coins: head(), coins) + change(money, coins: tail())
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let coins = LinkedList(): append(1, 2, 5, 10, 20)
+  println("Coins: " + coins)
+  println("0: " + change(0, coins))
+  println("1: " + change(1, coins))
+  println("2: " + change(2, coins))
+  println("10: " + change(10, coins))
+  println("12: " + change(12, coins))
+  println("6: " + change(6, coins))
+}

samples/Golo/collection-literals.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.CollectionLiterals
+
+local function play_with_tuples = {
+  let hello = ["Hello", "world", "!"]
+  foreach str in hello {
+    print(str + " ")
+  }
+  println("")
+
+  println(hello: get(0) + "-" + hello: get(1) + "-" + hello: get(2))
+
+  println(hello: join("/"))
+}
+
+local function play_with_literals = {
+  let data = [
+    [1, 2, 3],
+    tuple[1, 2, 3],
+    array[1, 2, 3],
+    set[1, 2, 3, 3, 1],
+    map[
+      ["a", 10],
+      ["b", 20]
+    ],
+    vector[1, 2, 3],
+    list[1, 2, 3]
+  ]
+
+  data: each(|element| {
+    println(element: toString())
+    println("  type: " + element: getClass())
+  })
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(">>> Literals")
+  play_with_literals()
+  println("\n>>> Tuples")
+  play_with_tuples()
+}
+

samples/Golo/context-decorator.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.ContextDecorator
+
+import gololang.Decorators
+
+let myContext = defaultContext():
+  count(0):
+  define("entry", |this, args| {
+    this: count(this: count() + 1)
+    println("hello:" + this: count())
+    return args
+  }):
+  define("exit", |this, result| {
+    require(result >= 3, "wrong value")
+    println("goobye")
+    return result
+  }):
+  define("catcher", |this, e| {
+    println("Caught " + e)
+    throw e
+  }):
+  define("finallizer", |this| {println("do some cleanup")})
+
+
+@withContext(myContext)
+function foo = |a, b| {
+  println("Hard computation")
+  return a + b
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(foo(1,2))
+  println("====")
+  println(withContext(myContext)(|a| -> 2*a)(3))
+  println("====")
+  try {
+    println(foo(1, 1))
+  } catch (e) { }
+}
+

samples/Golo/decorators.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Decorators
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+function simple_decorator = |func| {
+  return |a,b| -> func(a+1,b+1)
+}
+
+@simple_decorator
+function simple_adder = |x,y| -> x + y
+
+function decorator_with_params = |param1, param2|{
+  return |func| {
+    return |a,b| -> func(a+param1,b+param2)
+  }
+}
+
+@decorator_with_params(10,2)
+function parametrized_adder = |x,y| -> x + y
+
+function generic_decorator = |func| {
+  return |args...| {
+    println("number of params : "+args: length())
+    return func: invokeWithArguments(args)
+  }
+}
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder0 = -> 42
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder1 = |x| -> x
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder2 = |x,y| -> x + y
+
+@generic_decorator
+function generic_adder3 = |x,y,z| -> x + y + z
+
+function list_sum_decorator = |func| {
+    return |this| -> func(this) - 8
+}
+
+augment java.util.List {
+
+  @list_sum_decorator
+  function sum = |this| {
+    var acc = 0
+    foreach elem in this {
+        acc = acc + elem
+    }
+    return acc
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(simple_adder(10,30))
+  println(parametrized_adder(10,20))
+  println(generic_adder0())
+  println(generic_adder1(42))
+  println(generic_adder2(20,22))
+  println(generic_adder3(10,12,20))
+  let list = LinkedList()
+  list: add(5)
+  list: add(10)
+  list: add(15)
+  list: add(20)
+  println(list: sum())
+}

samples/Golo/dynamic-evaluation.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.DynamicEvaluation
+
+import gololang.EvaluationEnvironment
+
+local function test_asModule = |env| {
+  let code =
+"""
+module foo
+
+function a = -> "a!"
+function b = -> "b!"
+"""
+  let mod = env: asModule(code)
+  let a = fun("a", mod)
+  let b = fun("b", mod)
+  println(">>> asModule()")
+  println(a())
+  println(b())
+}
+
+local function test_anonymousModule = |env| {
+  let code =
+"""
+function a = -> "a."
+function b = -> "b."
+"""
+  let mod = env: anonymousModule(code)
+  let a = fun("a", mod)
+  let b = fun("b", mod)
+  println(">>> anonymousModule()")
+  println(a())
+  println(b())
+}
+
+local function test_asFunction = |env| {
+  let code = "return (a + b) * 2"
+  let f = env: asFunction(code, "a", "b")
+  println(">>> asFunction")
+  println(f(10, 20))
+}
+
+local function test_def = |env| {
+  let code = "|a, b| -> (a + b) * 2"
+  let f = env: def(code)
+  println(">>> def")
+  println(f(10, 20))
+}
+
+local function test_run = |env| {
+  let code = """println(">>> run")
+  foreach (i in range(0, 3)) {
+    println("w00t")
+  }"""
+  env: run(code)
+}
+
+local function test_run_map = |env| {
+  let code = """println(">>> run_map")
+  println(a)
+  println(b)
+  """
+  let values = java.util.TreeMap(): add("a", 1): add("b", 2)
+  env: run(code, values)
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let env = EvaluationEnvironment()
+  test_asModule(env)
+  test_anonymousModule(env)
+  test_asFunction(env)
+  test_def(env)
+  test_run(env)
+  test_run_map(env)
+}

samples/Golo/dynamic-object-person.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.DynamicObjectPerson
+
+local function mrbean = -> DynamicObject():
+  name("Mr Bean"):
+  email("mrbean@gmail.com"):
+  define("toString", |this| -> this: name() + " <" + this: email() + ">")
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let bean = mrbean()
+  println(bean: toString())
+
+  bean: email("mrbean@outlook.com")
+  println(bean: toString())
+}

samples/Golo/echo-args.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module EchoArgs
+
+function main = |args| {
+  
+  println("With a for loop and an index:")
+  for (var i = 0, i < args: length(), i = i + 1) {
+    println("  #" + i + " -> " + args: get(i))
+  }
+
+  println("With a foreach loop:")
+  foreach arg in args {
+    println("  " + arg)
+  }
+
+  println("With a foreach over a range:")
+  foreach i in range(0, args: length()) {
+    println("  #" + i + " -> " + args: get(i))
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/enums-thread-state.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module sample.EnumsThreadState
+
+import java.lang.Thread$State
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  # Call the enum entry like a function
+  let new = Thread$State.NEW()
+  println("name=" + new: name() + ", ordinal=" + new: ordinal())
+  println("-----------")
+
+  # Walk through all enum entries
+  foreach element in Thread$State.values() {
+    println("name=" + element: name() + ", ordinal=" + element: ordinal())
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/fibonacci.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.Fibonacci
+
+import java.lang.System
+
+function fib = |n| {
+  if n <= 1 {
+    return n
+  } else {
+    return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+  }
+}
+
+local function run = {
+  let start = System.currentTimeMillis()
+  let result = fib(40)
+  let duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start
+  println(">>> " + result + " (took " + duration + "ms)")
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  while true {
+    run()
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/helloworld.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module hello.World
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println("Hello world!")
+}
+

samples/Golo/http-server.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.WebServer
+
+import java.lang
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress
+import com.sun.net.httpserver
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let server = HttpServer.create(InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8081), 0)
+  
+  server: createContext("/", |exchange| {
+    let headers = exchange: getResponseHeaders()
+    let response = StringBuilder():
+      append("Requested URI: "):
+      append(exchange: getRequestURI()):
+      append("\n"):
+      append("Current time: "):
+      append(java.util.Date()):
+      append("\n"):
+      toString()
+    headers: set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
+    exchange: sendResponseHeaders(200, response: length())
+    exchange: getResponseBody(): write(response: getBytes())
+    exchange: close()
+  })
+
+  server: createContext("/shutdown", |exchange| {
+    let response = "Ok, thanks, bye!"
+    exchange: getResponseHeaders(): set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
+    exchange: sendResponseHeaders(200, response: length())
+    exchange: getResponseBody(): write(response: getBytes())
+    exchange: close()
+    server: stop(5)
+  })
+
+  server: start()
+  println(">>> http://localhost:8081/")
+}

samples/Golo/logdeco.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+
+module samples.LogDeco
+
+function log1 = |msg| {
+    return |fun| {
+        return |args...| {
+            println(msg)
+            return fun: invokeWithArguments(args)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+@log1("calling foo")
+function foo = |a| {
+    println("foo got a " + a)
+}
+
+@log1("I'am a bar")
+function bar = |a| -> 2*a
+
+let sayHello = log1("Hello")
+
+@sayHello
+function baz = -> "Goodbye"
+
+function log2 = |msgBefore| -> |msgAfter| -> |func| -> |args...| {
+    println(msgBefore)
+    let res = func: invokeWithArguments(args)
+    println(msgAfter)
+    return res
+}
+
+@log2("enter foo")("exit foo")
+function spam = |a| {
+    println("foo: " + a)
+}
+
+function logEnterExit = |name| -> log2("# enter " + name)("# exit " + name)
+
+@logEnterExit("bar")
+function egg = { println("doing something...") }
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+    foo("bar")
+    
+    println("---")
+    println(bar(21))
+    
+    println("---")
+    println(baz())
+
+    println("---")
+    spam("bar")
+
+    println("---")
+    egg()
+
+    println("---")
+    let strange_use = log2("hello")("goodbye")({println(":p")})
+    strange_use()
+
+    println("---")
+    log2("another")("use")(|a|{println(a)})("strange")
+}

samples/Golo/matching-operator.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module Matching
+
+import java.util.LinkedList
+
+local function data = {
+  let list = LinkedList()
+  list: add("foo@bar.com")
+  list: add("+33.6.11.22.33")
+  list: add("http://golo-lang.org/")
+  list: add("def foo = bar(_._) with :> T")
+  return list
+}
+
+local function what_it_could_be = |item| -> match {
+  when item: contains("@") then "an email?"
+  when item: startsWith("+33") then "a French phone number?"
+  when item: startsWith("http://") then "a website URL?"
+  otherwise "I have no clue, mate!"
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  foreach item in data() {
+    println(item + " => " + what_it_could_be(item))
+  }
+}
+

samples/Golo/max-int.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.MaxInt
+
+local function max_int = {
+  return java.lang.Integer.MAX_VALUE()
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  println(max_int())
+}
+

samples/Golo/memoize.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.MemoizeDecorator
+
+import gololang.Decorators
+
+import java.lang.System
+
+let memo = memoizer()
+
+@memo
+function fib = |n| {
+  if n <= 1 {
+    return n
+  } else {
+    return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)
+  }
+}
+
+@memo
+function foo = |n| -> n
+
+local function run = {
+  let start = System.currentTimeMillis()
+  let result = fib(40)
+  let duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start
+  println(">>> fib(40) = " + result + " (took " + duration + "ms)")
+}
+
+local function run2 = {
+  let start = System.currentTimeMillis()
+  let result = foo(40)
+  let duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start
+  println(">>> foo(40) = " + result + " (took " + duration + "ms)")
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  foreach i in range(0, 5) {
+    println("run " + i)
+    run()
+    run2()
+  }
+}

samples/Golo/null-safety.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module DealingWithNull
+
+import java.util
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  # Data model
+  let contacts = map[
+    ["mrbean", map[
+      ["email", "bean@gmail.com"],
+      ["url", "http://mrbean.com"]
+    ]],
+    ["larry", map[
+      ["email", "larry@iamricherthanyou.com"]
+    ]]
+  ]
+
+  # MrBean and Larry
+  let mrbean = contacts: get("mrbean")
+  let larry = contacts: get("larry")
+  
+  # Illustrates orIfNull
+  println(mrbean: get("url") orIfNull "n/a")
+  println(larry: get("url") orIfNull "n/a")
+
+  # Querying a non-existent data model because there is no 'address' entry
+  println(mrbean: get("address")?: street()?: number() orIfNull "n/a")
+}
+

samples/Golo/prepost-decorators.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.PrepostDecorator
+
+import gololang.Decorators
+
+let isInteger = isOfType(Integer.class)
+
+@checkResult(isString(): andThen(lengthIs(2)))
+@checkArguments(isInteger: andThen(isPositive()), isString())
+function foo = |a, b| {
+    return b + a
+}
+
+let myCheck = checkArguments(isInteger: andThen(isPositive()))
+
+@myCheck
+function inv = |v| -> 1.0 / v
+
+let isPositiveInt = isInteger: andThen(isPositive())
+
+@checkArguments(isPositiveInt)
+function mul = |v| -> 10 * v
+
+@checkArguments(isNumber())
+function num = |v| -> "ok"
+
+@checkArguments(isNotNull())
+function notnull = |v| -> "ok"
+
+function main = |args| {
+    try { println(foo(1, "b")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo(-1, "b")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo("a", 2)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo(1, 2)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(foo(10, "ab")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(inv(10)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(inv(0)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(mul(5)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(mul(0)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(num(1)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num(1_L)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num(1.5)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num(1.5_F)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num("a")) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(num('a')) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+
+    try { println(notnull('1')) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+    try { println(notnull(null)) } catch (e) { println(e) }
+}

samples/Golo/structs.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module StructDemo
+
+struct Point = { x, y }
+
+augment StructDemo.types.Point {
+
+  function move = |this, offsetX, offsetY| {
+    this: x(this: x() + offsetX)
+    this: y(this: y() + offsetY)
+    return this
+  }
+
+  function relative = |this, offsetX, offsetY| -> Point(this: x() + offsetX, this: y() + offsetY)
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+  
+  let p1 = Point(1, 2)
+  let p2 = Point(): x(1): y(2)
+  let p3 = p1: frozenCopy()
+  let p4 = p1: frozenCopy()
+
+  println(p1)
+  println("x = " + p1: x())
+  println("y = " + p1: y())
+
+  println("p1 == p2 " + (p1 == p2))
+  println("p1 == p3 " + (p1 == p3))
+  println("p3 == p4 " + (p3 == p4))
+
+  println("#p1 " + p1: hashCode())
+  println("#p2 " + p2: hashCode())
+  println("#p3 " + p3: hashCode())
+  println("#p4 " + p4: hashCode())
+
+  println("p1: members() " + p1: members())
+  println("p1: values() " + p1: values())
+  foreach item in p1 {
+    println(item: get(0) + " -> " + item: get(1))
+  }
+
+  println("p1: set(\"x\", 10) " + p1: set("x", 10))
+  println("p1: move(10, 5) " + p1: move(10, 5))
+  println("p1: relative(11, 6) " + p1: relative(11, 6))
+
+  let p5 = ImmutablePoint(10, 20)
+  println("p5: " + p5)
+  try {
+    p5: x(100)
+  } catch (expected) {
+    println("p5 is immutable, so... " + expected: getMessage())
+  }
+}
+
+

samples/Golo/swing-actionlistener.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.SwingActionListener
+
+import java.awt.event
+import javax.swing
+import javax.swing.WindowConstants
+
+local function listener = |handler| -> asInterfaceInstance(ActionListener.class, handler)
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let frame = JFrame("Action listeners")
+  frame: setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE())
+
+  let button = JButton("Click me!")
+  button: setFont(button: getFont(): deriveFont(96.0_F))
+
+  # Using a helper function
+  button: addActionListener(listener(|event| -> println("Clicked!")))
+
+  # Using a standard augmentation: MethodHandle::to(Class)
+  button: addActionListener((|event| -> println("[click]")): to(ActionListener.class))
+
+  # Straight closure passing
+  button: addActionListener(|event| -> println("( )"))
+
+  frame: getContentPane(): add(button)
+  frame: pack()
+  frame: setVisible(true)
+}

samples/Golo/swing-helloworld.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.SwingHelloWorld
+
+import javax.swing
+import javax.swing.WindowConstants
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let frame = JFrame("Hello world")
+  frame: setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE())
+
+  let label = JLabel("Hello world")
+  label: setFont(label: getFont(): deriveFont(128.0_F))
+
+  frame: getContentPane(): add(label)
+  frame: pack()
+  frame: setVisible(true)
+}

samples/Golo/templates-chat-webapp.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module samples.TemplatesChatWebapp
+
+import java.lang
+import java.io
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress
+import com.sun.net.httpserver
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer
+
+local function redirect = |exchange, to| {
+  exchange: getResponseHeaders(): set("Location", to)
+  exchange: sendResponseHeaders(303, 0)
+  exchange: close()
+}
+
+local function respond = |exchange, body| {
+  exchange: getResponseHeaders(): set("Content-Type", "text/html")
+  exchange: sendResponseHeaders(200, body: length())
+  exchange: getResponseBody(): write(body: getBytes())
+  exchange: close()
+}
+
+# This is leaky and works with just 1 POST parameter...
+local function extract_post = |exchange, posts| {
+  let reader = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(exchange: getRequestBody()))
+  var line = reader: readLine()
+  while line isnt null {
+    if line: startsWith("msg=") {
+      posts: add(java.net.URLDecoder.decode(line: substring(4), "UTF-8"))
+    }
+    line = reader: readLine()
+  }
+  reader: close()
+}
+
+
+local function index = |posts, template, exchange| {
+  if exchange: getRequestMethod() == "POST" {
+    extract_post(exchange, posts)
+    redirect(exchange, "/")
+  } else {
+    respond(exchange, template(posts))
+  }
+}
+
+local function index_template = -> """
+<%@params posts %>
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Golo Chat</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+  <form action="/" method="post">
+    <input type="text" name="msg">
+    <input type="submit" value="Send">
+  </form>
+  <div>
+    <h3>Last posts</h3>
+    <% foreach post in posts { %>
+      <div>
+        <%= post %>
+      </div>
+    <% } %>
+  </div>
+  </body>
+</html>
+"""
+
+function main = |args| {
+  let index_tpl = gololang.TemplateEngine(): compile(index_template())
+  let posts = java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque()
+  let server = HttpServer.create(InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8081), 0)
+  server: createContext("/", ^index: bindTo(posts): bindTo(index_tpl))
+  server: start()
+  println(">>> http://localhost:8081/")
+}

samples/Golo/util-containers.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module MoreCoolContainers
+
+function main = |args| {
+  
+  println(">>> DynamicVariable")
+
+  let dyn = DynamicVariable("Foo")
+  println(dyn: value())
+  
+  let t1 = Thread({
+  dyn: withValue(666, {
+      println(dyn: value())
+    })
+  })
+  
+  let t2 = Thread({
+    dyn: withValue(69, {
+      println(dyn: value())
+    })
+  })
+
+  t1: start()
+  t2: start()
+  t1: join()
+  t2: join()
+  println(dyn: value())
+
+  println(">>> Observable")
+
+  let foo = Observable("Foo")
+  foo: onChange(|v| -> println("foo = " + v))
+
+  let mapped = foo: map(|v| -> v + "!")
+  mapped: onChange(|v| -> println("mapped = " + v))
+  
+  foo: set("69")
+}

samples/Golo/workers.golo

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# Copyright 2012-2014 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
+# 
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+# 
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+# 
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+module Workers
+
+import java.lang.Thread
+import java.util.concurrent
+import gololang.concurrent.workers.WorkerEnvironment
+
+local function pusher = |queue, message| -> queue: offer(message)
+
+local function generator = |port, message| {
+  foreach i in range(0, 100) {
+    port: send(message)
+  }
+}
+
+function main = |args| {
+
+  let env = WorkerEnvironment.builder(): withFixedThreadPool()
+  let queue = ConcurrentLinkedQueue()
+
+  let pusherPort = env: spawn(^pusher: bindTo(queue))
+  let generatorPort = env: spawn(^generator: bindTo(pusherPort))
+
+  let finishPort = env: spawn(|any| -> env: shutdown())
+
+  foreach i in range(0, 10) {
+    generatorPort: send("[" + i + "]")
+  }
+  Thread.sleep(2000_L)
+  finishPort: send("Die!")
+
+  env: awaitTermination(2000)
+  println(queue: reduce("", |acc, next| -> acc + " " + next))
+}
+

samples/Graph Modeling Language/sample.gml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+graph
+[
+  directed 0
+  node
+  [
+    id 0
+    label "Node 1"
+    value 100
+  ]
+  node
+  [
+    id 1
+    label "Node 2"
+    value 200
+  ]
+  edge
+  [
+    source 1
+    target 0
+  ]
+]

samples/Graphviz (DOT)/annoying.DOT

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/* 
+  Huffman Tree DOT graph.
+
+  DOT Reference :  http://www.graphviz.org/doc/info/lang.html
+                   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_language
+  Timestamp     :  1415989074 
+  Phrase        :  'OH GOD WHY IS LINGUIST SO ANAL ABOUT THIS STUFF'
+
+  Generated on http://huffman.ooz.ie/
+*/
+
+digraph G {
+    edge [label=0];
+    graph [ranksep=0];
+    T [shape=record, label="{{T|4}|000}"];
+    S [shape=record, label="{{S|5}|001}"];
+    SPACE [shape=record, label="{{SPACE|9}|01}"];
+    A [shape=record, label="{{A|3}|1000}"];
+    H [shape=record, label="{{H|3}|1001}"];
+    U [shape=record, label="{{U|3}|1010}"];
+    L [shape=record, label="{{L|2}|10110}"];
+    N [shape=record, label="{{N|2}|10111}"];
+    I [shape=record, label="{{I|4}|1100}"];
+    O [shape=record, label="{{O|4}|1101}"];
+    G [shape=record, label="{{G|2}|11100}"];
+    F [shape=record, label="{{F|2}|11101}"];
+    GF [label=4];
+    W [shape=record, label="{{W|1}|111100}"];
+    Y [shape=record, label="{{Y|1}|111101}"];
+    B [shape=record, label="{{B|1}|111110}"];
+    D [shape=record, label="{{D|1}|111111}"];
+    BD [label=2];
+    WYBD [label=4];
+    GFWYBD [label=8];
+    47 -> 18 -> 9 -> T;
+    29 -> 13 -> 6 -> A;
+    7 -> U;
+    4 -> L;
+    16 -> 8 -> I;
+    GFWYBD -> GF -> G;
+    WYBD -> 2 -> W;
+    BD -> B;9 -> S [label=1];
+    18 -> SPACE [label=1];
+    6 -> H [label=1];
+    13 -> 7 -> 4 -> N [label=1];
+    8 -> O [label=1];
+    GF -> F [label=1];
+    2 -> Y [label=1];
+    47 -> 29 -> 16 -> GFWYBD -> WYBD -> BD -> D [label=1];
+}

samples/Graphviz (DOT)/sample.dot

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/* 
+  Huffman Tree DOT graph.
+
+  DOT Reference :  http://www.graphviz.org/doc/info/lang.html
+                   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_language
+  Timestamp     :  1415988139 
+  Phrase        :  'SERIAL KILLER AND SEX OFFENDER ANGUS SINCLAIR IS JAILED FOR A MINIMUM OF 37 YEARS FOR THE 1977 WORLDS END MURDERS OF HELEN SCOTT AND CHRISTINE EADIE.'
+
+  Generated on http://huffman.ooz.ie/
+*/
+
+digraph G {
+    edge [label=0];
+    graph [ranksep=0];
+    node [shape=record];
+    U [label="{{U|3}|00000}"];
+    G [label="{{G|1}|0000100}"];
+    K [label="{{K|1}|0000101}"];
+    _3 [label="{{3|1}|0000110}"];
+    _9 [label="{{9|1}|0000111}"];
+    _39 [label=2];
+    L [label="{{L|7}|0001}"];
+    O [label="{{O|7}|0010}"];
+    Y [label="{{Y|1}|0011000}"];
+    X [label="{{X|1}|0011001}"];
+    YX [label=2];
+    J [label="{{J|1}|0011010}"];
+    W [label="{{W|1}|0011011}"];
+    JW [label=2];
+    YXJW [label=4];
+    M [label="{{M|4}|00111}"];
+    E [label="{{E|15}|010}"];
+    D [label="{{D|8}|0110}"];
+    T [label="{{T|4}|01110}"];
+    DOT [label="{{DOT|1}|0111100}"];
+    _1 [label="{{1|1}|0111101}"];
+    DOT1 [label=2];
+    _7 [label="{{7|3}|011111}"];
+    A [label="{{A|9}|1000}"];
+    N [label="{{N|9}|1001}"];
+    S [label="{{S|10}|1010}"];
+    I [label="{{I|11}|1011}"];
+    R [label="{{R|11}|1100}"];
+    C [label="{{C|3}|110100}"];
+    H [label="{{H|3}|110101}"];
+    F [label="{{F|6}|11011}"];
+    SPACE [label="{{SPACE|26}|111}"];
+    149 -> 61 -> 29 -> 14 -> 7 -> U;
+    4 -> 2 -> G;
+    _39 -> _3;
+    15 -> O;
+    8 -> YXJW -> YX -> Y;
+    JW -> J;
+    32 -> E;
+    17 -> D;
+    9 -> T;
+    5 -> DOT1 -> DOT;
+    88 -> 39 -> 18 -> A;
+    21 -> S;
+    49 -> 23 -> R;
+    12 -> 6 -> C;2 -> K [label=1];
+    7 -> 4 -> _39 -> _9 [label=1];
+    14 -> L [label=1];
+    YX -> X [label=1];
+    YXJW -> JW -> W [label=1];
+    29 -> 15 -> 8 -> M [label=1];
+    DOT1 -> _1 [label=1];
+    61 -> 32 -> 17 -> 9 -> 5 -> _7 [label=1];
+    18 -> N [label=1];
+    39 -> 21 -> I [label=1];
+    6 -> H [label=1];
+    23 -> 12 -> F [label=1];
+    149 -> 88 -> 49 -> SPACE [label=1];
+}

samples/Groff/sample.4

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+.TH FOO 1
+.SH NAME
+foo \- bar
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B foo
+.I bar
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+Foo bar
+.BR baz
+quux.
+.PP
+.B Foo
+bar baz.

samples/Hack/Assert.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+final class AssertException extends Exception {}
+
+final class Assert {
+  public static function isNum(mixed $x): num {
+    if (is_float($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    } else if (is_int($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected an int or float value');
+  }
+
+  public static function isInt(mixed $x): int {
+    if (is_int($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected an int');
+  }
+
+  public static function isFloat(mixed $x): float {
+    if (is_float($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected a float');
+  }
+
+  public static function isString(mixed $x): string {
+    if (is_string($x)) {
+      return $x;
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected a string');
+  }
+
+  // For arrays you need to check every element
+  public static function isArrayOf<T>(
+    (function(mixed): T) $fn,
+    mixed $x,
+  ): array<T> {
+    if (is_array($x)) {
+      return array_map($fn, $x);
+    }
+    throw new AssertException('Expected an array');
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/AssertRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class AssertRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return 'Assert';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'When you have values with unknown types, it is useful to make '.
+      'some runtime assertions and have the type checker understand. This '.
+      'recipe demonstrates one approach.';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'Assert.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector{
+      tuple ('Mixed Types', 'hack.annotations.mixedtypes'),
+      tuple ('Type Inference', 'hack.otherrulesandfeatures.typeinference'),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return assert_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): ?:xhp {
+    return null;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/Controller.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/startup/init.php';
+
+abstract class Controller {
+  protected function __construct() {
+    startup();
+  }
+
+  abstract protected function getCSS(): Set<string>;
+  abstract protected function getJS(): Set<string>;
+  abstract protected function getTitle(): string;
+  abstract protected function render(): :xhp;
+
+  final protected function getHead(): :xhp {
+    $css = $this->getCSS()->toVector()->map(
+      ($css) ==> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href={$css} />
+    );
+    $js = $this->getJS()->toVector()->map(
+      ($js) ==> <script src={$js} />
+    );
+    return
+      <head>
+      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
+        <title>{$this->getTitle()}</title>
+        {$css->toArray()}
+        {$js->toArray()}
+      </head>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/DBResultRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class DBResultRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return 'DB Result';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'Fetching data from a DB introduces a few typing challenges. '.
+      'First, the data comes back untyped. Second, a row in a DB generally '.
+      'contains columns of different types.';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'FakeDB.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector{
+      tuple ('Hack Shapes', 'hack.shapes'),
+      tuple ('Mixed Types', 'hack.annotations.mixedtypes'),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return db_result_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): ?:xhp {
+    return null;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/Documentation.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/vendor/hhvm/xhp/src/init.php';
+
+final class :documentation extends :x:element {
+  attribute string name;
+
+  protected function render(): :xhp {
+    $name = implode('.', explode(' ', $this->getAttribute('name'))).".php";
+    $href = "http://hhvm.com/manual/en/$name";
+    return <a class="docs button" href={$href} target="_blank">docs &rarr;</a>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/FakeDB.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+<?hh // strict
+
+type DBResultExtra = shape('age' => int);
+type DBResult = shape(
+  'id' => int,
+  'name' => string,
+  'extra' => DBResultExtra,
+);
+
+final class FakeDB {
+  public function getRawRows(): array<array<string, mixed>> {
+    $good_extra = json_encode(array('age' => 40));
+    $bad_extra = 'corrupt data';
+    // Real code would query a DB, but for now let's hardcode it
+    return array(
+      array(
+        'id' => 123,
+        'name' => 'Alice',
+        'extra' => $good_extra,
+      ),
+      array(
+        'id' => 456,
+        'name' => 'Bob',
+        'extra' => $bad_extra,
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * When processing untyped data you need to check each piece of data and
+   * figure out whether to give up or recover when the data is bad
+   */
+  public function processRow(array<string, mixed> $row): ?DBResult {
+    $row = Map::fromArray($row);
+    $id = $row->contains('id') ? $row['id'] : null;
+    $name = $row->contains('name') ? $row['name'] : null;
+    $extra = $row->contains('extra') ? json_decode($row['extra'], true) : null;
+
+    // Ignore rows with invalid IDs or names
+    if (!is_int($id) || !is_string($name)) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    // Try to recover from a bad extra column
+    if (!is_array($extra)) {
+      $extra = shape('age' => 0);
+    } else {
+      $extra = Map::fromArray($extra);
+      $extra = shape('age' => $extra->contains('age') ? $extra['age'] : 0);
+    }
+
+    return shape('id' => $id, 'name' => $name, 'extra' => $extra);
+  }
+
+  public function getDBResults(): Vector<DBResult> {
+    $ret = Vector {};
+    foreach ($this->getRawRows() as $raw_row) {
+      $row = $this->processRow($raw_row);
+      if ($row !== null) {
+        $ret->add($row);
+      }
+    }
+    return $ret;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/GetAndPostRecipe.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/recipe/init.php';
+require_once "demo.php";
+
+class GetAndPostRecipe extends Recipe implements RecipeWithDemo {
+
+  protected function getName(): string {
+    return '$_GET and $_POST';
+  }
+
+  <<Override>>
+  protected function getDescription(): ?string {
+    return 'A small example of how to interact with superglobals and the '.
+      'untyped data they can contain.';
+  }
+
+  protected function getFilenames(): Vector<string> {
+    return Vector {
+      'NonStrictFile.php',
+      'StrictFile.php',
+    };
+  }
+
+  protected function getDocs(): Vector<(string, string)> {
+    return Vector {
+      tuple('invariant()', 'hack.otherrulesandfeatures.invariant'),
+    };
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoFilename(): string {
+    return 'demo.php';
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoResult(): string {
+    return get_and_post_main();
+  }
+
+  public function getDemoXHP(): :xhp {
+    $url = '/recipes/get-and-post/';
+    return
+      <x:frag>
+        <div>
+          <a href={"$url?myIntParam=8675309#demo"} class="button">GET myIntParam=8675309</a>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+        <a href={"$url?myIntParam=boom#demo"} class="button">GET myIntParam=boom</a>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+        <form action={"$url#demo"} method="post">
+          <input type="hidden" name="myIntParam" value="5551234"/>
+          <input type="submit" class="button" value="POST myIntParam=5551234"/>
+        </form>
+        </div>
+        <div>
+        <form action={"$url#demo"} method="post">
+          <input type="hidden" name="myIntParam" value="boom"/>
+          <input type="submit" class="button" value="POST myIntParam=boom"/>
+        </form>
+        </div>
+      </x:frag>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/GetController.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+abstract class GetController extends Controller {
+  final protected function __construct(private Request $request) {
+    parent::__construct();
+  }
+
+  final protected function getRequest(): Request {
+    return $this->request;
+  }
+
+  final public function go(array<mixed, mixed> $get): void {
+    $request = new Request(Map::fromArray($get));
+    $controller = new static($request);
+    echo "<!DOCTYPE html>";
+    $head = $controller->getHead();
+    $body = $controller->render();
+    echo (string)$head;
+    echo (string)$body;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/HomeController.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/init.php';
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/controller/standard-page/init.php';
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/vendor/hhvm/xhp/src/init.php';
+
+class HomeController extends GetController {
+  use StandardPage;
+
+  protected function getTitle(): string {
+    return 'Hack Cookbook';
+  }
+
+  protected function renderMainColumn(): :xhp {
+    return <div>
+      <h1>Cookbook</h1>
+      <p>
+        The Hack Cookbook helps you write Hack code by giving you examples of
+        Hack code. It is written in Hack and is open source. If you
+        <a href="http://github.com/facebook/hack-example-site">
+          head over to GitHub,
+        </a>
+        you can read the code, check out the repository, and run it
+        yourself. The recipes in this cookbook are small examples that
+        illustrate how to use Hack to solve common and interesting problems.
+      </p>
+    </div>;
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/MySecureRequest.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?hh // strict
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/core/funs/init.php';
+
+final class MySecureRequest {
+  public function __construct(private Map<string, mixed> $GETParams) {}
+  public function stringParam(string $name): UNESCAPED_STRING {
+    invariant($this->GETParams->contains($name), 'Unknown GET param: '.$name);
+    $raw_string = $this->GETParams[$name];
+    invariant(is_string($raw_string), $name.' is not a string');
+    return unescaped_string($raw_string);
+  }
+}

samples/Hack/Nav.hh

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+<?hh // strict
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ *
+ */
+
+require_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'].'/vendor/hhvm/xhp/src/init.php';
+
+type NavItem = shape(
+  'name' => string,
+  'location' => string,
+);
+
+type NavSection = shape(
+  'name' => string,
+  'location' => ?string,
+  'items' => Vector<NavItem>,
+);
+
+final class :hack:nav extends :x:element {
+  private function getNavSections(): Vector<NavSection> {
+    return Vector{
+      shape(
+        'name' => 'Home',
+        'location' => '/',
+        'items' => Vector {},
+      ),
+      shape(
+        'name' => 'GitHub',
+        'location' => 'http://github.com/facebook/hack-example-site',
+        'items' => Vector {},
+      ),
+      shape(
+        'name' => 'Recipes',
+        'location' => null,
+        'items' => Vector {
+          shape(
+            'name' => '$_GET and $_POST',
+            'location' => '/recipes/get-and-post/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'Assert',
+            'location' => '/recipes/assert/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'DB Result',
+            'location' => '/recipes/db-result/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'Unescaped String',
+            'location' => '/recipes/unescaped-string/',
+          ),
+          shape(
+            'name' => 'User ID',
+            'location' => '/recipes/user-id/',
+          ),
+        },
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  private function renderNavItems(Vector<NavItem> $items): :xhp {
+    $render_item = $item ==>
+      <li>
+        <a class="navItem" href={$item['location']}>
+          {$item['name']}
+        </a>
+      </li>;
+    return
+      <x:frag>
+        {$items->map($render_item)->toArray()}
+      </x:frag>;
+  }
+
+  private function renderNavSection(NavSection $section): :xhp {
+    $section_item = <h3 class="navItem">{$section['name']}</h3>;
+    if ($section['location'] !== null) {
+      $section_item = <a href={$section['location']}>{$section_item}</a>;
+    }
+    return
+      <li class="navSectionItem">
+        {$section_item}
+        <ul class="navItems">
+          {$this->renderNavItems($section['items'])}
+        </ul>
+      </li>;
+  }
+
+  public function render(): :xhp {
+    $sections = $this->getNavSections()
+      ->map($section ==> $this->renderNavSection($section));
+    return
+      <div class="nav">
+        <ul class="navSections">
+          {$sections->toArray()}
+        </ul>
+      </div>;
+  }
+}